scholarly journals La antropización de la cobertura vegetal en los paisajes del estado de Chiapas, México

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Horacio Morales Iglesias ◽  
Angel Guadalupe Priego Santander ◽  
Manuel Bollo Manent ◽  
Mauricio José Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
The State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Class ◽  
Pressure Index ◽  
High Category ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

The anthropization of the vegetation cover in the landscapes of Chiapas state, Mexico Cuatro años después de la catástrofe, ¿Están los centros educacionales de la Región de Murcia en España preparados para el próximo desastre sísmico?El objetivo de la presente investigación es conocer y evaluar los niveles de modificación antrópica sobre la cobertura vegetal de los paisajes del estado de Chiapas, México. Para cumplir con este objetivo se aplicó un índice de presión al mapa de los paisajes físico-geográficos del estado de Chiapas, a escala 1: 250 000. Los resultados indican que la categoría baja ocupa el 29% de la superficie estatal; la clase alta 27%; el nivel medio 26%; la categoría muy baja 16%; finalmente, el nivel muy alto abarca 2%. La categoría alta se ubica en paisajes de planicie, piedemonte y valle, en clima cálido húmedo y cálido subhúmedo. La clase baja se localiza en montañas de origen tectónico-intrusivo,tectónico-acumulativo y tectónico-kárstico, en climas templado, semicálido húmedo a subhúmedo y cálido húmedo. El escenario de tendencia es preocupante, porque la categoría alta podría representar en el corto plazo 53% de la superficie estatal. he goal of this research is to understand and evaluate the levels of anthropic transformation on the vegetationcover inthe landscapes of Chiapas, Mexico. To achieve this goal, a pressure index was applied to the map of the physical-geographical landscapes of the Chiapas State, in a 1: 250 000 scale. The results indicate that low category occupies 29% of the surface area of the state; the high class 27%, the medium level 26%, the very low category 16%; finally, the very high level covers 2%. The high category is located in plains, piedmonts and valley landscapes in warm humid and subhumid climate. The low class is located in mountains of tectonic-intrusive, tectonic-acumulative and tectonic-karstic origin, in temperate, semi-warm humid to subhumid, and warm humid climates. The trend scenario is worrisome, because the high level could represent in the short term 53% of the surface area of the state.

scholarly journals La antropización de la cobertura vegetal en los paisajes del estado de Chiapas, México

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Horacio Morales Iglesias ◽  
Angel Guadalupe Priego Santander ◽  
Manuel Bollo Manent ◽  
Mauricio José Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
The State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Class ◽  
Pressure Index ◽  
High Category ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

The anthropization of the vegetation cover in the landscapes of Chiapas state, Mexico Cuatro años después de la catástrofe, ¿Están los centros educacionales de la Región de Murcia en España preparados para el próximo desastre sísmico?El objetivo de la presente investigación es conocer y evaluar los niveles de modificación antrópica sobre la cobertura vegetal de los paisajes del estado de Chiapas, México. Para cumplir con este objetivo se aplicó un índice de presión al mapa de los paisajes físico-geográficos del estado de Chiapas, a escala 1: 250 000. Los resultados indican que la categoría baja ocupa el 29% de la superficie estatal; la clase alta 27%; el nivel medio 26%; la categoría muy baja 16%; finalmente, el nivel muy alto abarca 2%. La categoría alta se ubica en paisajes de planicie, piedemonte y valle, en clima cálido húmedo y cálido subhúmedo. La clase baja se localiza en montañas de origen tectónico-intrusivo,tectónico-acumulativo y tectónico-kárstico, en climas templado, semicálido húmedo a subhúmedo y cálido húmedo. El escenario de tendencia es preocupante, porque la categoría alta podría representar en el corto plazo 53% de la superficie estatal. he goal of this research is to understand and evaluate the levels of anthropic transformation on the vegetationcover inthe landscapes of Chiapas, Mexico. To achieve this goal, a pressure index was applied to the map of the physical-geographical landscapes of the Chiapas State, in a 1: 250 000 scale. The results indicate that low category occupies 29% of the surface area of the state; the high class 27%, the medium level 26%, the very low category 16%; finally, the very high level covers 2%. The high category is located in plains, piedmonts and valley landscapes in warm humid and subhumid climate. The low class is located in mountains of tectonic-intrusive, tectonic-acumulative and tectonic-karstic origin, in temperate, semi-warm humid to subhumid, and warm humid climates. The trend scenario is worrisome, because the high level could represent in the short term 53% of the surface area of the state.

