scholarly journals The Promise of a More Abundant Life: Consumer society and the rise of the managerial state

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-251
Author(s):  
Bettina Liverant
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
The State ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Wage Earner ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Consumer

Abstract In the decades following the turn of the century, the rising cost of living was a subject of controversy in Canada and throughout the industrialized world. No other topic, observers often noted, commanded more attention. Rising prices exacerbated wage disputes, and intensified tensions between traditional producer values and the acceptance of new patterns of purchasing. This article explores the bond formed between Canadian consumers and the managerial state by the investigation of changes in the cost of living. In order to measure changes in the prices of goods and services, it is necessary to examine the consumption practices of Canadians. This process of data collection and collation helped to normalize new consumer behaviours, and embedded the category of the Canadian citizen as a wage spender, as well as a wage earner, in the workings of government. By engaging with consumption, that is by representing, by measuring, and by categorizing the changing purchasing practices of its citizens, the state expanded its mandate and helped to shape the way Canadians came to see themselves as consumers.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR STATE REGULATION OF SOCIAL GUARANTEES IN THE REGION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Lobas ◽  
◽  
Elena Petryaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with modern mechanisms for managing social protection of the population by the state and the private sector. From the point of view of forms of state regulation of the sphere of social protection, system indicators usually include the state and dynamics of growth in the standard of living of the population, material goods, services and social guarantees for the poorly provided segments of the population. The main indicator among the above is the state of the consumer market, as one of the main factors in the development of the state. Priority areas of public administration with the use of various forms of social security have been identified. It should be emphasized that, despite the legislative conflicts that exist today in Ukraine, mandatory indexation of the cost of living is established, which is associated with inflation. Various scientists note that although the definition of the cost of living index has a well-established methodology, there are quite a lot of regional features in the structure of consumption. All this is due to restrictions that are included in the consumer basket of goods and different levels of socio-economic development of regions. The analysis of the establishment and periodic review of the minimum consumer budgets of the subsistence minimum and wages of the working population and the need to form state insurance funds for unforeseen circumstances is carried out. Considering in this context the levers of state management of social guarantees of the population, we drew attention to the crisis periods that are associated with the market transformation of the regional economy. In these conditions, there is a need to develop and implement new mechanisms and clusters in the system of socio-economic relations. The components of the mechanisms ofstate regulation ofsocial guarantees of the population are proposed. The deepening of market relations in the process of reforming the system of social protection of the population should be aimed at social well-being.

The impact of labor freedom on geographic cost of living differentials

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-395
Author(s):  
Richard Cebula ◽  
James E. Payne ◽  
Donnie Horner ◽  
Robert Boylan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of labor market freedom on state-level cost of living differentials in the USA using cross-sectional data for 2016 after allowing for the impacts of economic and quality of life factors. Design/methodology/approach The study uses two-stage least squares estimation controlling for factors contributing to cost of living differences across states. Findings The results reveal that an increase in labor market freedom reduces the overall cost of living. Research limitations/implications The study can be extended using panel data and alternative measures of labor market freedom. Practical implications In general, the finding that less intrusive government and greater labor freedom are associated with a reduced cost of living should not be surprising. This is because less government intrusion and greater labor freedom both inherently allow markets to be more efficient in the rationalization of and interplay with forces of supply and demand. Social implications The findings of this and future related studies could prove very useful to policy makers and entrepreneurs, as well as small business owners and public corporations of all sizes – particularly those considering either location in, relocation to, or expansion into other markets within the USA. Furthermore, the potential benefits of the National Right-to-Work Law currently under consideration in Congress could add cost of living reductions to the debate. Originality/value The authors extend the literature on cost of living differentials by investigating whether higher amounts of state-level labor market freedom act to reduce the states’ cost of living using the most recent annual data available (2016). That labor freedom has a systemic efficiency impact on the state-level cost of living is a significant finding. In our opinion, it is likely that labor market freedom is increasing the efficiency of labor market transactions in the production and distribution of goods and services, and acts to reduce the cost of living in states. In addition, unlike previous related studies, the authors investigate the impact of not only overall labor market freedom on the state-level cost of living, but also how the three sub-indices of labor market freedom, as identified and measured by Stansel et al. (2014, 2015), impact the cost of living state by state.

