Evaluation of the effect of genetically modified Roundup Ready soya bean and MON 810 maize in the diet of Japanese quail on chosen aspects of their productivity and retention of transgenic DNA in tissues

Abstract. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of genetically modified (GM) ingredients (soya bean meal and maize grain) used in poultry diets on birds' performance, as well as the accumulation of the transgenic DNA in eggs, breast muscle and internal organs. In the present experiment four generations of Japanese quails, which were subject to three different diets, two containing genetically modified organisms (GMO, soya and maize) and one GMO-free control, were analysed. Birds' performance traits were monitored along the trial. A screening molecular method – polymerase chain reaction amplification (PCR) – was used to detect CaMV 35S promoter and nos terminator in the collected samples. Results showed no presence of modified DNA in the analysed products. According to the obtained results, it was concluded that there was no negative effect of the use of genetically modified soya bean meal or maize grain found with regard to final product safety for consumers or to birds' productivity.

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The Effect Of Forage Maize Hybrid Type On Site Of Digestion In Sheep

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200002593 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 1999 ◽

pp. 104-104

Author(s):

A. Kamalak ◽

D.S. Parker ◽

H.J. Finlayson ◽

P. Hooper

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Forage Maize ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

The introduction of new forage maize hybrids has provided feed raw materials with a range of nutritional characteristics. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the impact of feeding different hybrids of forage maize on the overall digestibility of feed components and rumen degradability of starch in sheep.Four forage maize hybrids from different sites within the UK[NANCIS(A) and EMA(B)] and France[Hybrid 6196 High Oil (C) and Volgata Waxy(D)] were ensiled in sealed drums with no additives. The resultant silages were used as the basis for a digestibility trial using four fistulated Suffolk X wethers in a 4 X 4 factorial design. Sheep were fed twice daily with total intake of 900 g DM of silage plus 150g Soya Bean Meal. After an adaptation period (21d) a 5 day total collection of faeces was carried out followed by a rumen degradability study.

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PSVII-35 Late-Breaking Abstract: Microwave heat treatment feed effect on ruminal degradability and intestinal protein digestibility - a brief review

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.607 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 342-343

Author(s):

Md Safiqur Rahaman Shishir ◽

Muhammad Jamal Khan ◽

Hassan Khanaki ◽

Graham Brodie ◽

Brendan Cullen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Canola Meal ◽

Canola Seed ◽

Intestinal Protein ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Soya Bean Meal

Abstract Rumen degradability of crude protein (CP) of feed is a major factor that determines the utilization of CP in ruminant production. This study briefly reviewed the findings from six international studies of microwave (MW) heat treatment effect on feed CP rumen degradability and intestinal CP digestibility. Six in vitro studies of concentrate feed (canola seed, canola meal, soya bean meal, cottonseed meal, corn, and barley) showed a decrease in effective rumen degradability of dry matter and protein by 4–40% and 17–40%, respectively compared to control group (untreated concentrate feed). Among the six studies, four studies identified the MW heat treatment effect on intestinal protein digestibility. Due to MW heat treatment, canola seed, canola meal, soya bean meal, and cottonseed meal showed an increase in intestinal CP digestibility by 17%, 20%, 21%, and 19%, respectively. Overall the briefly reviewed studies showed that, MW heat treatment substantially reduced feed CP ruminal degradability and increased in vitro CP digestibility of ruminally undegraded CP.

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Evaluation of rumen protected rapeseed expeller (NovaPro) as an alternative to soya bean meal in dairy cow diets

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114816 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 114816

Author(s):

Philip C. Garnsworthy ◽

Neil Saunders ◽

Jennifer R. Goodman ◽

Michael Marsden

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cow ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal

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Responses of lactating ewes, offered fresh herbage indoors and when grazing, to supplements containing differing protein concentrations

Animal Production ◽

10.1017/s0003356100019012 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 403-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

P. D. Penning ◽

R. J. Orr ◽

T. T. Treacher

Keyword(s):

Body Condition ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Protein Supplements ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal ◽

