scholarly journals Exposición de jóvenes y adolescentes a la publicidad de los juegos de azar: una revisión sistemática

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Labrador ◽  
Francisco José Estupiñá ◽  
Marina Vallejo-Achón ◽  
Iván Sánchez-Iglesias ◽  
María González-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Gambling Behaviors ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Sobre Todo

Los posibles efectos negativos de la publicidad de juegos de azar (JdA), sobre todo en Adolescentes y Jóvenes (AyJ), generan alarma social. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de las investigaciones sobre publicidad y juego en AyJ, en los últimos 10 años, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, seleccionándose 31 trabajos. Los resultados destacan que AyJ, en contra de la legislación, participan con frecuencia en JdA, presentando problemas de juego. La publicidad de JdA es variada e intensa en especial en TV, eventos deportivos y redes sociales, estando dirigida a JyA, aunque suelen ser críticos con ella. Afecta más a varones jóvenes y con conductas de juego inadecuadas, consolidándolas. Los contenidos principales tratan de normalizar el juego y resaltar ganancias (sociales o económicas). El nivel de recuerdo y las actitudes sobre la publicidad del juego se asocian a incrementos en la intención de jugar, comportamientos de juego, y problemas de juego. Los incentivos más eficaces para jugar incluyen promociones económicas. La publicidad parece tener efecto, aunque reducido, para mejorar la actitud hacia los JdA e incrementar la participación en éstos, pero es difícil identificar sus efectos a medio y largo plazo. Son necesarios más estudios sobre JdA y publicidad, en especial en España. The possible negative effects of Gambling Advertising (GA), especially in Adolescents and Youth (A&Y), generate social alarm. A systematic review of the research on advertising and gaming at A&Y in the last 10 years was carried out, following the PRISMA guidelines, including 31 studies. The results highlight that A&Y, against the law, frequently participate in gambling, with some having gambling problems. The GA is varied and intense, especially on TV, sporting events and social networks, also targeting A&Y, although they are often critical of it. It affects more young men and people with inappropriate gambling behaviors, consolidating those behaviors. The main contents try to normalize gambling and highlight profits (social or economic). The levels of recall as well as the attitudes about the GA are associated with increases in gambling intentions, behaviors, and problems. The most effective incentives to gamble include economic promotions. Publicity seems to have an effect, albeit reduced, to improve the attitude towards gambling and increase participation in it, but it is difficult to identify its effects in the medium and long term. More studies on gambling and advertising are necessary, especially in Spain.

scholarly journals Systematic review of the current state of research on Online Social Networks: Taxonomy on experience of use

Comunicar ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (60) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel-Ángel Pertegal-Vega ◽  
Alfredo Oliva-Delgado ◽  
Ana Rodríguez-Meirinhos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

The widespread use of online social networks (OSN) among young people has been accompanied by an increase of publications about them and their effects on the psychosocial development of users. Previous panoramic reviews on OSN research are now outdated and do not provide a comprehensive view of the complexity of the user experience. The aims of this systematic review were three: to identify quantitative studies on OSN; to build a taxonomy about the user experience; and to classify studied variables in the topics and subtopics. The literature search and review according to PICoS strategy led to 546 identified publications that met the eligibility criteria. The taxonomy included nine major topics: overall use; activities and types of use; perceptions and attitudes OSN; the social network of online contacts; needs and motives for use; profile and privacy management; social processes; identity processes; and cognitive-emotional processes related to use of OSN. The three most studied topics were: overall use; activities and types of use; and social processes related to use of OSN. Classification and quantification of the different variables studied about the users’ experience is detailed. Several theoretical perspectives are discussed, as well as the gaps and challenges in OSN research. The proposed taxonomy could be useful for researchers to better delineate the aims of future studies. La generalización del uso de redes sociales en jóvenes ha supuesto un incremento notable de las publicaciones sobre ellas y sobre sus efectos en el desarrollo psicosocial de los usuarios. Las tentativas previas de revisión panorámica sobre redes quedaron desfasadas y no aportan una visión comprehensiva de la complejidad de la experiencia de uso. Los objetivos de esta revisión sistemática actualizada fueron: identificar estudios cuantitativos sobre redes; construir una taxonomía sobre la experiencia de uso; y clasificar las variables estudiadas en temas y subtemas. La búsqueda y revisión de literatura siguiendo la estrategia PICoS identificó 546 estudios que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. La taxonomía incluyó nueve grandes temáticas investigadas: descripción y cuantificación del uso; actividades y tipos de uso; percepción y actitudes influyentes en el uso; red social de contactos; necesidades y motivos de uso; gestión del perfil y privacidad; procesos sociales; procesos identitarios; y procesos cognitivos-emocionales. Los tres temas más estudiados fueron: la descripción y cuantificación del uso; las actividades y tipos de uso; y los procesos sociales relacionados con el uso. Se detalla la clasificación, cuantificación e integración de las diversas variables estudiadas sobre la experiencia de uso. Las diferentes tradiciones de estudio, así como las lagunas, problemas y retos de la investigación sobre redes son discutidas. Dicha taxonomía será de utilidad para que investigadores puedan encuadrar mejor los objetivos de futuros estudios.

