scholarly journals Effect of Different Processing Conditions on Bioactive Compounds of Selected Grape Varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
M .M. W. Aponso ◽  
R. A. U. J. Marapana ◽  
A. T. Abeysundara ◽  
G. O. De Silva ◽  
R. Manawaduge
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Pectinase Enzyme ◽  
Grape Juices ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Locally Grown

Bioactive compounds in grapes vary in terms of cultivar and processing conditions. Raw juice and treated grape juices from locally grown Israel blue and locally available, imported, Red Globe and Michele Palieri varieties in Sri Lanka were used for the analysis. Grape juices were subjected to different processing conditions such as pasteurization and pectinase enzyme treatment. Total Monomeric Anthocyanin content (TAC), Total Phenolic Content (TPC), and antioxidant activity were analyzed. Compared to the imported grape varieties, the locally grown, pectinase enzyme-treated Israel blue grape juice with 2% pectinase enzyme concentration, 40 0C incubation temperature, and 2 hours incubation time, under dark condition had the significantly highest values (p < 0.05) for TAC at 177.03±4.15 mg/L of malvidin-3-O-glucoside (M3G), TPC at 527.07 ± 3.55 mg/L of Gallic acid equivalents and antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH radical scavenging assay with IC50 value at 7.05±0.35 mg/mL Gallic acid equivalents and ABTS radical scavenging assay with IC50 value at 0.31±0.01 mg/mL of Trolox equivalents. TAC, TPC, and antioxidant activity of three grape varieties showed the highest values in pectinase enzyme-treated grape juice which was followed by raw juice and the pasteurized juice respectively. This research has taken an approach to enhance the bioactivity of grape juices via pectinase enzyme treatment and evaluate the suitability of locally grown Israel blue grape variety in Sri Lanka to form as a functional beverage to meet nutritional and health requirements.

scholarly journals (−)-Epicatechin—An Important Contributor to the Antioxidant Activity of Japanese Knotweed Rhizome Bark Extract as Determined by Antioxidant Activity-Guided Fractionation

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Urška Jug ◽  
Katerina Naumoska ◽  
Irena Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Japanese Knotweed ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Ic50 Value

The antioxidant activities of Japanese knotweed rhizome bark extracts, prepared with eight different solvents or solvent mixtures (water, methanol, 80% methanol(aq), acetone, 70% acetone(aq), ethanol, 70% ethanol(aq), and 90% ethyl acetate(aq)), were determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging assay. Low half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values (2.632–3.720 µg mL−1) for all the extracts were in the range of the IC50 value of the known antioxidant ascorbic acid at t0 (3.115 µg mL−1). Due to the highest extraction yield (~44%), 70% ethanol(aq) was selected for the preparation of the extract for further investigations. The IC50 value calculated for its antioxidant activity remained stable for at least 14 days, while the IC50 of ascorbic acid increased over time. The stability study showed that the container material was of great importance for the light-protected storage of the ascorbic acid(aq) solution in a refrigerator. Size exclusion–high-performance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC)–UV and reversed phase (RP)-HPLC-UV coupled with multistage mass spectrometry (MSn) were developed for fractionation of the 70% ethanol(aq) extract and for further compound identification, respectively. In the most potent antioxidant SEC fraction, determined using an on-line post-column SEC-HPLC-DPPH assay, epicatechin, resveratrol malonyl hexoside, and its in-source fragments (resveratrol and resveratrol acetyl hexoside) were tentatively identified by RP-HPLC-MSn. Moreover, epicatechin was additionally confirmed by two orthogonal methods, SEC-HPLC-UV and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled with densitometry. Finally, the latter technique enabled the identification of (−)-epicatechin. (−)-Epicatechin demonstrated potent and stable time-dependent antioxidant activity (IC50 value ~1.5 µg mL−1) for at least 14 days.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHYL GALLATE ISOLATED FROM THE LEAVES OF Toona sureni

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Taufik Ekaprasada ◽  
Hazli Nurdin ◽  
Sanusi Ibrahim ◽  
Dachriyanus Dachriyanus
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Antioxidant Compound ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Isolated Compound ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

An antioxidant compound has been isolated from the leaves of Toona sureni (Blume) Merr. The structure was determined to be methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate), based on UV-vis, FTIR, NMR and MS spectra. The isolated compound exhibited potent antioxidant activity in the α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test, with IC50 value 1.02 μg/mL.   Keywords: antioxidant activity, methyl gallate, Toona sureni

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of the protection from oxidative stress by various fractions of Artemisia incisa Pamp.

