scholarly journals Investigating the Use of Ancient Fertility Themes in Malcolm Bradbury’s Eating People Is Wrong

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Noureddine Friji
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Academic Novel ◽  
Modes Of Thought

Employing James George Frazer’s anthropological book The Golden Bough (1890) as a theoretical background, this paper examines the ways in which Malcolm Bradbury’s academic novel Eating People Is Wrong (1959) builds on ancient fertility rituals to delineate the divide between past and present moods and modes of thought and to illuminate the emotional and intellectual sterility afflicting the modern academy and its population. It will be clear that although their names and conduct resonate with echoes of the celebrations and rites of savage tribes and subsequent societies, Bradbury’s characters fail to enact the roles of ancient fertility divinities and to maintain the essential flavour of remote antiquity’s culture. This is best illustrated by the vain attempts of a number of ardent suitors to marry the leading but misleading character Emma Fielding, a latter-day fertility goddess who heartlessly hurts their hearts. While ancient fertility goddesses’ suitors or consorts were concerned about the welfare of the community on the whole, alongside their own welfare, their modern counterparts merely seek to enhance their narrow interests. Predictably, all the characters in the novel finish up helpless and hopeless. Finally, grounded on the premise that scholarly disciplines tend to crisscross in a mutually enriching manner, this investigation aims to prove how helpful it is for Bradbury to explore the academic soul and soil through the employment of studies from other fields and how interesting it is for the researcher to spot out this cultural trend and to bring it to the attention of the reader.

scholarly journals UNBEATEN TRACKS IN JAPAN : LETTER I Tinjauan Women Travellers and Travel Writing

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Akmal Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Travel Writing ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Way

This research aims to show the influences of the power of discourse: genre, gender, and colonialism in Unbeaten Tracks in Japan by Isabella Lucy Bird. Some travel writing’s paradigms were used as theoretical background in this research, such Sara Mills and Carl Thompson. As an object of the research, the novel became the source of primary data. Another historical and cultural literary and also literary review of Unbeaten Tracks in Japan as secondary data. The result of the research examined that contestation of discourses implied the way of the author to preserve his stories.

scholarly journals Vidas secas e o ensaio de interpretação social: uma comparação com Os sertões / Vidas secas and the Social Interpretation Essay: A Comparison with Os sertões

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Ricardo Pedrosa Alves
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Social Perspective ◽  
Institutional Violence ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
The Social ◽  
Os Sertoes ◽  
Euclides Da Cunha

Resumo: O artigo analisa de modo comparativo o romance Vidas secas, de Graciliano Ramos, e o ensaio de interpretação social Os sertões, de Euclides da Cunha. Através da comparação das estratégias compositivas e narrativas presentes nos dois livros, como o “narrador sincero” de Os sertões e o uso do indireto livre em Vidas secas, o artigo mostra aproximações e diferenças entre os dois clássicos brasileiros. Também são comparadas as perspectivas intelectuais que orientam o romance e o ensaio, no cientificismo de Euclides da Cunha e na perspectiva sociologicamente crítica adotada por Graciliano Ramos. O artigo ressalta as diferenças também na perspectiva social dos autores, através da análise da representação da violência institucional do Estado nas duas obras. As análises foram realizadas com o apoio de discussões presentes em Willi Bolle, Luís Bueno, Antonio Candido, Miriam Gárate e Luiz Costa Lima, entre outros.Palavras-chave: Vidas secas; Os sertões; ensaio de interpretação social; narrador sincero; indireto livre.Abstract: The article compares Graciliano Ramos’ novel Vidas secas and Euclides da Cunha’s essay on social interpretation Os sertões. By comparing the compositional strategies and the narratives present in both books, such as “the sincere narrator” in Os sertões and the use of free indirect speech in Vidas secas, the article shows approximations and differences between the two Brazilian classic works. The intellectual perspectives that guide the novel and the essay are also compared, analysing Euclides da Cunha’s scientificism and in the sociologically critical perspective adopted by Graciliano Ramos. The article also highlights the differences in the social perspective of the authors, analysing the representation of the institutional violence performed by the State in both works. The present analysis took as theoretical background the works by Willi Bolle, Luis Bueno, Antonio Candido, Miriam Gárate and Luiz Costa Lima.Keywords: Vidas secas; Os sertões; social interpretation essay; sincere narrator; free indirect speech.

scholarly journals INTELLECTUALS IN THE FACE OF HISTORIC TURMOIL: “THE REVENGE OF THE PRINTER” BY STANISLAV ROSOVETSKYJ AS ACADEMIC FICTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (93) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
О.В. Блашків
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Biography ◽  
Academic Novel ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Times ◽  
Renaissance Man ◽  
Academic Fiction

