Madawaska Rebellion

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-139
Author(s):  
Michael G. Hillard
Keyword(s):  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Union Leaders ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Paper Company ◽  
State And Local

This chapter discusses the workers at Fraser Paper Company that revolted against an English management regime that forced speed-up, retracted employment promises, and belittled both union leaders and shop-floor workers. It details how workers, their families, and community members fought back Fraser Paper, using civil disobedience that spiraled into a violent confrontation with mill leaders and state and local police. It also recounts how Fraser Paper was initially run by founders and their sons, along with a stable cadre of professional executives who joined the paper company beginning in 1932. The chapter refers to John “Pete” Heuer, who was the president and chief executive at Fraser Paper who introduced a harsh management approach and battled the mill's unions. It mentions the workers' militant response against Fraser Paper that was shaped through the norms of workplace contractualism and a remarkable local Francophone culture.

Smoking Bans and Shop Floor Resistance during the Early Twentieth Century

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Wood
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Paper Company ◽  
Time Away

This chapter explores early-twentieth-century employers' opposition to smoking in the workplace, focusing on a case study of smoking practices and shop floor disputes at the Hammermill Paper Company in Erie, Pennsylvania, during the long, hot summer of 1915. Uniquely detailed reports of working conditions and workers' behaviors in this large mass-production factory, written by a pair of curious labor spies, documented nicely the ongoing efforts of many workers to circumvent the company's prohibition of smoking. In response to the refusal of management to allow smoking, workers improvised an assortment of surreptitious strategies that would allow them to smoke at work and enjoy time away from their jobs. As the Hammermill case illustrates, the wide extent of worker subversion made the no-smoking rule a dead letter, much to the constant frustration of management and the spies themselves.

Correlates of Public Attitudes toward the Umbrella Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Hok-Wui Wong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Public Opinion Survey ◽  
The Rule Of Law

From the start, the Umbrella Movement failed to win overwhelming public support. Why would many Hong Kong people not endorse a civil disobedience movement aimed at dismantling the exclusionary political order and bringing forth democracy? Based on an original public opinion survey collected during the movement, this article provides preliminary answers to these questions. I find that those who disapproved of the movement are no less politically informed. Instead, three factors were strong predictors of disapproval of the movement: (1) satisfaction with the performance of the chief executive; (2) distrust of democracy as a solution to Hong Kong’s problems; and (3) concern about the negative impact of the protest on the rule of law.

From Sanctuary to Civil Disobedience

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (135) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Elliott Young
Keyword(s):  
Immigrant Students ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
The World ◽  
Democratic Learning

Abstract Sanctuary for immigrant students was an effective mobilizing strategy for universities and colleges in the wake of Donald Trump’s election. At Lewis & Clark College in Portland, Oregon, a group of faculty organized a Civil Disobedience Workshop in the spring semester to help students, faculty, staff, and community members think through past and present examples of civil disobedience. Organized as a democratic workshop, each week was devoted to a different aspect of civil disobedience, from the philosophical underpinnings of the idea to examples of civil disobedience around the world, in Portland and on our own campus. The effort to create a democratic learning space outside of the hierarchical structures of the college was a primary goal of this experiment. The lightning-fast mobilization around sanctuary campuses provided both the inspiration and the organizing basis for the genesis of this workshop.

Catering for the needs of fauna in fire management: science or just wishful thinking?

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Fire Management ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Negative Effect

Ecological fire management in Australia is often built on an assumption that meeting the needs of plant species will automatically meet the needs of animal species. However, the scarcity of ecological data on the needs of fauna in relation to fire undermines the confidence managers should place in current popular frameworks for planning ecological burning. Such frameworks are built almost entirely around the goal of maintaining plant community diversity. They provide little guidance to managers regarding the characteristics of desirable ‘mosaics’ (e.g. patch size, connectivity or composition of age-since-burnt classes) or the timing of fires in relation to faunal population trends linked to other cycles (e.g. El Niño events). Claims by agencies of adopting an adaptive management approach (‘learning by doing’) to cope with a dearth of knowledge are credible only if monitoring and evaluation are carried out and future actions are modified in light of new evidence. Much monitoring of fauna is of such a small scale and short duration that the statistical likelihood of detecting a positive or negative effect of the management regime is minute. Such shortcomings will only be overcome through broad-scale and/or long-term studies of fauna. The funding for such research is unlikely to be forthcoming if fire ecologists and land managers convey the impression that the current data are adequate for the implementation of the current planning frameworks.

