scholarly journals Effectiveness of Retro Walking and Forward Walking Treadmill Training on Abdominal Adiposity in Untrained Young Adults- AQuasi-experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajith Soman ◽  
Muhammad Najeeb Kallidukkil ◽  
Bibin Scaria ◽  
Khalid Alkhathami
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Walking Program ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Medical University

Introduction: Retro walking or backward walking is an exercise mode which incurs an increased metabolic cost and results in a greater cardiopulmonary demand when compared to forward walking, while placing a lower stress on the joints of the lower limb. Abdominal adiposity, a part of metabolic syndrome, is an early risk-factor for morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Aim: The study aims to compare the effect of retro walking treadmill training and that of forward walking treadmill training, as potential modifiers of general obesity and abdominal obesity in untrained young adults. Materials and Methods: In this quasi experimental study, 111 untrained young men/young males aged 18-25 who were students of a medical university in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were recruited and allocated randomly into two groups. One group underwent retro walking treadmill training five times a week for six weeks, and the other group underwent forward walking treadmill training for the same period. Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist- Height Ratio (WHtR) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured before and after the six-week intervention and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: There was a significant reduction in WHR and WHtR in the participants of the retro walking program when compared to participants of forward walking program. The decrease in BMI was not statistically significant. Conclusion: A retro walking training program is more effective in reducing BMI, WHR and WHtR in untrained young adults as compared to a forward walking program.

scholarly journals Promotion of Early and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Neonatal Care Units in Rural Rwanda: a Quasi-experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saidath Gato ◽  
Francois Biziyaremye ◽  
Catherine M. Kirk ◽  
Chiquita Palha De Sousa ◽  
Alain Mukuralinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Additional Support

Abstract Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding after birth and ongoing exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months improves child survival, nutrition and health outcomes. However, only 42% of newborns worldwide are breastfed within the first hour of life. Small and sick newborns are at greater risk of not receiving breastmilk and often require additional support for feeding. This study compares breastfeeding practices in Rwandan neonatal care units (NCUs) before and after the implementation of a package of interventions aimed to improve breastfeeding, aligned with the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative for small and sick newborns.Methods: A pre-post quasi experimental study was conducted at two District hospital NCUs in rural Rwanda from October 2017–December 2017 (pre-intervention) and September 2018–March 2019 (post-intervention). Only newborns admitted before their second day of life (DOL) were included. Data was extracted from patient charts for clinical and demographic characteristics, feeding throughout admission, and patient outcomes. Bivariate analyses were conducted using Fisher’s exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge following a backwards stepwise procedure.Results: Pre-intervention, 255 newborns were admitted in the NCUs and 793 were admitted in the post-intervention period. The percentage of infants who were exclusively breastfed on their day of birth, or day-of-life zero (DOL0) increased from 5.4% to 35.9% (p<0.001). For newborns discharged alive, the proportion exclusively breastfeeding increased from 69.6% to 87.0% (p<0.001). The mortality rate for all admitted newborns decreased from 16.1% to 10.5% (p<0.019). Factors associated with greater odds of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge included post-intervention time point (Odds Ratio (OR): 4.91, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.99-12.11, p<0.001), and admission for infection (OR 2.99, 95%CI 1.13-7.93, p=0.027). Home deliveries (OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.05-0.47, p=0.001), preterm delivery (OR 0.36, 95%CI 0.15-0.87, p=0.0260 and delayed first breastmilk feed (OR=0.04 for DOL3 vs. DOL0, 95%CI 0.01, 0.35, p=0.004) reduced odds of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge. Conclusion: Expansion and adoption of evidenced-based guidelines, using innovative approaches, aimed at the unique needs of small and sick newborns should be expanded and adapted in similar settings to improve outcomes for these infants.

scholarly journals Immunization competence retention in medical students: a comparation between conventional lectures and lectures with simulations method

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartono Gunadi ◽  
Rini Sekartini ◽  
Retno Asti Werdhani ◽  
Ardi Findyartini ◽  
Muhammad Arvianda Kevin Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background Immunization is recognized as one of the strategiesto reduce vaccine preventable diseases. Competency related toimmunization are consequently important for medical students andthe medical school needs to assure the competence acquisition.Objective To assess competence related to immunization andits retention following lectures with simulations compared tolectures only.Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted to the 5th yearstudents of University of Indonesia Medical School during the ChildAdolescent Health Module in 2012-2013. The intervention grouphad lectures with simulations and the control group had lecturesonly. Immunization knowledge was assessed with a 30 multiplechoice question (MCA) items performed before and after themodule. Competence retention was assessed by MCQ (knowledge)and OSCE (skills) 2-6 months afterwards.Results Sixty eight subjects for each group with similarcharacteristics were analyzed. There was significant differenceafter module MCQ score between two groups. Competenceretention in 2-6 months after module completion was betterin intervention group, both for the knowledge (median MCQscore of 70.00 (range 37-93) vs. mean score of 58.01 (SD 12.22),respectively; P<0.001) and skill (OSCE mean scores of 75.21 (SD10.74) vs. 62.62 (SD 11.89), respectively; P < 0.001). Proportionof subjects in the intervention group who passed both the MCQand OSCE were also significantly greater.Conclusion Lectures with simulations are proved to bemore effective in improving medical students’ immunizationcompetence as well as its retention compared to lectures onlyapproach.

