scholarly journals Impact of government policies on Sustainable Petroleum Supply Chain (SPSC): A case study – Part II (The State of Nebraska)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davoud Ghahremanlou ◽  
Wieslaw Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Impact ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
York County ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The accompanying part I (Ghahremanlou and Kubiak 2020) developed the Lean Model (LM), a two-stage stochastic programming model which incorporates Renewable Fuel Standard 2 (RFS2), Tax Credits, Tariffs, and Blend Wall (BW), to study the policy impact on the Sustainable Petroleum Supply Chain (SPSC) using cellulosic ethanol. The model enables us to study the impact by running computational experiments more efficiently and consequently by arriving at robust managerial insights much faster. In this paper, we present a case study of the policy impact on the SPSC in the State of Nebraska using the model. The case study uses available real-life data. The study shows that increasing RFS2 does not impact the amount of ethanol blended with gasoline but it might lead to bankruptcy of the refineries. We recommend that the government consider increasing the BW because of its positive economic, environmental and social impacts. For the same reason, we recommend that the tax credit for blending the US produced ethanol with gasoline be at least 0:189 $/gal and the tariff for imported ethanol be at least 1:501 $/gal. These also make the State independent from foreign ethanol thereby enhancing its energy security. Finally, the change in policy impacts the SPSC itself, most importantly it influences the strategic decisions, however setting up a bio-refinery at York county and a blending site at Douglas county emerge as the most robust location decisions against the policy change in the study.

scholarly journals Impact of government policies on Sustainable Petroleum Supply Chain (SPSC): A case study – Part I (Models)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davoud Ghahremanlou ◽  
Wieslaw Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
General Model ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Impact ◽  
Renewable Fuel Standard ◽  
Stochastic Programming Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Environmental concerns and energy security have led governments to establish legislations to convertConventional Petroleum Supply Chain (CPSC) to Sustainable Petroleum Supply Chain (SPSC). The United States(US), one of the biggest oil consumers in the world, has created regulations to manage ethanol production and con-sumption for the last half century. Though these regulations have created new opportunities, they have also added newburdens to the obligated parties. It is thus key for the government, the obligated parties, and related businesses to studythe impact of the policies on the SPSC. We develop a two-stage stochastic programming model, General Model (GM),which incorporates Renewable Fuel Standard 2 (RFS2), Tax Credits, Tariffs, and Blend Wall (BW) to study the policyimpact on the SPSC using cellulosic ethanol. The model, as any other general model available in the literature, makesit highly impractical to study the policy impact due to the model’s computational complexity. We use the GM to derivea Lean Model (LM) to study the impact by running computational experiments more efficiently and consequently byarriving at robust managerial insights much faster. We present a case study of the policy impact on the SPSC in theState of Nebraska using the LM in the accompanying part II (Ghahremanlou and Kubiak 2020).

Integrated Multimodal Transportation Model for a Switchgrass-Based Bioethanol Supply Chain: Case Study in North Dakota

2017 ◽  
Vol 2628 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Shin Park ◽  
Joseph Szmerekovsky ◽  
Atif Osmani ◽  
N. Muhammad Aslaam
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Multimodal Transport ◽  
The Impact

In this study, a mixed integer linear programming model that integrates multimodal transport—truck and rail—into the switchgrass-based bioethanol supply chain was formulated. The objective of this study was to minimize the total cost for cultivation and harvesting, infrastructure, the storage process, bioethanol production, and transportation. Strategic decisions, including the number and location of intermodal facilities and biorefineries, and tactical decisions, such as the amount of biomass shipped, processed, and converted into bioethanol, were validated by using North Dakota as a case study. It was found that the multimodal transport scenario was more cost effective than a single mode of transport (truck) and resulted in a lower cost for bioethanol. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to demonstrate the impact of key factors in the decision to use multimodal transport in a switchgrass-based bioethanol supply chain and on the cost of bioethanol.

scholarly journals A Research on Fresh-Keeping Strategies for Fresh Agricultural Products from the Perspective of Green Transportation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Guangshu Xu ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Yongsheng Liu ◽  
Chia-Huei Wu ◽  
Sang-Bing Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Investment Level ◽  
Green Transportation ◽  
The Impact