Pecking Order Test at Varying Debt Levels: A Comparative Study of Indian and Chinese Firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-261
Author(s):  
Vandana Bhama ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jain ◽  
Surendra Singh Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Pecking Order Theory ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Debt Levels

The present study tests the pecking order of firms at varying debt levels. The findings indicate that deficit firms at low debt levels raise significant amounts of debt, thus indicating the adherence to the pecking order theory. Deficit firms (from both countries) at exceptionally high debt levels do not adjust their capital structure by issuing less debt. In a surplus situation, Chinese firms at very high level redeem the substantial debt because of the dominance of short-term debt in their capital structure. In contrast, Indian surplus firms hesitate to redeem more debt if their existing debt levels are extremely high. JEL Classification: Q14, G32

scholarly journals Modeling the Impact of High Temperature on Mortality in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan Barakzai ◽  
S.M. Aqil Burney
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

The objective of this paper is to model and study the impact of high temperature on mortality in Pakistan. For this purpose, we have used mortality and climate data consisting of maximum temperature, variation in monthly temperature, average rainfall, humidity, dewpoint, as well as average air pressure in the country over the period from 2000 to 2019. We have used the Generalized Linear Model with Quasi-Poisson link function to model the number of deaths in the country and to assess the impact of maximum temperature on mortality. We have found that the maximum temperature in the country has a significant impact on mortality. The number of deaths in Pakistan increases as the maximum temperature increases. We found that, as the maximum temperature increase beyond 30 °C, mortality increases significantly. Our results indicate that mortality increases by 27% when the maximum temperature in the country increases from medium category to a very high level. Similarly, the number of deaths in the country increases by 11% when the temperature increases from medium temperature to high level. Furthermore, our study found that when the maximum temperature in the country decreases from a medium level to a low level, the number of deaths in the country decreases by 23%. This study does not consider the impact of other factors on mortality, such as age, medical conditions, gender, geographical location, as well as variability of temperature across the country.

scholarly journals Empowerment of Women in Fisheries: Evidence from Ganjam District of Odisha

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Priyanka Patra ◽  
S. S. Dana ◽  
S. B. Ramya Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Inland Fisheries ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Good Concentration ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ganjam District

The present study was conducted to assess the empowerment level of women in the fisheries sector in the Ganjam district of Odisha. In the inland sector, the highest numbers of women are of the fishermen population in Ganjam district i.e. 29476 out of a total 263514 number of female fisheries population of the state (Directorate of Fisheries, Government of Odisha, 2015). A very good concentration of women is involving in fisheries activities in this district. But when sector-specific cases are concerned, there are very few studies found where different dimensions of women empowerment through fisheries are discussed. The results revealed that the majority of the respondents (66.60%) in the Inland sector are grouped under a medium level of empowerment followed by low and high-level empowerment (16.70%). These results indicated that there is a significant move towards the empowerment of women in the case of inland fisheries. However, in the Marine sector equal percentage of respondents belonged to both medium and high levels of women empowerment i.e. each 30 (50.00%) and low level of empowerment was nil which indicates the level of empowerment in the marine fisheries activities compared to inland fisheries. With this background, the overall empowerment score was categorized into the low, medium, and high level of empowerment where a majority of the respondents (71.6%) were under the medium level of empowerment followed by the equal percentage of the low and high level of empowerment (14.2%). The composite score of empowerment of women is also encouraging. However, efforts are needed to bring women empowerment from medium level to a higher level. There is also a need to uplift a section of women who are still in the lower category of empowerment.

scholarly journals Potencial Pedoclimático do Estado da Paraíba para a Cultura do Algodão Herbáceo (Gossypium hirsutum) (Pedoclimatic potential of the Paraíba state to cultivation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum))

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2089
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Megna Francisco ◽  
DJAIL SANTOS ◽  
EDUARDO RODRIGUES VIANA DE LIMA ◽  
ZIANY NEIVA BRANDÃO
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
The State ◽  
High Class ◽  
Area Increase ◽  
Very High