A new index to measure cost of living for expatriates in cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-317
Author(s):  
Khee Giap Tan ◽  
Nguyen Trieu Duong Luu ◽  
Le Phuong Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Commercial Research ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Living Index ◽  
The City

Purpose Cost of living is an important consideration for the decision-making of expatriates and investment decisions of businesses. As competition between cities for talent and capital becomes global instead of national, the need for timely and internationally comparable information on global cities’ cost of living increases. While commercial research houses frequently publish cost of living surveys, these reports can be lacking in terms of scientific rigour. In this context, this paper aims to contribute to the literature by formulating a comprehensive and rigorous methodology to compare the cost of living for expatriates in 103 world’s major cities. Design/methodology/approach A cost of living index for expatriates composed of the ten consumption categories is constructed. The results from the study covers a study period from 2005 to 2014 in 103 cities. More than 280 individual prices of 165 goods and services have been compiled for each city in the calculation of the cost of living index for expatriates. New York has been chosen as the base city for the study, with other cities being benchmarked against it. A larger cost of living index for expatriates implies that the city is more expensive for expatriates to live in and vice versa. Findings While the authors generate the cost of living rankings for expatriates for 103 cities worldwide, in this paper, the authors focus on five key cities, namely, London, Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo and Zurich, as they are global financial centres. In 2013, the latest year for which data are available, Zurich was the most expensive for expatriates among the five cities, followed by Singapore, Tokyo, London and Hong Kong. These results pertain to the cost of living for expatriates, and cities compare very differently in terms of cost of living for ordinary residents, as ordinary residents follow different consumption patterns from expatriates. Originality/value Cost of living in the destination city is a major consideration for professionals who look to relocate, and organisations factor such calculations in their decisions to post employees overseas and design commensurate compensation packages. This paper develops a comprehensive and rigorous methodology for measuring and comparing cost of living for expatriates around the world. The value-addition lies in the fact that the authors are able to differentiate between expatriates and ordinary residents, which has not been done in the existing literature. They use higher quality data and generate an index that is not sensitive to the choice of base city.

The Social Embeddedness of Marketing

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-49
Author(s):  
Stefan Schwarzkopf
Keyword(s):  
Historical Case ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Cultural Intermediaries ◽  
New Consumer

In both premodern and modern capitalist societies, marketing emerged as a key driver behind consumption patterns and as a facilitator of new consumer goods and services. This chapter uses historical case studies to highlight how marketing and consumption practices co-developed over time and in response to socioeconomic and technological changes. The historical evidence shows that marketing activities have never followed a narrow economic and utilitarian calculus; instead, they have always existed within and helped to maintain a wide range of relations between businesses, consumers, cultural intermediaries, and lawmakers. A key tension that runs through the history of marketing and consumption is the coexistence of efforts to control consumer behavior and attempts to provide consumers with the space needed to create entirely new kinds of consumption experiences.

Rural Ambivalence Toward Mass Society: Evidence from the U.S. Parcel Post Debates, 1900–1913

Rural History ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Kielbowicz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Cost

For rural Americans, the debate over establishing a parcel post evoked all the hopes and anxieties associated with the expansion of mass society at the turn of the century. Parcel post, today an accepted and seemingly inconsequential government service, was originally seen as a linchpin in the emerging industry of mass culture. The media of mass communication advertised products and ran stories acclimating readers to a consumer society, thereby encouraging demand for mass-produced goods that were distributed, finally, by parcel post. Opponents of parcel post foresaw a decline of small towns, a centralization of production and distribution, a disruption of the ‘natural’ relations among labor, retailers, and consumers, and the aggrandizement of urban culture. At the other extreme, proponents claimed that parcel post would increase consumer choice, reduce the cost of living, and bridge the widening chasm between urban and rural life. Thus, the simple act of carrying a parcel from Chicago to a farmer's lane became freighted with a panoply of issues agitating the nation.

scholarly journals The effect of GST announcement on stock market volatility: evidence from intraday data

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-328
Author(s):  
Razali Haron ◽  
Salami Mansurat Ayojimi
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Market Volatility ◽  
Stock Market Volatility ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Empirical Estimation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Intraday Data ◽  
The Cost