The transition toward resilient water management regimes: where are we now?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Mannocchi
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Regimes

<p>Hydro-Meteorological Hazards (HMH) such as drought, floods and storm surge have always constituted a threat to social-ecological systems (SES) but, due to increasing uncertainties caused by climate and by rapidly changing socio-economic boundary conditions, it is necessary to step up effort to mitigate the risks. More attention should be devoted to understanding and managing the transition from traditional management regimes to more sustainable and resilient regimes that take into account environmental, technological, economic, institutional and cultural characteristics of river basins.</p><p>Since the 1990s many scholars, from both natural and social sciences, have urged to integrate knowledge and shed light on the functioning of the SESs in order to increase resilience to perturbances (Berkes and Folke 1998). As sustainability science is mainly a problem-driven and solution-oriented field that follows a transformational agenda (Lang 2012), it becomes evident that the nexus between environmental, political and institutional dimensions cannot be ignored to accelerate the path toward sustainability.  </p><p>There is consensus that the complex, non-linear and rather unpredictable nature of HMHs, exacerbated by climate change, should require a more adaptive (Armitage 2007), flexible and holistic (Holling 2002) management approach that can speed up and reinforce the learning loops to allow for more rapid assessment and implementation of the consequences of new insights and scientific evidence (Pahl Wostle 2007). Cooperation among a wide range of stakeholders with different knowledge, expertise and views is often indicated as a prerequisite to establish a resilient and adaptive water management regime (Olsson et al. 2004). These principles mainstreamed since the beginning of the 2000s and synthesized by concepts like “co-management”, “adaptive and integrated management”, or “adaptive co-management”, are the pillars of what is considered a paradigm shift in water management (Pahl Wostle and Nicola 2011) and have inspired institutional settings, policies, and practices.</p><p>However, the debate is still ongoing to determine at what stage of the transition we are in, whether the aforementioned principles have been adopted and translated into practices on a wide scale, and whether and how such practices have contributed to increasing the resilience of the SES. It will be critically examined the literature trying to identify the main trend of the last two decades. The review will be accompanied by the case-studies upon which theories have been built and tested.</p>

The Crime-Fighting Community

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-86
Author(s):  
Nikki Jones
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Black Neighborhoods ◽  
Street Outreach ◽  
Select Group ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Intensive Work

Chapter 2 examines closely how battles over representation – specifically, battles over who should be chosen to save the neighborhood – have evolved in the city over time. In San Francisco, efforts to respond to violence in the city’s Black neighborhoods shifted from “peacekeeping” to crime fighting over the course of the late 20th and early 21st century. Today, the crime-fighting community relies on an intimate collaboration among law enforcement (federal, state and local) and a select group of community members, including leaders of youth-based organizations, faith leaders and street outreach workers, to manage problems associated with public safety in a particular geographic area, especially the persistent problem of violence. Yet, the crime-fighting community provides a circumscribed place for men like Eric (and, in some cases, women) with street credentials who are willing to take on the labor-intensive work (and largely subordinate position) of street outreach worker. Efforts to preserve the social organization of the crime-fighting community can lead to the alienation and exclusion of community members like Eric, a loss that can ultimately undermine its stated objectives and cede primary responsibility for youth likely to be victims or perpetrators of violence to law enforcement.

Lost Manhood

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Auto Workers ◽  
Union Representation ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
And Control

This chapter looks at how the mass-production work regime and the aggressive supervision of work all devalued and undermined an auto worker's sense of dignity and manhood. The brutal technical system established a highly controlled work environment of monotony and degradation. For skilled workers and those who aspired to such positions, the desired autonomy and control so essential for manly independence no longer existed. For others, the vicious speed-up, the endless fatigue, the absence of concern for health and safety, the abusive foremen and supervisors, and an uncivilized work environment all revealed lack of concern for human and manly dignity. Auto workers responded, individually and collectively, positively and negatively, to reframe and to reclaim a sense of their manhood through their sometimes retrograde shop floor behaviors, their efforts to fight back through union representation, and their general devaluation of women at work and in their local communities.