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial pedoclimático do Estado da Paraíba para a cultura agrícola do algodão herbáceo. Na obtenção dos mapas de potencial pedoclimático, as informações obtidas do potencial dos solos foram cruzadas com aquelas da aptidão climática considerando três cenários pluviométricos: anos chuvosos, anos regulares e anos secos. O cruzamento das informações foi realizado por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento utilizando o software SPRING e obtendo-se os mapas do potencial pedoclimático. O resultado das interpretações foi classificado em quatro classes: Muito Alto, Alto, Médio, Baixo e Muito Baixo. Os resultados demonstraram que a variabilidade pedológica e climática do Estado da Paraíba tem influenciado o potencial pedoclimático do Estado para a cultura do algodão herbáceo, tendo sido observadas diferenças significativas na extensão territorial das classes e subclasses de potencial pedoclimático. A extensão do potencial pedoclimático Alto e Médio apresentou significativo aumento em relação aos cenários seco e regular, com maior percentual de ocorrência para o cenário pluviométrico chuvoso. Não houve dados para a classe de potencial pedoclimático Muito Alto e dessa forma a mesma não foi mapeada neste trabalho. A área da classe Alta aumenta conforme cresce o cenário pluviométrico. A classe Média do potencial pedoclimático é ampliada em área conforme aumenta a probabilidade de chuvas. Na classe Baixa de potencial pedoclimático a diferença na mudança foi pouco significativa. Entre as subclasses do potencial Muito Baixo, foi observado aumento da área de acordo com o aumento da probabilidade de ocorrência de chuvas no Estado.    A B S T R A C T The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil and climate potential for upland cotton in Paraiba state, Brazil. For obtaining pedoclimatic potential maps, the information obtained for soil potential were combined with that to climate ability considering three rainfall scenarios: wet years, dry years and regular years. Information crossing was carried out by techniques of geoprocessing using the SPRING software and maps of soil and climate potential were obtained. The interpretation results were classified into four pedoclimatic potential classes: Very High, High, Medium, Low and Very Low. The results showed that pedological and climate variability in Paraiba state have influenced the pedoclimatic potential of this state to the upland cotton, with significant differences observed in the territory for classes and subclasses of pedoclimatic potential. The extent of potential soil and climate High and Medium showed a significant increase over the dry and regular scenarios, with the highest percentage of occurrence for the rainy rainfall scenario. There was no data for the potential class Very High soil and climate and therefore the same has not been mapped in this work. High class area enlarges as the rainfall scenario increases. The mapped area for the Middle class showed enlargement with rainy probability increases. Little significant changes were observed for Low class of soil and climate potential. Among potential subclasses Very Low, were observed an area increase according rain probability was enlarging in the state. Keywords: Geotechnology, land use planning, pedological potential, rain probability, climate aptitude.   

scholarly journals Pengukuran Beban Kerja Mental Bagian Marketing PT. Pindo Deli di Masa Covid-19 dengan Metode NASA TLX

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Nana Rahdiana ◽  
Afif Hakim ◽  
Sukarman
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Marketing Department ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
High Category ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

PT. Pindo Deli is a national company that produces paper, which is located in Kutamekar Village BTB6/9, Karawang Regency, West Java. It produces various types of paper with a market share of 60% for exports and 40% for domestic. The condition of the Covid-19 pandemic also has an impact on the marketing and sales of paper, namely a decrease in the number of requests from the export and domestic markets. This condition certainly has affected the marketing department because it is still determined to be able to sell paper to the market. Job as marketing tend to have a high risk of mental workload, because they are required to always involve the brain's performance in completing their work. The purpose of this study is to measure the level of mental workload in the marketing department at the manager level, namely the regional managers and product managers in meeting their job demands, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used to measure the mental workload of managers is NASA TLX method. From the research results, it is found that 42% of manager had a high level of mental workload and the remaining 58% were in the very high category.