Since mid-twentieth century the academic novel has been treated in English literary criticism as a separate literary genre centered on the life of professors. Often the action takes place on and outside of campus, revealing the professors’ private concerns. Satire is a characteristic feature of academic novels, which usually drives the action. In these novels university appears as a “microcosm of society at large.” Even though the academic novel is an emerging genre in Ukrainian literature, there are texts which fall into this category. In the article the author analyzes “The Revenge of the Printer” by Stanislav Rosovetskyj as academic fiction. The novel has two plot lines, one of which is set in late 1580s in the times of Ivan Fedorov, another is set in the summer of 1991. The plot lines are joined by the setting, which is St. Onuphrius Monastery in Lviv, which in the twentieth century was turned into the museum of book-printing. The novel has the following features of the academic fiction: the main setting and the object of satire is theIvanFedorovMuseum, a cloistered institution like the university campus; the protagonist Shalva Bukviani is an academic and a professor of history facing the choice to leave the institution or to conform to the changing ideology. Collectively, these characteristics allow to define the main theme as the role of individual in the times of historical turmoil. Special attention is paid to the image of Fedorov, whose life in the novel is portrayed as a literary biography, based on research of contemporary Ukrainian historians alternative to the Soviet narrative. Due to the image of Fedorov as “Renaissance man” in the novel, the image of contemporary scholar appears as Sick Soul (M. Andryczyk), “a small Soviet man” unable to engage in protection of cultural heritage in the time of sociopolitical change.

EFSA under Revision: Transparency and Sustainability in the Food Chain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Leone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
European Food Safety Authority ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Member States ◽  
Management Structure

Abstract In a time of structural challenges to the integrity, validity, and reliability of science, the new Regulation 2019/1381 aims to rethink the risk assessment phase for greater transparency and sustainability in the food chain. The novel set of provisions calls, inter alia, for Member States’ and civil society’s involvement in the management structure and scientific panels of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Using the European process of ‘agencification’ as a theoretical background, this analysis addresses which problems the reformed legal framework aims to solve as regards EFSA’s governance and which new questions it simultaneously brings to the forefront.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF POWER DYNAMICS AND IDENTITY CRISIS IN SORAYYA KHAN’S CITY OF SPIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Shaista Shahzadi ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Rao Akmal Ali ◽  
Asmat A. Sheikh ◽  
Mehnaz Kousar
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Political Novel ◽  
Identity Crises ◽  
Power Tracing

Purpose of the study: This study investigates the identity crises and power relations drawing upon Michel Foucault's theory of power tracing the impacts of power dynamics. The study investigates how power dynamics operate in the novel; what is the nature of these power relations; and how the mode of resistance emerges and in what ways by keeping the concept of power and identity by Michel Foucault. Methodology: This part follows the qualitative method in which Sorayya Khan’s City of Spies is analyzed through Foucault's theory of power. The theoretical background of this research is drawn from the concept of Power which is running in all works of Foucault. Main Findings: This study has examined the novel from a Foucauldian perspective, which posits that Power is everywhere and it comes from everywhere. For him, it is Power which/that shapes everything whether it is Truth or Identity. Foucault sees power as all-around invisibility that exposes rather than encloses like the panopticon. The society he believes works as a panopticon in which the power effectively induces in the subjects a state of conscious and permanent visibility that assures the automatic functioning of power. Applications of this study: This study can be applied to power dynamics literature. Novelty/Originality of this study: The current interpretation of the novel only sees it as a bildungsroman i.e., as a journey of a girl around the political reality of her era. This present study strives to change it by investigating through the lens of power dynamics and its consequent effect on consciousness leading to an identity crisis. The present study will strengthen the interpretation of the novel as a political novel and will illustrate the effects of the political on the human psyche.

scholarly journals Transformaties van de Argonautenmythe in de roman Een vreemde stam heeft mij geroofd van Willem Brakman

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Đokanović
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
Original Story

Transformations of the myth of the Argonauts in the novel Een vreemde stam heeft mij geroofd by Willem BrakmanThe following article deals with the transformation of the myth of Jason and the Argonauts in the novel Een vreemde stam heeft mij geroofd 1992 written by Willem Brakman. The legend of the Argonauts tells about a mythical journey in quest of the Golden Fleece. Working on his own version, Brakman relied on the epic poem The Argonautica written in the 3rd century BC by Apollonius of Rhodes. Brakman rewrote the myth of the Argonauts by placing the action in 20th-century Netherlands. The research aim is to discover in what way Brakman transforms the original story as set in The Argonautica and to compare these two versions. Brakman’s novel differs from the original in the changes to the plot or characters. Moreover, he combines the legend of the Argonauts with other mythical stories such as that of Oedipus, Odysseus, Theseus. Gérard Genette’s theory of intertextuality serves as the theoretical background of the article.