This paper studies the impact of fresh-keeping effort (FKE) investment strategies from the perspective of green transportation on a fresh-product supply chain (FSC) system for the purpose of reducing the emission of harmful gases and waste of resources. A supplier–buyer structure in an FSC system is modeled under two approaches consisting of the fixed FKE model and the variable FKE model. Then the paper analyzes the effect of optimal FKE level on retailer’s profit and product freshness under two different approaches, and finds that there is space to be improved in the two approaches which were further optimized. Finally, the proposed models are approved with a dataset from a real-life case study. Under the above two approaches, not only profits can be increased in retail enterprises but also the freshness level of fresh agricultural products (FAP) can be improved and reduced the consumption of resources. The results show that there is an optimal investment level of FKE under different strategies, and the maximum profit could be obtained by keeping fresh at this level. Moreover, the fixed FKE will not increase the average freshness of fresh produce in a sales cycle, and the adjusted FKE can effectively improve the average freshness.

scholarly journals Legal Steps to Secure the Tobacco Supply Chain: A Case Study of Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2055
Author(s):  
Łukasz Balwicki ◽  
Michal Stoklosa ◽  
Małgorzata Balwicka-Szczyrba ◽  
Jeffrey Drope
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Administrative Burden ◽  
Tobacco Tax ◽  
The Government

The threat of tobacco tax evasion and avoidance is the most commonly mentioned argument against tax hikes. Increasingly, the focus of legislators is on leaks in the tobacco crop supply chain, in which raw or cured tobacco that was never taxed finds its way to smokers. To study the process undertaken by Poland to secure the tobacco supply chain, we analyzed the 2013–2018 legislation around tobacco supply and interviewed a key stakeholder in the Government of Poland. We found that farmers and intermediary entities can trade tobacco only if registered with the government. Farmers are required to report the size of their fields and the weight of their crops to the state authorities. Each purchase within the supply chain is also reported by both the seller and the buyer for cross-validation. This has prevented manipulation within the system, while the mere threat of heavy fines related to an excise tax law violation and/or the administrative burden associated with becoming an excise tax payer (had the violation been prosecuted) has significantly contributed to securing the tobacco supply chain. The experience of Poland demonstrates that securing the tobacco supply chain is complicated but also a tractable problem. This case can be widely applicable to other countries.

scholarly journals Property Title, Formal Credit Access and Business Expansion

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Okon
Keyword(s):  
Government Agency ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Land Title ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The cardinal objective of this study is to examine the impact of Land Title Document on credit access and business growth.  A case study was applied on Nasarawa state, Nigeria to better understand the phenomenon been researched. Information was gathered from the field through face-to-face interviews and through the administering of questionnaire among business operators in some selected towns. The research revealed that a large proportion of respondents do not have Land Title Document to their business premises and that they have never made a request for it from government agency before. 60.00% of respondents’ responded that the duration of the processing of the document takes months/years.  44.52% of respondents reported that never have banks made request for  the document before granting loan facilities while  30.24%  of respondents’ indicated ‘yes, often’. From the responses, 40.47% of respondents were of the view that possession of ‘C of O’ document will not enhance their capital based and business expansion. The views of the respondents suggest that delay is a major problem in the processing of Land Title Document. Among the reasons cited for the delays are problems with documentation and legal issues. A reasonable percentage of respondents (31.43%) were of the view that the cost of obtaining ‘C of C’ is high and difficult in the State. A suggested solution is that the government agency handling this document should be reorganize and the steps required to obtain this document should be reduced and made uniform within the State.

Prinsip Kearifan Lokal dalam Pengembangan Strategi Kehumasan pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-248
Author(s):  
Betty Tresnawaty
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
West Java ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Relations Strategy

Public Relations of the Bandung Regency Government realizes that its area has a lot of potential for various local wisdom and has a heterogeneous society. This study aims to explore and analyze the values of local knowledge in developing public relations strategies in the government of Bandung Regency, West Java province. This study uses a constructivist interpretive (subjective) paradigm through a case study approach. The results showed that the Bandung Regency Government runs its government based on local wisdom. Bandung Regency Public Relations utilizes local insight and the region's potential to develop a public relations strategy to build and maintain a positive image of Bandung Regency. The impact of this research is expected to become a source of new scientific references in the development of public relations strategies in every region of Indonesia, which is very rich with various philosophies.Humas Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung menyadari wilayahnya memiliki banyak potensi kearifan lokal yang beragam, serta memiliki masyarakatnya yang heterogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali dan menganalisis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam pengembangan strategi kehumasan di pemerintahan Kabupaten Bandung provinsi Jawa Barat.  Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma interpretif (subjektif) konstruktivis melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Kabupaten (Pemkab) Bandung menjalankan pemerintahannya berlandaskan pada kearifal lokal. Humas Pemkab Bandung memanfaatkan kearifan lokal dan potensi wilayahnya untuk mengembangkan strategi humas dalam membangun dan mempertahankan citra positif Kabupaten Bandung.Dampak penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi sumber rujukan ilmiah baru dalam pengembangan strategi kehumasan di setiap daerah Indonesia yang sangat kaya dengan beragam filosofi. 