Lamb Growth ◽

Daily Milk

ABSTRACTThe responses to supplements differing in protein concentration and degradability were measured in lactating ewes and their twin lambs when offered fresh ryegrass either cut or grazed. Housed Scottish Halfbred ewes, offered fresh-cut grass ad libitum received no supplement (N) or supplements with barley and maize starch (B); barley and soya-bean meal (S); barley, soya-bean meal and fish meal (SF) or barley and fish meal (F) in weeks 2 to 7 of lactation. By feeding supplements, herbage organic-matter (OM) intake was depressed (2·00 v. 1·74 kg/day). Mean daily milk yield was increased when protein supplements were given and, because milk protein concentration was higher for supplement F and similar for all other diets, mean daily milk protein output increased with increasing fish meal in the diet. Milk yields were N 2·55, B 2·59, S 3·17, SF 3·15 and F 3·17 kg/day. Total milk solids and fat concentrations were also higher for S, SF and F than N or B. Lambs from ewes supplemented with protein grew faster and the ewes generally lost less weight and body condition compared with unsupplemented ewes.At pasture, Masham ewes grazed at herbage allowances of either 4 (L) or 10 (H) kg OM per day and received no supplement (N) or supplements B or F, for the first 6 weeks of lactation and then, in weeks 7 to 12, grazed without supplements. For NL, BL, FL, NH, BH and FH respectively lamb growth rates from birth to 6 weeks were 235, 242, 274, 267, 286 and 302 g/day; from birth to 12 weeks were 210, 209, 249, 255, 275 and 287 g/day and losses in ewe body-condition score from birth to 12 weeks were 1·28, 1·22, 1·06, 0·97, 0·62 and 0·76.It is concluded that protein supplements increased milk yield and lamb growth rates and that the response tended to be greater with fish meal.

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The digestion by cattle of silage-containing diets fed at two dry matter intakes

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19850133 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 483-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

H. A. Greife ◽

J. A. Rooke ◽

D. G. Armstrong

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Glutamic Acid ◽

Amino Acid Composition ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Rumen Bacteria ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal

1. In a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment four cows were given, twice daily, diets consisting of (g/kg dry matter (DM)) 500 barley, 400 grass silage and 100 soya-bean meal. The diets were given at either 1.15 (L) or 2.3 (H) times maintenance energy requirements and the soya-bean meal was either untreated (U) or formaldehyde (HCH0)-treated (T).2. The passage of digesta to the duodenum was estimated using chromic oxide as a flow marker;35S was used to estimate the amount of microbial protein entering the small intestine. A microbial fraction was prepared by differential centrifugation from duodenal digesta. Samples of bacteria and of protozoa from rumen digesta were also prepared.3. The total amino acid contents of feedingstuffs, duodenal digesta, duodenal microbial material, rumen bacteria and rumen protozoa were determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The D-alanine and D-glutamic acid contents of the samples were determined by gas–liquid chromatography.4. The quantity of each amino acid entering the small intestine was significantly (P < 0,001) increased by increasing DM intake and tended to be increased by formaldehyde-treatment of the soya-bean meal. There were net losses of all amino acids across the forestomachs except for lysine, methione, o-alanine and D-glutamic acid for which there were net gains.5. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in amino acid composition between rumen bacteria and duodenal microbial material; differences in amino acid composition between rumen bacteria and rumen protozoa were also observed.6. D-Alanine and D-glutamic acid were present in the silage but not in the barley or either of the soya-bean meals. All samples of microbes and digesta contained D-alanine and D-glutamic acid.7. The use of D-ahine and D-glUtamiC acid as markers for microbial nitrogen entering the small intestine was assessed. Estimates of the quantities of microbial N entering the small intestine based on the D-alanine or D-glutamic acid contents of rumen bacteria or duodenal microbes were significantly higher than those determined using 35S as a marker.

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The effect of feeding high levels of low-quality proteins to growing chickens

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114575000426 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 363-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

E. Wetnli ◽

T. R. Morris ◽

T. P. Shresta

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Maximum Efficiency ◽

Food Utilization ◽

The Third ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Groundnut Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal

1. Three growth trials were done using male broiler chicks. In the first two trials, groundnut meal was used, with and without supplementary methionine and lysine. In the third trial, soya-bean meal was used with and without supplementary methionine. Protein levels ranged in the first trial from 120 to 420 g/kg diet and in the third trial from 120 to 300 g/kg diet. Thus the assumed minimal amino acid requirements of the chick were supplied by high levels of low-quality dietary protein.2. Diets based on cereals and groundnut meal did not support maximum live-weight gain or maximum efficiency of food utilization at any level of dietary protein. When the principal deficiencies of lysine and methionine were corrected, this protein mixture was capable of supporting the same growth rate as a control diet of cereals and herring meal.3. Diets based on maize and soya-bean meal did not support quite the same growth rate as similar diets supplemented with methionine, even though the protein level in the unsupplemented diets was sufficient to meet the assumed methionine requirements.4. These results are interpreted as examples of amino acid imbalance in diets composed of familiar feeding-stuffs. It is concluded that one cannot assume that the poor quality of a protein source can always be offset by increasing the concentration of dietary protein.