scholarly journals Mother Nature in Silko’s Yellow Woman : An Ecofeminist Dimension

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Olfa Gandouz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Mother Nature ◽  
Female Protagonist ◽  
Postmodern Novel ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Ecofeminism is a term coined by Françoise D’Eubonne in her book Feminism or Death (1974) to show the affinities between ecology and feminism. Both women and nature are perceived as passive elements and like women who complain about patriarchal constraints, ecologists shed light on the impacts of human exploitation over nature which is affected by pollution. Some dimensions of ecofeminism are present in Leslie Marmon Silko’s The Yellow Woman (1981). The postmodern novel contains a female character who forges a link with the natural surroundings and is in a direct contact with some natural elements like plants and animals. What is specific about the heroine is that she escapes her matriarchal society and goes back to nature in order to reconstruct her identity. At the end of the narrative, the female narrator leaves the natural setting and goes back to her family to replay social roles. The present article sets out to study the importance of Mother Nature for the female narrator and to examine the affinities between Earth Mother and the female protagonist. The first part will offer a theoretical background about the basic principles of ecofeminism. Then, my analysis will touch upon the aspects of ecofeminism in the novel. However, the last part will focus on the way the narrator goes beyond her matriarchal culture and reshapes female identity.

scholarly journals Initiated into Subordination. On Joyce Carol Oates’s I’ll Take You There

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-260
Author(s):  
Anna Zawadzka
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Joyce Carol Oates ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Academic Novel

Abstract The article proposes a sociological reading of the novel I’ll Take You There by Joyce Carol Oates. Though the book can be classified as an initiation novel, it also constitutes an accusation of the very procedure of initiation as forcing individuals to agree and adapt to unfair social mechanisms. The context of the protagonist’s struggles is provided by the social structure of the early-1960s United States, with its inherent misogyny, anti-Semitism, racism and classism. All these factors shape her destiny in accordance with the logic of social reproduction. A destiny of overwhelming power of allocation, which the heroine is trying to resist. As an academic novel, I’ll Take You There is also an insightful deconstruction of the universalism preached within the Western academic world, and especially philosophy.

EAP-Actuators with Improved Actuation Capabilities for Construction Elements with Controllable Stiffness

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Henke ◽  
Jörg Sorber ◽  
Gerald Gerlach
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Electroactive Polymers ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spring Stiffness ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Nonlinear Spring ◽  
Highly Nonlinear

This contribution considers an actuator based on Electroactive Polymers (EAPs) which is used for constructional elements with controllable stiffness. The actuator consists of a Danfoss PolyPower EAP-foil and a supporting structure which applies the necessary pre-straining force to the foil. Usually, such structures have a constant spring stiffness which strongly limits the actuation range. The novel actuator shows a highly nonlinear spring stiffness for pre-straining the foil. Therefore, the pre-straining force is nearly constant all over the entire actuation range. This behavior can be used to double the possible actuation range. Such structures are suitable to be used in construction elements with variable stiffness. The contribution shows the basic function of this actuator and its capabilities for the application in new smart, self-sensing and self-controlling composite materials for lightweight constructions. The theoretical background of highly nonlinear spring stiffness is discussed and transferred to the developed structures. The theoretical calculations are based on analytic calculations and finite element analyses and are verified by experimental set-ups consisting of different actuators both with constant and highly nonlinear pre-straining spring constant.

scholarly journals SYMBOLIC AND PROPHETIC SYNTAGMAS IN CHINUA ACHEBE’S ANTHILLS OF THE SAVANNAH

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Omowumi Bode Steve Ekundayo ◽  
Abiola Olubunmi Akinbobola
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Grammatical Structures

This essay discusses Achebe’s delineation of characters, events and use of language in Anthills of the Savannah (AS) as symbolic and prophetic syntagmas which later manifested in some real life personalities and socio-political phenomena in Africa and Nigeria, the setting of the novel. The primary source of data is Anthills of the Savannah. Secondary source and the internet were also consulted for the theoretical background and literature review. Grammatical structures and literary features were extracted and analyzed to show their associative and symbolic links with real life events which occurred after 1987, the year AS was published. The symbolic and prophetic syntagmas identified and their manifestations are presented with annotations in tables. The essay established that Achebe uses syntagmas of utterances, events, settings and characters to symbolize and foreshadow imminent events in the novel and socio-political occurrences in Nigeria and Africa, a feat which stands him out as a novelist with great prophetic insight and clairvoyance.Keywords: Achebe, AS, syntagma, prophetic, symbolic. character

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