Financial and monetary policy of the State and its impact on the income level and poverty reduction in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-990
Author(s):  
N.I. Kulikov ◽  
V.L. Parkhomenko ◽  
Akun Anna Stefani Rozi Mobio
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. We assess the impact of tight financial and monetary policy of the government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on the level of household income and poverty reduction in Russia. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of financial and monetary policy in Russia and determine why the situation with household income and poverty has not changed for the recent six years, and the GDP growth rate in Russia is significantly lagging behind the global average. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis of scientific and information base, and synthesis of obtained data. The methodology and theoretical framework draw upon works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and financial support to economy and population’s income. Results. We offer measures for liberalization of the financial and monetary policy of the government and the Central Bank to ensure changes in the structure of the Russian economy. The proposed alternative economic and financial policy of the State will enable the growth of real incomes of the population, poverty reduction by half by 2024, and annual GDP growth up to 6 per cent. Conclusions. It is crucial to change budget priorities, increase the salaries of public employees, introduce a progressive tax rate for individuals; to reduce the key rate to the value of annual inflation and limit the bank margin. The country needs a phased program to increase the population's income, which will ensure consumer demand.

The impact of business tourism clustering on the regional economy's development: A Greater Moscow case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1397-1414
Author(s):  
K.S. Golondarev
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article explores the issues of business tourism clustering in Greater Moscow. Objectives. The article intends to justify the need to create a business tourism cluster in Greater Moscow to improve the investment climate in the region. Methods. For the study, I used a multivariate analysis, forecasting, and extrapolation. Results. The article shows a certain relationship between the efficient functioning of the business tourism cluster and the economy's development. Conclusions and Relevance. Certain types of tourist clusters can serve as platforms for attracting investors and implementing marketing plans. The business tourism cluster is a link between buyers and sellers in various industries. The results of the study can be used to improve the effectiveness of the cluster initiative in business tourism, as well as find ways of cooperation between the State and private investors when creating the business tourism cluster in Greater Moscow.

scholarly journals Research on Closed-Loop Supply Chain Decision-Making in Different Cooperation Modes with Government’s Reward-Penalty Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6425
Author(s):  
Quanxi Li ◽  
Haowei Zhang ◽  
Kailing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Stackelberg Game ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Transfer Payment ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Asymmetry Of Information ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

In closed-loop supply chains (CLSC), manufacturers, retailers, and recyclers perform their duties. Due to the asymmetry of information among enterprises, it is difficult for them to maximize efficiency and profits. To maximize the efficiency and profit of the CLSC, this study establishes five cooperation models of CLSC under the government‘s reward–penalty mechanism. We make decisions on wholesale prices, retail prices, transfer payment prices, and recovery rates relying on the Stackelberg game method and compare the optimal decisions. This paper analyzes the impact of the government reward-penalty mechanism on optimal decisions and how members in CLSC choose partners. We find that the government’s reward-penalty mechanism can effectively increase the recycling rate of used products and the total profit of the closed-loop supply chain. According to the calculation results of the models, under the government’s reward-penalty mechanism, the cooperation can improve the CLSC’s used products recycling capacity and profitability. In a supply chain, the more members participate in the cooperation, the higher profit the CLSC obtain. However, the cooperation mode of all members may lead to monopoly, which is not approved by government and customers.

scholarly journals A Framework for Assessing the Value of RFID Implementation by Tier-One Suppliers to Major Retailers

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Dharmaraj Veeramani ◽  
Jenny Tang ◽  
Alfonso Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Data Capture ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
The Impact

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a rapidly evolving technology for automatic identification and data capture of products. One of the barriers to the adoption of RFID by organizations is difficulty in assessing the potential return on investment (ROI). Much of the research and analyses to date of ROI in implementing RFID technology have focused on the benefits to the retailer. There is a lack of a good understanding of the impact of RFID at upper echelons of the supply chain. In this paper, we present a framework and models for assessing the value of RFID implementation by tier-one suppliers to major retailers. We also discuss our real-life application of this framework to one of Wal-Mart’s top 100 suppliers

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