The ecology, phytosociology and stand structure of an ancient endemic plant Lomatia tasmanica (Proteaceae) approaching extinction

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. J. Lynch ◽  
J. Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Family ◽  
Root Suckering ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Lomatia tasmanica W.M.Curtis is a nationally endangered shrub of the family Proteaceae. It is entirely restricted to one population extending over 1.2 km in south-western Tasmania. The species occupies a variety of riparian vegetation types ranging from sclerophyll scrub to implicate rainforest. The population is dominated by ramets originating after fire in 1934, although the species regenerates in a continuous manner by root suckering. The ramets or stems may reach ages > 300 years. The entire population may be composed of one genet and fruit production has never been observed. The extreme rarity of the species, its inability to reproduce sexually and its lack of genetic diversity suggest that L. tasmanica is heading inevitably towards extinction. One population appears to have disappeared since 1934. Threats such as too frequent firing and the root-rot fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi increase the likelihood of extinction of L. tasmanica in the short term to a very high level.

scholarly journals Assessing the level of vulerability due to climate change in extremely poor coastal communes in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue provinces, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-150
Author(s):  
Hoang Son NGUYEN ◽  
Trong Quan NGUYEN
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Climate change has been severely affected the lives of people in coastal areas of Vietnam, particularly in the poor communes in the Central region, namely Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue. This report focuses on analyzing and assessing the vulnerability caused by climate change in the extremely poor communes in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue province, including five levels: Very low, low, medium, high, very high. Through the IPCC vulnerability assessment method, which includes three components: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, the results in the study area showed that the medium level accounted for 19.64%, the high level accounted for 30.48%, and the very high level made up 37.35% of the area.

scholarly journals Social determinants for overweight and obesity in a highly marginalized population from Comitán, Chiapas, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (5, sep-oct) ◽  
pp. 477-486
Author(s):  
Marisela Vázquez-Duran ◽  
María Eugenia Jiménez-Corona ◽  
Laura Moreno-Altamirano ◽  
Enrique Octavio Graue-Hernández ◽  
Noé Guarneros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Objective. We assessed the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with some social determinants in a highly marginalized population in Mexico. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study conducted in Comitán, Chiapas, from 2010 to 2012, comprising 1 858 subjects aged ≥20 years. We evaluated proximal, intermediate, and structural social determinants. Results. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 37.9 and 16.5%, respectively. The probability of overweight and obesity was higher in participants with ≥primary school, self-reported non-indigenous origin, and medium level of marginalization compared with those with <primary school, self-reported indigenous origin, and high/ very high level of marginalization. Conclusion. The pro­bability of overweight and obesity was higher in population with more favorable social conditions, which may be partially explained by changes in the traditional lifestyle with greater access to high energy foods and physical inactivity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the State of Ecological Sphere Vital Activity in the Medium-Size Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 05015
Author(s):  
Mykola Klymenko ◽  
Oleksandr Klymenko ◽  
Ludmyla Klymenko ◽  
Maria Kopiy ◽  
and Ilya Tsinivskiy
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
The State ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
High Level ◽  
Straight Lines

The analysis of the state of ecological sphere development in the medium-size cities of Ukraine certifies the presence of negative tendencies there, exactly, the decrease of population quantity, the growth of numbers of movable sources and the level of population morbidity. There has been suggested a scale to make qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the changes of ecological sphere state according to which indices ascertain the correspondence with their states: 1,0 – 0,75 as high, 0,749 – 0,50 as medium, 0,499 – 0,25 as less than medium, 0,249 –0, as low. It is revealed that high level of ecological development refers to Ivano-Frankivsk (0,777), which is the leader according to the level of planting greenery, the lowest accumulation of waste materials of the 1st – 3d level of danger, the lowest emission of pollutants into atmosphere from stationary and movable sources. Melitopol has medium level (0,57) and is the leader as to the indices of drinking water consumption and is characterized by good indices concerning the waste treatment, considerable expenses spent on nature-protecting activity and low amount of pollutant emission into atmosphere. The cities of Lutsk and Rivne are characterized by lower than medium level of the development of ecological sphere vital activity (0,482; 0,384 in the year 2017 correspondingly), because of a great amount of pollutants emission into atmosphere, low level of planting greenery. The city of Rivne, besides, has the highest indices as to the assumption of waste materials and the least expenses on nature-protecting measures. It is ascertained that the influence of destimulators and stimulators on the level of development of medium-size cities ecological sphere is described by dependencies which look like straight lines at the coefficients of determination R2 from 0,381 to 0,721.

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