scholarly journals Classification of Internet memes in realities of 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Kirill Leonidovich Ryzhkov
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The subject of this research is the corpus of the Internet memes of the English-language and Russian-language segments of the Internet. The object is the classification of the Internet memes, the division of relevant memes into the categories on various grounds. The author explores the emergence of new methods of content creation on the Internet, proliferation of popular culture and use of the concept of post-irony, as well as reflection of the latest social and political events in memes. Special attention is given to the detailed analysis of specific examples of the internet memes and their modifications by the users: the format of meme implies variability and possible modification by any content consumer. The main conclusions lies in the highlighted and illustrated examples of the new categories of Internet memes. The author’s special contribution consists in determination of the new categories of memes: post-ironic memes; memes created and spread via TikTok platform; and memes related to the reflection of coronavirus infection and its consequences in popular culture. The novelty of this research is define by classification and description of the aforementioned categories of Internet memes, as well as by outlining the prospects for further expansion of the classification. The article employs the methods of contextual and structural analysis of the corpus of the Internet memes; determines and groups the types of meme variations; and describes the potential for their transformation.

scholarly journals Polarity Classification Tool for Sentiment Analysis in Malay Language

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Normi Sham Awang Abu Bakar ◽  
Ros Aziehan Rahmat ◽  
Umar Faruq Othman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Sentiment Lexicon ◽  
The Social ◽  
Polarity Classification ◽  
Media Channels ◽  
Classification Tool

<p>The popularity of the social media channels has increased the interest among researchers in the sentiment analysis(SA) area. One aspect of the SA research is the determination of the polarity of the comments in the social media, i.e. positive, negative, and neutral. However, there is a scarcity of Malay sentiment analysis tools because most of the work in the literature discuss the polarity classification tool in English. This paper presents the development of a polarity classification tool called Malay Polarity Classification Tool(MaCT). This tool is developed based on the AFINN sentiment lexicon for English language. We have attempted to translate each word in AFINN to its Malay equivalent and later, use the lexicon to collect the sentiment data from Twitter. The Twitter data are then classified into positive, negative, and neutral. For the validation purpose, we collect 400 positive tweets, 400 negative tweets, and 200 neutral tweets, and later, run the tweets through our sentiment lexicon and found 90% score for precision, recall and accuracy. Our main contribution in the research is the new AFINN translation for Malay language and also the classification of the sentiment data.</p>

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF RESOLVING RUSSIAN PHRASE AMPHIBOLOGES USING "INTONTRAINER" SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Lobanov ◽  
◽  
V. A. Zhitko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Numerical Determination ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Visual Comparison ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
The Russian Language

The phenomenon of amphibologies in the Russian language and methods for its resolution, in contrast to the phenomena of verbal homonymy, are still poorly studied. In this paper, it is proposed to distinguish between two classes of amphibologies—amphibole in writing and amphibole in oral speech. The main attention is paid to the consideration of the features of the manifestation of Russian-speaking oral-speech amphibologies called phrasal amphibole. The classification of phrasal amphibologies of Russian speech into the following five types is proposed: syntagmatic, accentual, intonational, verbal and homonymous. It is argued that the main differences in the semantic variants of phrasal amphibologies lie in the field of their prosodic characteristics. At the same time, the intonation of the phrase, described by the features of melodic portraits, plays the most significant role. As a means of visual comparison of melodic portraits of two semantic variants of amphibole, as well as for numerical determination of their differences, the previously developed IntonTrainer system was used.

scholarly journals The role of communicative failures in the creation of Internet memes

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Iryna Sapozhnyk ◽  
Nataliia Tsygan
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
The Creation