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386
Author(s):  
A Aziz-Ur-Rehman ◽  
Sehrish Gulzar ◽  
Muhammad Abbasi ◽  
Tayyaba Shahzadi ◽  
Tauheeda Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ic50 Value

The methanolic extract of Artemisia incisa Pamp. was dissolved in distilled water and successively partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The antioxidant potential of all these fractions and remaining aqueous fraction was evaluated by four methods, i.e., the scavenging activity of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), the total antioxidant activity, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and the ferric thiocyanate assay. In addition, the total phenolics was determined. The obtained results revealed that among the studied fractions the ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed the most potent DPPH-radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 5.3 ? 0.71 ?g mL-1, which is even more effective than the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (IC50 value 0f 12.1? 0.92 ?g mL-1). The ethyl acetate fraction also showed the highest FRAP value (3677.13 ? 27.1 ?g TE mL-1), inhibition of lipid peroxidation (60.93 ? 0.84 % at 500 ?g mL-1) and total phenolic content (95.5 ? 0.05 ?g GAE g-1) as compared to other fractions. However, the remaining aqueous fraction was found to posses the highest antioxidant activity of all the fractions.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND CARDIOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF BANGUN-BANGUN LEAVES (PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS LOUR.) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Modesta Harmoni Tarigan ◽  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Aminah Dalimunthe ◽  
Nerdy Nerdy
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the antioxidant activity and cardioprotective activity of bangun-bangun leaves ethanolic extract.Methods: Bangun-bangun leaves ethanolic extract was obtained by maceration process. The antioxidant activity test was performed by 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radical scavenging method with various concentrations of extract. The absorbance was measured by visible spectrophotometric method and calculated the inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for antioxidant activity analysis. Cardioprotective activity test was performed by measuring the cardiac troponin T (cTnT) level, creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB) level, and histology of the heart tissue. Animals induced with doxorubicin at the 8th day and the 9th day, bangun-bangun leaves ethanolic extract was administered from the 1st day to the 9th day with various doses of extract.Results: Bangun-bangun leaves ethanolic extract had IC50 value of 57.79 μg/mL. Difference dose of bangun-bangun leaves ethanolic extract shows difference cardioprotective activity. Bangun-bangun leaves ethanolic extract at dose 300 mg/kg bw did not differ significantly to the positive control group and normal group. The higher the dose of an extract the greater the decrease in cTnT and CK-MB levels and increase protection against heart damage.Conclusion: Bangun-bangun leaves ethanolic extract had strong antioxidant and had cardioprotective activity. 

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Fenolik Total Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azimatur Rahmi ◽  
Tika Afriani ◽  
Linda Hevira ◽  
Wike Widiawati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value

The aim of this study is to investigate antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethyl acetate fraction of Sembung leaves. Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.) is a plant that has the potential as an antioxidant because it contains secondary metabolites of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic compounds. In this study, antioxidant activity was tested by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for free radical scavenging activity assay. Evaluation of total phenolic content was tested by using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Sembung leaves possess showed medium antioxidant activity with IC50 valueof 221.821 compare with reference standard ascorbic acid with IC50 value 68.25 ppm. The ethyl acetate fraction of Sembung leaves has a total phenolic content of 161.101 mg GAE/g. This study provided that Blumea balsamifera leaves possess antioxidant.

scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ANDONG MERAH (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN PENANGKAL RADIKAL DPPH

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Yuri Pratiwi Utami
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Cordyline Fruticosa

AbstractAndong leaf is one of the traditional medicinal plants that is proven to have various properties including as a (natural) medicinal ingredient. Andong plants contain several chemical compounds including saponins, tannins, flavonoids, polyphenols, steroids. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of red andong leaf extract (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval) as a radical scavenging antioxidant for DPPH. In this study red andong leaves (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval) were extracted using maceration method with 70% ethanol as solvent. The results showed that anthocyanins were cyanidin. Antioxidant activity was measured by reducing DPPH free radicals with UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 517 nm. The results showed that red andong red leaf extract had strong antioxidant potential with an IC50 value of 64.5197 g/mL against free radicals DPPH and vitamin C as a comparison showed a very strong antioxidant potential with an IC50 value of 2.12 g/mL.Keywords : Andong leaf, antioxidant, DPPH AbstrakDaun andong merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang terbukti memiliki berbagai khasiat diantaranya sebagai bahan obat (alami). Tanaman andong mengandung beberapa senyawa kimia diantaranya yaitu saponin, tanin, flavonoid, polifenol, Steroida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi  ekstrak daun andong merah (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval) sebagai antioksidan penangkal  radikal DPPH. Pada penelitian ini daun andong merah (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval) diekstraksi dengan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  antosianin jenis  sianidin. Aktivitas antioksidan diukur melalui peredaman radikal bebas DPPH dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun andong merah   memiliki potensi  antioksidan  kuat dengan nilai IC50 64.5197 µg/mL terhadap radikal bebas  DPPH dan vitamin C sebagai pembanding menunjukkan potensi antioksidan sangat kuat dengan nilai  IC50 2.12 µg/mL.Kata Kunci : Daun andong merah, antioksidan, DPPH

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HYDROLYSATES ORIGINATED FROM SOYBEAN AND SOY MILK RESIDUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5A) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Ngo Minh Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values