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of GST announcements (pre and post) on Malaysian stock market index. This study also utilised intraday data to look into intraday market volatility post-GST announcement. Design/methodology/approach Both daily closing prices and intraday data of different frequencies are used to capture the extent of stock market volatility as well as the subsided period of the volatility. The period of study ranges from June 2009 to November 2016 and empirical estimation is based on the GARCH (1, 1) model for the pre- and post-GST announcements. Findings Persistent market volatility in the post-GST announcement is empirically recorded and the volatility is higher in the post-GST announcement than the pre-GST announcement. This demonstrates the unwillingness and reaction of the market towards the tax policy implementation. Market expectation on GST implementation towards the increase in the cost of living following the increase in the prices of goods and services in Malaysia is empirically supported in the post-GST announcement. Practical implications The finding on this study is consistent with the expectation of the market that GST implementation will increase the price of the goods and services and hence increase the cost of living. This is supported by a noticeable increase in the stock market volatility in the post-GST announcement. Although GST announcement could be classified as a scheduled announcement, unwillingness to accept the policy prevails as shown by the increase in the stock market volatility. Originality/value The effects of Asian and global financial crisis are the major focus of past studies on stock market volatility, whereas this study examines and highlights the effect of the GST announcement on stock market volatility and the use of intraday data to further examine the nature of the volatility.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH BAHAN BERBAHAYA DAN BERACUN (B3) TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DESA LAKARDOWO KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Yoelanda Ananta Dhevi Wardani ◽  
Muhammad Rusli ◽  
Ambo Upe
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The research aims to determine the impact of hazardous and toxic waste substances (B3) disposal toward the social welfare in Lakardowo village Mojokerto. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection that used is by observation, interview and documentation with 10 people in Lakardowo village. The result of this research is the impact of hazardous and toxic waste substances (B3) disposal toward social welfarestarting from material, social and spiritual, such as reducing the income that hit the majority society as a farmer in Lakardowo village which feel the damage in their agricultural land and increasing the cost of living for clean water. The emerge of Dermatitis or itchy disease that mostly attacks children body as a result of using well water or water sources in Lakardowo village. The rise of conflict between two camps in the society that causing the reduce of spiritual activities and also customs, which make the social welfare in Lakardowo village unfulfilled.

scholarly journals Contemporary Citizenship

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Bryan S. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Work Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Weak State ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Goods And Services

The paper begins with an examination of three ideal types citizenship which are not necessarily mutual exclusive. The first type is national citizenship, typically associated with ethno-nationalism. The second form is social citizenship or ‘welfare citizenship’ refers to the creation of social rights and is closely connected to civil-society institutions rather than to the state or market. The third form of citizenship identifies the citizen with participation in the work force emphasizing self-reliance and autonomy. In this discussion, I argue that with economic globalization and the development of neo-liberal strategies the various forms of citizenship have converged towards a new model of passive citizenship in which the state is or has withdrawn from commitment to full employment and the provision of social security, especially universal provision of welfare services, and civil-society institutions have been eroded. The result is the emergence of the apolitical,isolated citizen as consumer. The fourth model of citizenship presupposes a consumer society, a weak state and the decline of civic institutions, where the passive citizen becomes a consumer of privatized goods and services. The rise of a fourth model of citizenship – the consumer-citizen – can be interpreted as a logical consequence of financialization.1 1 Some aspects of this chapter first appeared in Bryan S. Turner (2010), ‘Ralf Dahrendorf on Citizenship and Life Chances’, Citizenship Studies, 14 (2): 237–43.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF INFLATION ON THE COST OF LIVING IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (09) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Jahaan Singh Oberai ◽  
Deepak Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

An economy may be categorized as developed or developing, but Inflation is something which is common in both the types. Inflation is a phenomenon which cannot be avoided and is therefore a universal problem faced by all economies. If stated in simple terms, inflation is nothing but a constant rise in the prices of goods and services due to certain factors. The article critically examines the impact of inflation on the cost of living in India. All aspects of inflation are discussed in the following article.

A Complete Picture of Spatial Disparity in Cost of Living Index: A Case Study of Pakistan’s Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66
Author(s):  
Farrukh Mahmood ◽  
Shumaila Hashim ◽  
Hina Fatima
Keyword(s):  
National Average ◽  
Spatial Disparity ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Living Index ◽  
Province Level

This study constructed the cost of living index by using all available data on 488 commodities of the 40 cities of Pakistan for the month of May 2019. Empirically, results revealed that there is a statistical difference in the cost of living index among cities from the standard of living. Based on the national average prices, the Islamabad is ranked at first, and Mirpurkhas, a city of Sindh, is at fortieth. Furthermore, Province wise highest cost of living is found in NWFP and lowest in Sindh. By employing national average prices that have aggregation bias; therefore, it is replaced by province-level prices; the ranking among cities within the province is changed. At province average prices, the highest cost of living index is found in Rawalpindi, Karachi, Abbottabad, and Loralai, and the lowest cost of living in Gujranwala, Mirpurkhas, Peshawar and Turbat, for the province of Punjab, Sindh, NWFP, and Baluchistan, respectively. This spatial disparity in the cost of living is mainly due to specific factors of production in a specific city as compare to other; Quetta is known as “fruit garden in Pakistan,” and Khuzdar is an agriculture-based city. Similarly, Karachi and Lahore have (i) high per capita income, and (ii) over-population are the factors of the high cost of living. Hence, in the light of the present study, it is suggested there is no single rule through which disparity in the cost of living can be overcome. Preferably the solution is laying at the micro-level, i.e., the disparity in the cost of living is mainly due to disparity in prices of same goods and services across cities, therefore by controlling prices of goods and services across the cities will suppress this disparity.

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