Voluntary management in an inshore fishery has conservation benefits

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Blyth ◽  
Michel J. Kaiser ◽  
Gareth Edwards-Jones ◽  
Paul J.B. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Benthic Habitat ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Personal Benefit ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Function

The management of fisheries in European Union (EU) waters has generally been regulated through government institutions and agreed quota allocations. This top-down management approach may have contributed to the continued decline of targeted fish stocks by forcing fishers to compete for limited resources without engendering a sense of resource stewardship. In attempting to reverse this decline, scientists and managers should examine management systems that do not solely depend on top-down approaches, and the Inshore Potting Agreement (IPA) is an example. The IPA is a voluntary fishery management system designed and operated by inshore fishers of south Devon, England. The IPA was conceived to reduce conflict between static-gear (pot and net) and towed-gear (trawl and dredge) fishers, and is regarded as a successful fisheries management regime by fishers and managers because it has effectively allowed fishers from both sectors to operate profitably on traditional fishing grounds. Another study determined that the IPA has incidentally protected benthic habitat complexity. Fishers from the static-gear and towed-gear sectors were interviewed to determine the evolution and function of the IPA, and to establish the factors that ensure the high level of regulatory compliance amongst fishers from both sectors. Towed-gear fishers gave significantly different responses to the same questions asked of static-gear fishers, and were generally less satisfied with the existence of the IPA. Multivariate analyses of the interview data suggested that fishers who thought the IPA was a good system also thought the system provided pot protection, but had experienced inter-sector conflict. Fishers who thought the IPA provided no personal benefit also thought that static-gear fishers should be more restricted, and that towed-gear corridors or more seasonal-use areas should be established within the existing IPA area. However, fishers from both sectors agreed that the IPA has maintained traditional practices of the local fishing industry, and that the system has conserved target finfish and scallop species. A number of factors were identified as critical to the success of the IPA. These included the voluntary nature of the agreement, the limited number of organizations representing fishers and very high level of membership of those organizations, and the simplicity of the system. Regulatory compliance is enhanced through the ability of fishers' organizations to respond rapidly to inter-sector conflict issues.

scholarly journals THE MEDIA AND ITS ROLE IN POLITICAL DECISION-MAKING

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 254-263
Author(s):  
Anwer Mohamed Ahmed ABUJANAH
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Sound Image ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Message

The great role and the great importance that the media occupy nowadays is very clear to be noticed, it is one of the most important institutions, and one of the most important platforms that communicate its voice to people and it works to cultivate beliefs and ideas, and shape people's opinions about what is going on around them, and their perception of issues. Popularity of modern information in the transfer of modern ideas is a key factor that affect Related the country, and well prepared Related to scientific and technological progress to speed up the delivery of the media message. The importance of the media has increased in our era accordingly In sound, image and word, the development that took place in the media by relying on satellites and the industrial sector for radio and television broadcasting, which occurred in printing and electronic newspapers, distances were reduced between regions and eliminated the borders and separations between nations and peoples. The media has reached the peak of importance and danger at the same time, due to its great influence on Stirring up public opinion for or against what is happening in terms of developments or changes, and the amendment or incitement that occurs on the constants in social values, intellectual beliefs, religious approaches, and different concepts in the affairs of the Human life in various parts of the world reached by the media, as the media and its means have become leadinga major role in transmitting and disseminating information, describing events, and forming public opinion, and this role has grow In general, there are more typical ways with the advancement of science, the intertwining of its interests, and the important role of the media In the community, and the media through it can provide community members with the information they may have Become public opinion material.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the Strategic Planning and Academic Performance among the Public Secondary Schools in Babati District, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Issue 1 (January to March 2021)) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Peter Kwaslema ◽  
Daniel Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Community Members ◽  
School Communities ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Study Population ◽  
School Heads

This study sought to establish teachers’ perception on the schools’ effectiveness in the development of the strategic plan, the perception of teachers on how the implementation of the strategic plan affects the academic performance and what should be done to ensure an effective strategic planning. The study used a mixed research approach while employing the convergent parallel design. The study population consisted of 2,844 stakeholders from 5 sampled schools whereby 185 respondents were drawn. The study concluded that there was effectiveness in the development of the Strategic Plan; the implementation of the strategic plan contributed to improved academic performance and various strategies were used by heads of schools to ensure that strategic plans were implemented. The study recommends that to be more effective in developing strategic plans, heads of schools should involve all stakeholders and hire experts to facilitate strategy formulations. Secondly, school heads should educate the school communities about benefits derived from effective implementation of strategic plans so that they can fully be committed to its implementation. Finally, school heads should come up with new strategies that will minimize resistance by school community members so as to speed up adoption as opposed to being pushed all the time by heads of schools in order for them to comply.

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