Soybean (Glycine max) and soy milk residue (okara) are protein-rich materials. Soybean possesses the highest protein content among different types of beans (protein content of soybean varies from 40–42 %). Soy milk residue, a by-product of the soy milk manufacturing industry, contains approximately 27 % protein (by dry weight). A number of recent studies have investigated the improvement of functional properties of protein contained in soybean and okara by fermentation or by the use of proteolytic enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of soybean and okara hydrolysates obtained by the fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae or by using proteolytic enzymes (neutrase and flavourzyme). DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to determine the antioxidant activities of hydrolysates. The concentration of peptides required to scavenge DPPH radical by 50 % (IC50 value) was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of peptides produced obtained from hydrolysates. The results showed that when fermented with A. oryzae, the okara hydrolysate had higher antioxidant activity than the soybean hydrolysate, with IC50 values of 0.447 mg/ml and 3.95 mg/ml, respectively. The hydrolyzed okara obtained from hydrolysis using Neutrase had higher antioxidant activity than the one obtained from hydrolysis using Flavourzyme, with IC50 values of0.200 mg/ml and 0.407 mg/ml, respectively. Different peptide fractions obtained from the hydrolysates using cut-off membrane (10 kDa, 3 kDa and 1 kDa) possessed different antioxidant activities. The < 1 kDa peptide fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 0.158 mg/ml.

scholarly journals Exploring the phytochemical and antioxidant potentialof Hylocereuspolyrhizus peel extract using biochemical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012076
Author(s):  
Y D Muksin ◽  
Mahrus ◽  
S Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Biochemical Approach ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Peel Extract

Abstract Red dragon fruit or Hylocereuspolyrhizus is one of the most popular fruits in Indonesia. Besides being consumed directly, H. Polyrhizus processed into various forms of processed food products such as jams, syrups, sweets, tea, and functional drinks. Unfortunately, massive quantities of solid waste, including H. polyrhizuspeel produced every year, continues to increase from year to year. Their disposal led to severe environmental issues. Whereas, H. polyrhizuspeels are abundant in beneficial secondary metabolites compoundespecially flavonoid and phenolic. The presence of flavonoid and phenolic content provides many benefits in the development of natural medicines, especially as antioxidants. However, the research related to exploring antioxidant potentials of H. polyrhizuspeel is still very limited. This study aimed to explore the phytochemical of H. polyrhizuspeel and their role as a natural-antioxidant agent. H. polyrhizuspeels were extracted through a maceration method using 96% of ethanol as their solvent. A total phenolic essay is determined by the method of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as a reference. AlCl3 reagent is used to analyse the flavonoid content by comparing with quercetin. Antioxidant activity was done by DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging methods. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of H. polyrhizuspeel extract (HPPE) at 107.35 ± 8.02 mg GAE/g and 108.82 ± 12.69 mg QE/g respectively. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of HPPE showed IC50 value at 136.20 ± 0.70 Lig/ml Lig/ml with DPPH methods and 390.70 ± 1.25 Lig/ml ug/ml with ABTS methods. Based on this recent study, HPPE has a moderate antioxidant activity by reducing free radicals in dose dependent manner.

Identification of Grape Varieties

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-676
Author(s):  
A C Rice
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Response ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Concord Grape ◽  
Grape Juices ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A series of grape juices and concentrates were diluted with Macllvaine’s buffer at pH levels ranging from 2 to 8 and analyzed spectrophotometrically. The relationship of various Concord and California grape juice samples from different geographical areas were characterized individually and in combination. The spectral characteristics of Concord and Salvador grape juice were found to be similar except at pH 7, where the Concord curve has two peaks (583 and 450 mμ) and the Salvador curve has only one. The anthocyanin components in Concord grape juice were studied chromatographically for an explanation of its unique spectral response at pH 7. Results are incomplete, and further study is recommended.

EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF UNRIPE AEGLE MARMELOS CORR. FRUITS

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Gupta D ◽  
John PP ◽  
Kumar P ◽  
Jain J
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay

Aegle marmelos Corr. (Rutaceae), commonly known as Bael, is a tree of Indian origin, well known from ancient period andprescribed for various ailments in Ayurveda. Utilization of bael fruit in day-to-day life has a great nutritional, environmental as well ascommercial importance. Every part of Aegle marmelos including stem, bark, root, leaves, fruit and seeds at all stages of maturity possesmedicinal virtues and has been used in Ethno medicine to exploit its medicinal properties. Objective: This study was undertaken to examine theantioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Aegle marmelos unripe or half ripe fruits. Material and Methods: The antioxidant activity was doneby using DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The IC50 (The concentration of sample required to scavenge 50% of DPPH free radical) wascalculated by plotting graph between % inhibition vs concentration. The ascorbic acid was used as standard antioxidant. Result and Discussion:The IC50 value of extract and ascorbic acid was found to be 62.59μg/ml and 2.80μg/ml. The antioxidant activity found in Aegle marmelos maybe associated with their main phytochemical compounds like flavonoids, phenols and tannins. Conclusion: This activity supports that the fruitcan be used as natural antioxidant to treat free radical induced cellular damages and can also be used as adjuvant with other drugs to givesynergistic effects.

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