scholarly journals Depressão e ideação suicida na adolescência: implementação e avaliação de um programa de intervenção

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Amaral ◽  
Josiane Uchoa Sampaio ◽  
Fátima Regina Ney Matos ◽  
Margarida Tenente Santos Pocinho ◽  
Rafael Fernandes de Mesquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Objetivo: Desarrollar, implementar y evaluar un programa de prevención del suicidio dirigido a adolescentes.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental, del tipo antes y después, con adolescentes de una institución educativa en São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. El estudio siguió las etapas de desarrollo, implementación y evaluación de un programa de intervención para la prevención del suicidio. Se administraron tres instrumentos de evaluación antes y después de la intervención: la escala de ideación suicida de Beck; el Inventario de Depresión de Beck y la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck.Resultados: Antes de la intervención, participaron 102 adolescentes, 30 (29.4%) tenían ideación suicida y síntomas depresivos. Después de la intervención, los instrumentos se aplicaron a los 30 adolescentes seleccionados, 12 (40.0%) continuaron con la ideación. Antes de la intervención, el Inventario de depresión promedio fue de 23.83 y luego de 7.17 (p <0.0001). En cuanto a la desesperanza, el promedio obtenido antes fue 7.23 y luego 2.17 (p <0.0001); Con respecto a la ideación suicida, el promedio obtenido antes fue de 10.50 y luego de 2.57 (p <0.0001).Conclusión: Hubo una disminución en los síntomas depresivos, la desesperanza y la ideación suicida después de la implementación del elaborado programa de intervención. Objective: To develop, implement and evaluate a suicide prevention program aimed at adolescents.Material and Methods: A quasi-experimental study, before and after, with adolescents from an educational institution in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. The study followed the stages of development, implementation and evaluation of a suicide prevention intervention program. Three assessment instruments were administered before and after the intervention: Beck's Suicidal Ideation Scale; Beck's Depression Inventory and Beck's Hopelessness Scale. Results: Before the intervention, 102 adolescents participated, 30 (29.4%) had suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. After the intervention the instruments were applied to the 30 selected adolescents, 12 (40.0%) continued with ideation. Prior to intervention, the average Depression Inventory was 23.83 and then 7.17 (p <0.0001). As for hopelessness, the average obtained before was 7.23 and then 2.17 (p <0.0001); Regarding suicidal ideation, the average obtained before was 10.50 and then 2.57 (p <0.0001). Conclusion: There was a decrease in depressive symptoms, hopelessness and suicidal ideation after the implementation of the elaborated intervention program.

scholarly journals Telephone interventions for adherence to colpocytological examination

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Marques Lima ◽  
◽  
Ana Izabel Oliveira Nicolau ◽  
Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho ◽  
Camila Teixeira Moreira Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Examination Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Behavioral Group ◽  
Health Education And Promotion

ABSTRACT Objective: to test the effects of behavioral and educational intervention by telephone on adherence of women with inappropriate periodicity to colpocytological examination. Method: quasi-experimental study with a sample of 524 women, selected with the following inclusion criteria: be aged between 25 and 64 years, have initiated sexual activity, have inappropriate periodicity of examination and have mobile or landline phone. The women were divided into two groups for application of behavioral and educational intervention by telephone. It was used an intervention script according to the principles of Motivational Interviewing. Results: on comparing the results before and after the behavioral and educational interventions, it was found that there was a statistically significant change (p = 0.0283) with increase of knowledge of women who participated in the educational intervention. There was no change in the attitude of women of any of the groups and there was an increase of adherence to colpocytological examination in both groups (p < 0.0001), with greater adherence of women participating in the behavioral group (66.8%). Conclusion: the behavioral and educational interventions by phone were effective in the adherence of women to colpocytological examination, representing important strategies for permanent health education and promotion of care for the prevention of cervical cancer.

scholarly journals A quasi-experimental study on stethoscopes contamination with multidrug-resistant bacteria: Its role as a vehicle of transmission

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250455
Author(s):  
Raeseok Lee ◽  
Su-Mi Choi ◽  
Sung Jin Jo ◽  
Songyi Han ◽  
Yun Jeong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Blood Agar Plate ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Nosocomial Pathogens ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Training