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Methionine sulphoxide as a source of sulphur-containing amino acids for the young rat

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19770010 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 93-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Anne U. Gjøen ◽

L. R. Njaa

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Male Rats ◽

Curvilinear Relationship ◽

Casein Diet ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal ◽

Effect On Growth

1. Young male rats were used in five experiments to study the utilization for growth of methionine sulphoxide, and the relationship between the sulphoxide content in the diet and the level of microbiologically determined methionine activity in blood or blood plasma. In one nitrogen-balance experiment methionine and methionine sulphoxide were compared as supplements to a casein diet and a fish-meal diet.2. Methionine sulphoxide was poorly utilized for growth when tested as the sole sulphur amino acid in an amino acid diet. Substitution of one-third of the sulphoxide with cystine improved utilization so that it approached that of methionine.3. Methionine alone and in combination with methionine sulphoxide were added to a soya-bean-meal diet. The sulphoxide showed no adverse effect on growth.4. Fish meal in which methionine had been oxidized to methionine sulphoxide was tested alone and in combinations with unoxidized fish meal. Only when the oxidized meal was given alone was there an appreciable effect on growth. The fish meals used were low in cystine.5. Whereas both methionine and methionine sulphoxide improved the N balance when a casein diet was given, there was no effect when a fish-meal diet was given.6. There was a linear relationship between methionine sulphoxide content in the amino acid diets and the methionine activity in the blood plasma. Methionine sulphoxide added to a soya-bean-meal diet or present in oxidized fish meal gave a curvilinear relationship, and the observed activities were lower than with the amino acid diets. Methionine activity in blood could not be used as an indicator of moderate amounts of methionine sulphoxide in protein-containing diets.

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Intensive beef production 5. The effect of different sources of protein on nitrogen retention

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100025757 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 303-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

H. B. Bowers ◽

T. R. Preston ◽

N. A. MacLeod ◽

I. McDonald ◽

Euphemia B. Philip

Keyword(s):

Cottonseed Meal ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Voluntary Feed Intake ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal ◽

Different Sources

SUMMARY1. Nitrogen balance studies were made on 8 Friesian steers given allconcentrate diets containing fish meal, soya bean meal, groundnut meal or cottonseed meal.2. There were no differences in nitrogen retention but voluntary feed intake was significantly lower on the fish meal diet.3. Adjustment of nitrogen retention to constant dry matter intake resulted in significantly higher values for the diets containing fish meal and cottonseed meal than for the others.4. Rumen pH, rumen ammonia and blood urea were all much lower on the fish meal diet.

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Nutrition of the early-weaned calf. IX. Nitrogen retention from different protein sources in calves fed ad libitum

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100037697 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 43-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

M. Kay ◽

T. R. Preston ◽

N. A. MacLeod ◽

Euphemia B. Philip

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Distillers Grains ◽

Protein Sources ◽

Dried Distillers Grains ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Groundnut Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal

1. Nitrogen balance studies were conducted on 8 early-weaned calves fed on four diets containing respectively Peruvian fish meal, soya bean meal, groundnut meal and dried distillers grains as the major sources of protein.2. Nitrogen retention differed significantly between diets, being highest on the fish meal diet, and lowest on the groundnut diet.

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Maternal influences on post-weaning piglet growth and anti-soya bean meal antibodies

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200595015 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1997 ◽

pp. 60-60

Author(s):

J. A. Rooke ◽

H. Fraser ◽

M. Shanks

Keyword(s):

Causative Factor ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Maternal Influence ◽

Current Experiment ◽

Weaned Piglets ◽

Maternal Influences ◽

Vegetable Proteins ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Piglet Growth ◽

Soya Bean Meal

Vegetable proteins, including soya-bean meal (SBM), can only be included in diets for newly-weaned piglets in restricted amounts as they can induce a transient local gut hypersensitivity. This hypersensitivity may be a causative factor in post-weaning diarrhoea. Previous studies have indicated a strong maternal influence on the response of piglets to SBM. The object of the current experiment was to assess more formally maternal influences on weaning performance of piglets

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