The article deals with the notion of communicative failure as one of the key issues in communicative linguistics. The types of communicative failures are examined and the main causes that become a catalyst for the creation of Internet memes are analyzed. Scientists in communicative linguistics mainly explore the processes that help to create the images of a "perfect speaker" or a "perfect listener", since the factors which contribute to successful communication are certainly one of the most important tasks in this field. However, taking into account all the key factors that may influence a communicative act when using a language in the process of real communication, there is always a place for linguistic asymmetry. Therefore, it is not surprising that one of the main issues in communicative linguistics is the phenomenon of communicative failure, its causes and consequences. Having analyzed a certain number of memes according to the generalized classification of F. S. Batsevych in order to identify the main reasons for the Internet memes formation, we conclude that communicative failure is a very popular phenomenon, which occurs constantly and everywhere, where interaction takes place. All types of communicative failures can serve as a background for Internet memes. In our future research, we intend to focus on exploring the strategies and tactics of the communicative act based on English-language Internet memes.

scholarly journals Conceptual representation of mercy in legal texts of the XVII – XVIII centuries (based on the English-language and Russian-language materials)

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Parfenenko
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Comparative Linguistics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Text Understanding ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Similarity And Difference

The subject of this research is the semantics of English and Russian lexemes that represent the conceptual component of the concept of mercy in both languages. The goal of this work consists in determination of similarities and differences of the conceptual attributes of mercy in the English and Russian legal texts of the XVII &ndash; XVIII centuries. The concept of mercy was selected due to insufficient examination of its verbalization in the comparative linguistics. In the course of this research, the author applied comparative method, semantic analysis, quantitative method, and method of modeling, Based on the legal texts of Great Britain and Russia of the XVII &ndash; XVIII centuries, the author determines the composition of core lexemes and their synonyms, which are capable of resembling the conceptual characteristics of mercy in the compared languages. The scientific novelty consists in the establishment of similarity and difference of the conceptual characteristics of mercy in the Russian and English legal texts of a certain period of time. As a result of the conducted analysis, it was revealed that in the English texts of that time, the notional component of the concept represents the core lexemes and synonyms &ldquo;grace&rdquo;, &ldquo;mercy&rdquo;, &ldquo;reprieve&rdquo;, &ldquo;forgiveness&rdquo;, &ldquo;indulgence&rdquo; that are the synonyms of core lexemes, while in the Russian texts this is the core lexeme &ldquo;mercy&rdquo;, and its synonyms &ldquo;grace&rdquo;, &ldquo;clemency&rdquo;, &ldquo;remission&rdquo; and &ldquo;forgiveness&rdquo;. Comparison of composition of the conceptual attributes of mercy in the English and Russian legal texts of the XVII &ndash; XVIII centuries illustrated that they had more differences. Thus, the conceptual attributes of mercy in the English text, understanding of forgiveness as an act of mercy, grace, or&nbsp; manifestation of reprieve from a king or queen; or mercy as an abolition of punishment, benevolence of God, act of leniency and forgiveness for an offence. The conclusion is also made on similarity of the compared languages in perception of mercy as an act of grace from the ruler of the country.

scholarly journals Some linguistic peculiarities of the English and Russian rap texts: a comparative study drawing on the material of texts of grime microgenre

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
A.S. Mukhtarova ◽  
O.A. Alimuradov
Keyword(s):  
Rap Music ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Linguistic Understanding ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the linguistic characteristics of the English- and Russian-language song discourse of the late XXth – early XXIst centuries drawing on the material of music works of rap genre. Today, rap is one of the most popular music genres around the world. This musical genre is developing dynamically, comprehending various aspects of modern life, people’s problems, and therefore it has a fairly wide audience. The topicality of the research is determined by the need to deepen the linguistic understanding of creolized texts, the lacunarity of the concept of genres of polycode texts, as well as a high degree of intertextuality of the studied texts. The English and Russian-language texts of rap music works by such artists as Skepta, Oxxxymiron hae served as the material for the research. The Genius website was the source of the texts. Special attention is paid to the classification of subgenres and microgenres of rap with the allocation of the grime microgenre, which has been taken as the key genre for the study. On the basis of the results of the empirical analysis of the discursive material, the authors claim that the Russian- and English-language grime microgenres have some common and differential features. Common features include the use of precedent names, explicit citations, the use of metaphors, antitheses, repetitions, pun, slangisms, obscene lexis, and edlibs. In the English-language grime, there are no allusions to mythology, biblical text, or other literary works that are frequently present in the tracks of the Russian-speaking artist. The authors conclude that various ways of implementing intertextuality are represented in a wider spectrum in the Russian-language grime than in the English-language grime

scholarly journals Value representation of freedom in the speech of contemporary English-language and Russian-language aging politicians