scholarly journals Las redes sociales digitales: una valoración socioeducativa. Revisión sistemática.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (23) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Dieter Reynaldo Fuentes Cancell ◽  
◽  
Odiel Estrada Molina ◽  
Nilda Delgado Yanes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Emergent Technologies ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Institutional Communication

The future and already current industrial revolution 4.0 demand the introduction of a digital transformation in the higher education contributing to the formation of competent professionals, for which, they are evidenced in the pedagogies and emergent technologies, an increase of didactic experiences in the use of the digital social networks. In this research a systematic review to identify current trends in the use of online social networks for educational purposes are performed. PRISMA protocol was used and analyzed 79 studies present in the database Scopus. In the systematic review, the following questions are answered: What types of designs predominate in the scientific literature? What is the dependentindependent pairs of variables? And What are the current trends in the use of digital social networks for educational purposes? As a result of this research, Facebook is reaffirmed as the social network most used by educators and the need for the integrated and varied use of these networks. It concludes with the defense of the following trends: university institutional communication policies from the curricular levels; the development of creativity, cultural convergence and media diversification; educational innovation; media culture and academic digital identity

scholarly journals Perception of Gamblers: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Wöhr ◽  
Marius Wuketich
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
The Media ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Psychological Knowledge

AbstractIt is generally assumed that gamblers, and particularly people with gambling problems (PG), are affected by negative perception and stigmatisation. However, a systematic review of empirical studies investigating the perception of gamblers has not yet been carried out. This article therefore summarises empirical evidence on the perception of gamblers and provides directions for future research. A systematic literature review based on the relevant guidelines was carried out searching three databases. The databases Scopus, PubMed and BASE were used to cover social scientific knowledge, medical-psychological knowledge and grey literature. A total of 48 studies from 37 literature references was found. The perspective in these studies varies: Several studies focus on the perception of gamblers by the general population, by subpopulations (e. g. students or social workers), or by gamblers on themselves. The perspective on recreational gamblers is hardly an issue. A strong focus on persons with gambling problems is symptomatic of the gambling discourse. The analysis of the studies shows that gambling problems are thought to be rather concealable, whereas the negative effects on the concerned persons‘ lives are rated to be quite substantial. PG are described as “irresponsible” and “greedy” while they perceive themselves as “stupid” or “weak”. Only few examples of open discrimination are mentioned. Several studies however put emphasis on the stereotypical way in which PG are portrayed in the media, thus contributing to stigmatisation. Knowledge gaps include insights from longitudinal studies, the influence of respondents‘ age, culture and sex on their views, the relevance of the type of gambling a person is addicted to, and others. Further studies in these fields are needed.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Study of Gambling Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Månsson ◽  
Håkan Wall ◽  
Anne H. Berman ◽  
Nitya Jayaram-Lindström ◽  
Ingvar Rosendahl
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gambling Behaviors ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Second Wave

This study aimed to investigate changes in gambling behaviors during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. Participants who had gambled within the past year were recruited from social media and the Swedish National Helpline (n = 325, mean age 39.8 years, 64.8% males, 31.3% with problem gambling) and completed an online survey measuring gambling behaviors, consequences of the pandemic in general and worries related to the pandemic. A sub-sample (n = 139) completed a follow-up survey, during the second wave. The results showed no significant associations between COVID-19 consequences (financial or increased isolation) and increased monthly gambling behavior. No major migrations were observed between game types. However, gambling on a high-risk game (OR = 7.44, p < 0.001) and worrying about mental health due to the pandemic (OR = 2.85, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with past year gambling problems and increased monthly gambling problems from the first to the second wave. More longitudinal research is needed in vulnerable populations, to fully understand the long-term consequences of the pandemic.

scholarly journals An Identity Revolution: Divagaciones (e-)identitarias, periferias andróginas y redes sociales / An Identity Revolution: Meanderings of the Identity, Androgynous Peripheries and Social Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Spínola Elías ◽  
María del Mar García Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Queer Theory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Construction Of Identity ◽  
On Line ◽  
La Red ◽  
Sobre Todo

