scholarly journals Demographic and genetic characterization of harvested Corbicula fluminea populations

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9657
Author(s):  
Weikai Wang ◽  
Xiongjun Liu ◽  
Noé Ferreira-Rodríguez ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Yanli Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Peripheral Populations ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Aquaculture Production ◽  
Harvest Pressure

The freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea s.l. is an edible freshwater bivalve of economic value in Asia. The species has been particularly well studied in the invaded range. However, there is a lack of knowledge in its native range where it supports an increasing commercial harvest pressure. Among Asiatic countries, China accounts for 70% of known commercial harvest and aquaculture production. We aim to characterize here wild C. fluminea s.l populations exposed to commercial harvest pressure in Poyang Lake Basin. We found higher biomass, density and genetic diversity in lake populations compared to peripheral populations (i.e., lake tributaries). Given that lake habitats support more intense harvest pressure than peripheral habitats, we suggest that demographic and genetic differentiation among subpopulations may be influenced in some degree by different harvest pressure. In this regard, additional demographic and/or genetic changes related to increasing harvest pressure may place population at a higher risk of extirpation. Altogether, these results are especially relevant for maintaining populations at or above viable levels and must be considered in order to ensure the sustainability of the resource.

scholarly journals Transcriptome-wide identification and characterization of the Sox gene family and microsatellites for Corbicula fluminea

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7770
Author(s):  
Chuankun Zhu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Huaiyu Ding ◽  
Zhengjun Pan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Sox Gene ◽  
Identification And Characterization

The Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea, is a commonly consumed small freshwater bivalve in East Asia. However, available genetic information of this clam is still limited. In this study, the transcriptome of female C. fluminea was sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. A total of 89,563 unigenes were assembled with an average length of 859 bp, and 36.7% of them were successfully annotated. Six members of Sox gene family namely SoxB1, SoxB2, SoxC, SoxD, SoxE and SoxF were identified. Based on these genes, the divergence time of C. fluminea was estimated to be around  476 million years ago. Furthermore, a total of 3,117 microsatellites were detected with a distribution density of 1:12,960 bp. Fifty of these microsatellites were randomly selected for validation, and 45 of them were successfully amplified with 31 polymorphic ones. The data obtained in this study will provide useful information for future genetic and genomic studies in C. fluminea.

scholarly journals Equilibrium, Thermodynamic, Reuse, and Selectivity Studies for the Bioadsorption of Lanthanum onto Sericin/Alginate/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Particles

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
Talles Barcelos da Costa ◽  
Meuris Gurgel Carlos da Silva ◽  
Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Selectivity Studies ◽  
Amorphous Character

In a scenario of high demand, low availability, and high economic value, the recovery of rare-earth metals from wastewater is economically and environmentally attractive. Bioadsorption is a promising method as it offers simple design and operation. The aim of this study was to investigate lanthanum bioadsorption using a polymeric bioadsorbent of sericin/alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based biocomposite. Batch system assays were performed to evaluate the equilibrium, thermodynamics, regeneration, and selectivity of bioadsorption. The maximum capture amount of lanthanum at equilibrium was 0.644 mmol/g at 328 K. The experimental equilibrium data were better fitted by Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. Ion exchange mechanism between calcium and lanthanum (2:3 ratio) was confirmed by bioadsorption isotherms. Thermodynamic quantities showed that the process of lanthanum bioadsorption was spontaneous (−17.586, −19.244, and −20.902 kJ/mol), endothermic (+15.372 kJ/mol), and governed by entropic changes (+110.543 J/mol·K). The reusability of particles was achieved using 0.1 mol/L HNO3/Ca(NO3)2 solution for up to five regeneration cycles. The bioadsorbent selectivity followed the order of lanthanum > cadmium > zinc > nickel. Additionally, characterization of the biocomposite prior to and post lanthanum bioadsorption showed low porosity (9.95 and 12.35%), low specific surface area (0.054 and 0.019 m2/g), amorphous character, and thermal stability at temperatures up to 473 K. This study shows that sericin/ alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based biocomposites are effective in the removal and recovery of lanthanum from water.

scholarly journals Elemental and Isotopic Characterization of Tobacco from Umbria

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Luana Bontempo ◽  
Daniela Bertoldi ◽  
Pietro Franceschi ◽  
Fabio Rossi ◽  
Roberto Larcher
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Umbria Region ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Isotopic Characterization ◽  
First Time ◽  
Micro Elements

Umbrian tobacco of the Virginia Bright variety is one of the most appreciated tobaccos in Europe, and one characterized by an excellent yield. In recent years, the Umbria region and local producers have invested in introducing novel practices (for production and processing) focused on environmental, social, and economic sustainability. Due to this, tobacco from Umbria is a leading commodity in the global tobacco industry, and it claims a high economic value. The aim of this study is then to assess if elemental and isotopic compositions can be used to protect the quality and geographical traceability of this particular tobacco. For the first time the characteristic value ranges of the stable isotope ratios of the bio-elements as a whole (δ2H, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O, and δ34S) and of the concentration of 56 macro- and micro-elements are now available, determined in Virginia Bright tobacco produced in two different areas of Italy (Umbria and Veneto), and from other worldwide geographical regions. The ranges of variability of elements and stable isotope ratios had slightly different results, according to the three geographical origins considered. In particular, Umbria samples presented significantly lower content of metals potentially dangerous for human health. The results of this first exploratory work highlight the possibility of characterizing tobacco from Umbria, and suggest widening the scope of the survey throughout Italy and foreign regions, in order to be used to describe the geographical origin of tobacco in general and verify the origin of the products on the market.