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sergeevna Grishenkova ◽  
Larisa Georgievna Popova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
English Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Comparative Linguistics ◽  
Process Comparison ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The University

The goal of this work consists in determination of similarities and differences in value characteristics of freedom expressed in the speech of senior age politicians of the United States, United Kingdom and Russia. The subject of this research is the semantics of English and Russian aphorisms that represent value understanding of freedom in the speech of aging politicians of the listed countries. The speech of senior people was selected due to the lack of studies on the matter within comparative linguistics. Based on the material of aphorisms of the famous aging politicians of the United States, United Kingdom and Russia, the author defines the composition of topical units and groups that reflect value understanding of freedom in the English and Russian languages. The scientific novelty lies in the establishment of similarities and differences in value characteristics of freedom in the speech of English-language and Russian-language aging politicians. As a result of the conducted analysis, it was revealed that in the speech of English-language and Russian-language aging politicians, freedom is rarely the topic of discussion, they rather create the own aphorisms and at times utilize aphorisms from the corresponding English and Russian glossaries. Most often, aging politicians discuss the questions related to practical manifestation of freedom, as well as touch upon reflection of the value of freedom as a phenomenon or a process. Comparison of the composition of aphorisms in Russian and English languages demonstrates that they differ for the most part. The author concludes on the specificity of topical units. The acquired results can be applied in the university lectures on comparative lexicology of English and Russian languages.

Conflict and Fake Information in American Political Discourse

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
N. Greydina ◽  
V. Stulov
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conflict Information ◽  
Language Context

The research article represents the notion and term “information warfare” taking into consideration numerous scientific schools and developed interpretations with their further classification. The authors also give their own definition of the notion. The adjective use relevance (“false”) in the Russian language information context is linguistically justified unlike the English language context reflecting the notions “false” and “fake” as suitable ones for the language and speech usage. The notion “conflict information” is introduced as a communicative unit with a high pragmatic potential in the spheres of information and political communication. The notions “fake” and “deep fake” are compared. The pragmatic communicative potential of fake information is clarified and developed. The notions and terms diversity based on “fake information”, “fake news” is pointed out within the research article. The authors’ classification of information fakes with distinguishing the corresponding categories and their communicative analysis is provided. The notion “alternative fact” is analyzed from the communicative point of view and contrastive approach usage. Different means of fake information identification are distinguished.

scholarly journals Definition of Digital Economy for the Purposes of Statistical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
E. N. Klochkova ◽  
P. E. Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
English Language ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Terms

The international agenda for the development of monitoring of digital transformation stimulates the development of a statistical methodology for measuring phenomena and processes in the digital economy. The barrier to the formation of a set of interrelated and comparable indicators of the development of the digital economy is the lack of a definition of this concept that would satisfy all interested parties.To date, experts from various fields of science have proposed a wide range of definitions of the digital economy. Based on the various properties and effects of digitalization, experts characterize the digital economy not only as a phenomenon in economic activity but also as a sociocultural phenomenon. Many of the proposed definitions are theoretical in nature and do not fully satisfy the needs of empirical research.The objective of this study is to formulate a definition of the digital economy for statistical research.Therefore, the authors reviewed the works analyzing various definitions of the digital economy, and, accordingly, the sources that proposed definitions of the digital economy.Due to plethora of digital economy definitions, to reveal the essence of this concept the authors used statistical text analysis (Text Mining) tools, which made it possible to identify a set of key terms defining digital economy. For analysis, was built a text corpus, consisting of 105 English-language and Russian-language definitions taken from various sources, including documents of state strategic planning, publications of international organizations, analytical materials of consulting companies and articles of individual authors.Thus, the study analyzed the concept of the digital economy for the period and nature of origin, and also proposed an approach based on which an operational definition of the digital economy was developed that meets the relevant principles. However, to identify the digital economy as an object of statistical research, along with the proposed definition, it is necessary to develop a classification of elements of the infrastructure of the digital economy, all of which will allow the formation of an agreed system of tatistical indicators.