ABSTRACTThe development and democratization of Internet, but specially, the prodigality of the social networks arisen in it, put in question the orthodox and even postmodern concepts of identity, fragmenting it, furthermore, at the time they transfer it to the immaterial space of e-identity. Similarly, they have led to the development of new artistic expressions that explore the construction of identity framed in these contexts. However, social networks, regarding to sexual individuality, limit those constructions to the sexual types predefined by the restricted organic binomial man-woman. It is in the Queer Theory and its peripheral identities where we locate the opposition, once again, to the concealment of these differences by conventional-isms. In this work, we tackled an analysis of the concepts and processes of construction in the identity and e-identity in the configuration of the gender. To do this, and as a guide, we established the androgynous and the reflection about this concept in both, on line networks and our physical world. To illustrate it, we tracked the construction and identity of this marginal identity for subsequently; analyze it in a work created for the mass media, a mutable reality to the digital context that is metamorphosed from the instant in which users upload it to the online network for discussion in the forums. The methodology that we have carried out in this research is pure and deductive, in which there has been propitiated an interdisciplinary approach based on a system of a qualitative study. For the temporary disposition of some elements of this paper, we have collected certain historical precedents, announcing the peculiarity of some studies and analysis done before. At the same time, we have gathered information of diverse means, outlining the theories that favor the examination of key elements in the research, especially those regarding to the construction of a sexual identity inside and out of Internet.RESUMENEl desarrollo y la democratización de Internet, pero sobre todo, la prodigalidad de las redes sociales surgidas en ella, cuestionan los conceptos ortodoxos y posmodernos de la identidad, fragmentándola, aún más si cabe, al tiempo que la transfieren al espacio inmaterial de la e-identidad. Del mismo modo, han propiciado el desarrollo de nuevas expresiones artísticas que exploran la construcción de la identidad enmarcada en estos contextos. Sin embargo, las redes sociales, en lo concerniente a la individualidad sexual, limita dichas construcciones a las tipologías sexuales predefinidas por el restringido binomio orgánico hombre-mujer. Es en la Teoría Queer2 y sus identidades periféricas donde localizamos la oposición, una vez más, a la ocultación de estas diferencias por los convencionalismos. En este trabajo acometemos un análisis de los conceptos y procesos de construcción de la identidad y la e-identidad en la configuración del género. Para ello, a modo de hilo conduc-tor, establecemos el andrógino y su reflexión tanto en la virtualidad de las redes sociales hiperconectadas como en el lugar matérico de nuestro mundo físico. Y para ejemplificarlo, rastreamos su construcción e identidad para posteriormente anali-zarla en una obra creada para los mass media, una realidad mutable al contexto digital que se metamorfosea desde el instante en el que los usuarios la suben a la red para compartirla en los foros y plataformas. La metodología que hemos llevado a cabo en esta investigación es pura y deductiva, en la cual se ha propiciado una aproximación interdisciplinar basada en un sistema de trabajo comparativo-cualitativo. Para la disposición temporal de algunos elementos del estudio, hemos rescatado ciertos antecedentes históricos, dando a conocer la peculiaridad de algunos análisis efectuados con anterioridad. Al tiempo, hemos recolectado información de diversos medios, reseñando las teorías que favorecen el examen de elementos claves en la investigación, sobre todo en lo que atañe a la construcción de la identidad sexual dentro y fuera de Internet.

scholarly journals Grupos de trabajo administrados por redes sociales como apoyo a la práctica docente / Working groups managed by social networks as support for teaching practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
René Edmundo Cuevas Valencia ◽  
Angelino Feliciano Morales
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Sobre Todo

El manejo de estrategias didácticas como apoyo a la práctica docente se diversifica, sobre todo si se considera a las TIC en la mayoría de los casos no como un aliado al momento de administrar planeaciones de cursos presenciales y distribuir horas complementarias que el estudiante debe realizar, sino como una barrera para el control y seguimiento de las planeaciones establecidas. Actualmente el uso de las redes sociales está permeando el modo de vida de los seres humanos, por lo que se ha convertido en un medio de socialización de gran demanda a nivel mundial. El presente artículo describe los resultados de un análisis realizado a grupos de trabajo específicos que el docente utiliza como apoyo en sus clases, conformados por estudiantes de ingeniería y algunos del sector salud.

scholarly journals Ultrasonido para la valoración del contenido gástrico: revisión sistemática de la literatura

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-503
Author(s):  
Darío Fernando Ortega Vallejo ◽  
Andrés Felipe Erazo Narvaez ◽  
León Santiago Díez Chamorro ◽  
Daniela Suárez Rodríguez ◽  
Jamer Armando Campo Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Gastric Contents ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

Pneumonic aspiration of gastric contents is an important complication of anesthetic practice. : To determine the applicability of ultrasound for the assessment of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of gastric contents. : A systematic review was carried out, based on a structured search of the literature published in the databases: Pubmed, EMBASE, SciELO, Cochrane Library, OVID and Google Scholar, from the foundation of these until December 2018 Boolean connectors were used to locate information from the terms: anesthesiology, ultrasonography, gastrointestinal Contents. The quality of the information was assessed using different tools according to each type of study. : We found 23 relevant studies for inclusion in the systematic review. The overall risk of bias was low. : Gastric ultrasound seems to correspond to a tool that is easy to perform at the patient’s bedside, but there is uncertainty about its applicability in uncontrolled settings, different from those applied in the studies described in this review. More research is needed with different populations and scenarios, in favor of establishing the behavior in these, of the variables that can be determined by ultrasound. The implications for clinical practice and long-term outcomes may have the measurements achieved by ultrasound are still uncertain.