scholarly journals Heavy metals concentration in “etak” tissue at different processing stages.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Dee Koh Han ◽  
Faizuan Abdullah ◽  
Idanne Adilla Ibrahim ◽  
Nurul Inani Rozaki ◽  
Siti Nor Aini Md Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Metal Determination ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Heavy Metal Determination

Corbicula fluminea, known as “etak” in Kelantan, Malaysia is a freshwater bivalve. This clam is widely consumed as traditional snack by the locals. However, lately there are numerous reports in local newspapers that claim “etak” to cause health effects due to eating contaminated “etak”. Hence, this study aims to determine the heavy metals concentration in fresh, smoked and exposed “etak” sold at the stall as a baseline study in order to develop a method for removing the heavy metals content in its tissues. This study involves sample collection in the stalls around Kelantan, sample preparations via acid digestion and heavy metal determination using Perkin Elmer PinAAcle 900F Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The results showed the heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Mn and Cu) concentrations (µg/g) in all “etak” tissue were at different level for fresh (Cr: 1.02±0.35ppm, Zn: 74.57±2.76ppm, Mn: 40.22±9.96ppm and Cu: 15.27±1.41ppm), smoked (Cr: 0.42±0.02ppm, Zn: 54.62±17.83ppm, Mn: 50.13±2.31ppm and Cu: 20.94±8.81ppm) and exposed (Cr: 0.53±0.08ppm, Zn: 63.07±8.44ppm, Mn: 50.41±6.92ppm and Cu: 12.80±0.40ppm) samples. The results obtained were compared with the permissible limits set by Malaysian Food Regulations 1985 (Cu: 30.0ppm and Zn: 100.0ppm), FAO/WHO 1984 (Mn: 5.4ppm) and IAEA – 407 (Cr: 0.75ppm). For fresh “etak”, Zn and Cu concentration were below the standards, while Mn and Cr were exceeded the permissible limits. For smoked “etak” and exposed “etak” at stall, all heavy metals concentration were within the permissible limits, except Mn contents. This study successfully determine the baseline concentration of the heavy metals in “etak”.

scholarly journals Virulence of Phytophthora infestans isolates from potato in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Jose Ignacio Ruiz de Galarreta ◽  
Alba Alvarez-Morezuelas ◽  
Nestor Alor ◽  
Leire Barandalla ◽  
Enrique Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is responsible for the disease known as late blight in potato and tomato. It is the plant pathogen that has caused the greatest impact on humankind so far and, despite all the studies that have been made, it remains the most important in this crop. In Spain during the last years a greater severity of the disease has been observed in both, potato and tomato, probably due to genetic changes in pathogen populations described recently. The aim of this study was the characterization of the physiological strains of 52 isolates of P. infestans obtained in different potato-growing areas in Spain. For this purpose, inoculations on detached leaves were performed in order to determine compatibility or incompatibility reactions. A total of 17 physiological races were found. The less frequent virulence factors were Avr5 and Avr8. By studying the epidemiology of the pathogen, a specific breeding program for late blight resistance can be implemented.

scholarly journals Analysis of grouper business development in Gerokgak District, Buleleng Regency, Bali Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
David Hermawan ◽  
Ganjar Adhywirawan Sutarjo ◽  
Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Cultivation Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Fisheries development is a human effort in increasing the utilization of all fishery's biological resources which include the fishery capture, aquaculture, and processing sectors. Grouper is a commodity that has high economic value, but the amount of aquaculture production is still low, one of which is in Gerokgak district.This research was conductedfrom February to March 2018, in Gerokgak District, Buleleng Regency,Bali Province. Dataobtainedthrough interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires directly with respondents, namely the Department of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of Buleleng Regency, business owners, managers, and grouper farmers. The analysis used in this study was toobtaina grouper cultivation strategy using a SWOT analysis. From the results of the calculation of the analysis and determination of the SWOT matrix,thewgovernment must increase grouper aquaculture results by increasing the number of hatchery and enlargement businesses. The government is more responsive to the problems faced by farmers.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of the PISTILLATA Ortholog Gene from Cymbidium faberi Rolfe

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Fei ◽  
Zhi-Xiong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Anther Development ◽  
Protein Alignment ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Petal Development ◽  
Potted Plant

Cymbidium faberi Rolfe is a very popular potted plant in China, Japan and Korea where it has been cultivated for centuries. The economic value of this popular native Asian orchid could be enhanced by changes in its floral traits. In Arabidopsis, PISTILLATA (PI) is involved in regulating petal and stamen development. In order to investigate the possible role of the PI ortholog involved in floral development, we isolated CyfaPI from C. faberi. Protein alignment and a phylogenetic tree grouped CyfaPI in the PI lineage. CyfaPI transcripts were detected in all floral organs, but were absent in leaves. Moreover, in flowers, the highest expression level of CyfaPI was present in the gynostemium and the lowest level was found in anther caps. In addition, ectopic expression of CyfaPI in Arabidopsis pi-1 mutant rescued petal development, and complement the development of filament-like structure (part of stamen), but failed to complement anther development in the stamen whorl. All these finding suggest that CyfaPI is mainly responsible for perianth and gynostemium development in C. faberi. Our data may help to trace the development of the gynostemium program and evolution in orchids.

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