scholarly journals Elements of Incorporation in the Russian Commercial Naming

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-788
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Perfilieva ◽  
Inna I. Galankina
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to the problem of word formation incorporation in the Russian language. Incorporation is understood as the merger of two or more words into one morphological whole without the participation of word-forming formants, in which the value of the derivative is transformed in relation to the values of the original words. The derivatives of incorporation are called incorporation complexes. Components of incorporated complexes are classified as quasi-morphemes, which are special elements that do not correspond to the classical notion of lexical or word-forming units. A review of scientific papers on incorporation in the languages of the world demonstrates different approaches to this phenomenon and terminological differences in its definition. Incorporation has been a subject of study for more than a century as an essential characteristic of polysynthetic and analytical languages. In relation to inflectional Russian, this phenomenon has not been systematically described, which determines the relevance of the study and its analysis in this article. This linguistic phenomenon in the Russian language is relatively recent and, of course, requires scientific evaluation. The authors set a goal to determine the boundaries of word-formation incorporation in the Russian language and its differences from similar derivational models. The article considers the incorporation on the basis of the Russian commercial name. The material is collected by the method of continuous sampling from Internet sites. Incoporation complexes are selected among commercial names or ergonyms, which are signs of grocery stores, restaurants, cafes and other commercial establishments. As a result of the research, the classification of ergonyms formed according to the incorporated word-formation model in the modern Russian language is developed. The study is of great interest, as it offers an analysis of the trend actively developing in inflectional Russian. The method of contrastive analysis is used to compare similar examples from modern English. Lexical units from the English language have become the object of study, as the models of word formation of the English language are borrowed together with words. A significant group of examples of Russian ergonyms with borrowed components, among which English-language segments predominate, is also highlighted. The presence of incorporation in the Russian language, in particular, in commercial naming is considered as proof of the universality of certain linguistic phenomena in word formation.

scholarly journals Information and Psychological War Linguistics as a Research Project at the Siberian Federal University: Problems and Achievements

2019 ◽  
pp. 1904-1921
Author(s):  
Aleksandr P. Skovorodnikov ◽  
Galina A. Kopnina ◽  
Anastasiia V. Kolmogorova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Public Character ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
War Discourse

The article discusses essential scientific problems within the scope of a young discipline “Information and Psychological War Linguistics” (IPW). These problems are based both on the analytical review of the scientific literature and on the authors’ observations. The following most significant problems of the IPW are defined: definition of the Information and Psychological War; classifications of its aims and objectives that, as a rule, are implicit in the war discourse; relationship between the object and targets of the IPW; hierarchy of targets; definition and systematization of criteria which might be used in order to identify the IPW texts; methodology of these texts analysis; determination of the IPW genre specifics; and classification of its speech strategies and tactics. The paper clarifies the definitions of some terms: Information and Psychological War, Information and Psychological War Linguistics, the object and the target. The following criteria for identifying IPW texts are distinguished: 1) the public character of the text as a focus on the mass addressee’s consciousness; 2) the inclusion of the text in one or another ideological discourse, characterized by its polemical nature and polarity of assessments; 3) the presence in a text of a socially significant political component related to the state power, government and / or people’s economic welfare, which are negatively represented in the IPW; 4) the prevalence in a text of a defamatory evaluative modality as well as the presence or possibility of the appearance of a protective text with a predominant apologetic modality; 5) the presence in a text of some tools specific to the IPW language: practices of speech aggression and / or speech manipulation; 6) more or less long-term repeatability of defamatory assessments in relation to the same target; 7) propaganda of a new value system contradicting the traditional one. These criteria should be taken into account in conjunction. Likewise, there is a problem of changes in the Russian language under the influence of the IPW, including those of a terminological nature

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