A systematic review and narrative summary of couple-based smoking cessation interventions

2022 ◽  
pp. 026540752110702
Author(s):  
Seung Hee Choi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Promote Smoking Cessation

Background: Smoking is formed and reinforced in social networks. Smoking interventions have incorporated social networks, especially partners, to promote smoking cessation. This review provides a synthesized review on the effectiveness of couple-based smoking cessation interventions. Methods: A systematic review of peer-reviewed studies of experimental, couple-based smoking cessation interventions, published in English, was conducted. Database searching of CINAHL, PubMed, and SCOPUS and citation review resulted in 2170 articles for reviews. Abstract and initial review screening excluded 2,126, leaving 44 for full-text review. Further exclusions based on type of intervention and reported outcomes left a total of 11 studies to be included in the analysis. Results: Two major outcomes were reported among the 11 studies: long-term quit rates (≥6 months post-intervention) and aspects of the couple’s relationship (e.g., satisfaction, adjustment, and partner support). Only two studies showed significant differences in long-term quit rates compared to control groups. Five studies reported outcomes of couples’ relationships, yet none of the five promoted partner support in the intervention, which may have limited the effectiveness of couple-based interventions. One study observed higher levels of partner support among quitters than continued smokers. A large heterogeneity of target populations was also observed. Conclusions: Current literature does not support the effectiveness of couple-based smoking interventions. Future studies need to re-evaluate the role of partners and partner support to facilitate effective partner support and increase the likelihood of success in smoking cessation among smoker couples. Limitations of the current literature and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Sharenting y derechos digitales de los niños y adolescentes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Azurmendi ◽  
Cristina Etayo ◽  
Angelina Torrell
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Digital Identity ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sobre Todo

Sharenting –dissemination on social networks of images and comments about children, minors, by their parents–, is a growing phenomenon (Kopecky et al., 2020; Bessant, 2018). The Covid-19 pandemic has increased the use of social networks, especially during the months of confinement. Social networks have helped to alleviate the separation, and to the extent that communication with family and friends has been frequent, they have also contributed to an increase in sharenting (Saud; Mashud; Ida, 2020). It is still unknown if this phenomenon is specific or if, on the contrary, confinement has contributed to changing social attitudes towards this parental activity (Bessant; Nottingham; Oswald, 2020). In any case, the need to reflect on the consequences and on the rights that come into play in sharenting has become evident. The research presented studies sharenting from the right to freedom of expression of parents, and the rights to private life of children under their guardianship and their digital identity; also from the perspective of the minor’s vision of this parental activity. A review of the bibliography shows the variety of arguments that have expressed the modalities of balance between these rights present in sharenting. The research is completed with a survey of children and adolescents between 13 and 18 years old, carried out in March 2020. This is how we respond to the criticism of the studies on the rights of minors for not including their own vision (Cowden, 2016). Resumen El sharenting –difusión en redes sociales de imágenes y comentarios sobre los hijos, menores de edad, por sus padres o madres o por ambos simultáneamente–, es un fenómeno creciente (Kopecky et al., 2020; Bessant, 2018). La pandemia del Covid-19 ha incrementado el uso de las redes sociales, sobre todo durante los meses de confinamiento. Las redes sociales han ayudado a paliar la separación, y en la medida en que la comunicación con familiares y amigos ha sido frecuente, también han contribuido a un aumento del sharenting (Saud; Mashud; Ida, 2020). Aún se desconoce si este fenómeno es puntual o si, por el contrario, el confinamiento ha contribuido a cambiar las actitudes sociales hacia esta actividad parental (Bessant; Nottingham; Oswald, 2020). En cualquier caso, se ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de reflexionar sobre el alcance de los derechos que entran en juego en el sharenting. La investigación que se presenta lo estudia desde los derechos a la libertad de expresión de los padres y los derechos a la vida privada de los niños bajo su tutela y a su identidad digital; también desde la perspectiva de la visión del menor hacia esta actividad parental. Una revisión de la bibliografía muestra la variedad de argumentos que han expresado las modalidades de equilibrio entre esos derechos presentes en el sharenting. La investigación se completa con una encuesta a niños y adolescentes entre 13 y 18 años, realizada en marzo de 2020. Se responde así a la crítica sobre los estudios de derechos de los menores de no incluir su propia visión (Cowden, 2016).

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