Stethoscopes have been suggested to be a possible vector of contact transmission. However, only a few studies have focused on the prevalence of contamination by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and effectiveness of disinfection training to reduce. This study is to investigate the burden of stethoscope contamination with nosocomial pathogens and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and to analyze habit changes in disinfection of stethoscopes among healthcare workers (HCWs) before and after education and training. We performed a prospective pre and post quasi-experimental study. A total of 100 HCWs (55 doctors and 45 nurses) were recruited. HCWs were surveyed on their disinfection behavior and stethoscopes were cultured by pressing the diaphragm directly onto a blood agar plate before and after education on disinfection. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed to determine the relatedness of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Most of the stethoscopes were contaminated with microorganisms before and after the intervention (97.9% and 91.5%, respectively). The contamination rate of stethoscopes with nosocomial pathogens before and after education was 20.8% and 19.2%, respectively. Stethoscope disinfection habits improved (55.1% vs 31.0%; p<0.001), and the overall bacterial loads of contamination were reduced (median colony-forming units, 15 vs 10; p = 0.019) after the intervention. However, the contamination rate by nosocomial pathogens and MDR bacteria did not decrease significantly. A carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from a stethoscope was closely related to isolates from the patients admitted at the same ward where the stethoscope was used. Stethoscopes were contaminated with various nosocomial pathogens including MDR bacteria and might act as a vehicle of MDR bacteria. Continuous, consistent education and training should be provided to HCWs using multifaceted approach to reduce the nosocomial transmission via stethoscopes.

scholarly journals KAKSA Orang Tua Siswa TK : Komunitas Anti Kekerasan Seksual pada Anak

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ira Paramastri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
General Education ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Knowledge Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One

Currently, primary prevention efforts for child sexual abuse (CSA) are mostly done as general education program for children at school. The program is criticized for placing responsibility of child protection solely on the children and rarely involves family, community, and children’s surrounding neighborhood. This study aimed to examine CSA psychoeducational prevention toward kindergarteners parents’ knowledge after an intervention in form of psychoeducational leaflets and booklets. The study was quasi-experimental study with the one group pretest-posttest design. Twenty six parents of kindergarteners participated in the study. Istruments used for the study was CSA knowledge test. Quantitative analysis was used to describe the difference of kindergarteners parents’ knowledge before and after the program (p=0.006, p<0.05). Psychoeducation with booklet and leaflet was able to improve kindergarteners parents’ knowledge on CSA prevention.

scholarly journals Efecto de la práctica de actividad física gamificada en el estado de ánimo de jugadoras de baloncesto en etapa de confinamiento (Effect of gamified physical activity practice on the mood of female basketball players in confinement stage)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Alberto Rodríguez Cayetano ◽  
Estela Vicente Rivera ◽  
José Manuel De Mena Ramos ◽  
Salvador Pérez Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Salud Mental

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar el efecto en el estado de ánimo de jugadoras de baloncesto, a través de la práctica de actividad física gamificada durante la etapa de confinamiento debido a la COVID-19. La muestra utilizada fue de 26 jugadoras de tres categorías diferentes: infantil, juvenil y senior, con una media de edad de 16.65 (±3.84) años. Para analizar el efecto sobre el estado de ánimo, se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental a través de un estudio con un pretest, una intervención y un postest final, proporcionando el cuestionario de Profile of Mood States (POMS) antes y después de cada sesión. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron mejoras en el estado de ánimo, disminuyendo los valores que se relacionan con estados emocionales negativos. Durante etapas de confinamiento, es importante aportar programas de actividad física para mejorar la salud mental de las jugadoras de baloncesto, las cuales están acostumbradas a una práctica de actividad física regular. Abstract. The main objective of this research is to analyze the effect on the mood of female basketball players, through the practice of gamified physical activity during the confinement stage due to COVID-19. The sample used was 26 players from three different categories: U14, U18 and senior, with an average age 16.65 (3.84) years. To analyze the effect on the players' mood, a quasi-experimental study was conducted through a pretest, an intervention and a final posttest, providing the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire before and after each session. The results obtained showed improvements in the players' mood was produced due to the practice of gamified physical activity, decreasing the values that are related to negative emotional states. During times of confinement, it is important to provide physical activity programs to improve the mental health of female basketball players, who are accustomed to practice regular physical activity.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS ABOUT TECHNIQUES OF PUZZLE GAMES IN UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT WHEN LEARNING SOCIAL SCIENE AT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF 40 BANDUNG (Quasi Experimental Study at Junior High School of 40 Bandung)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Yosefin Candra Erladini
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Puzzle Games

Abstract-The present study was motivated by the author’s eagerness to investigate the effectiveness about  techniques of puzzle games in understanding the concept when learning social sciene at Junior High School of 40 Bandung. This research was aimed to explain the ability of understanding the concept when learning social sciene before and after applying the techniques of puzzle games, explaining the effect from techniques of puzzle games when learning social sciene, and showing the effectiveness from techniques of puzzle games when learning social sciene. The study employed quasi experimental study with the design of pretest-posttest control group. According to hypothesis test showed the difference between the ability of understanding the concept social sciene at experimental class and the capability at controlled class, after the experimental class being given techniques of puzzle games treatment when learning social sciene. Consequently, it can be conclude that implementing the techniques of puzzle games was really effective to be used in understanding the concept when learning social sciene.Keywords: Techniques of puzzle games, The understanding of concept, Sosial sciene.

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