scholarly journals Trend Analysis of Temperature and Rainfall across Agro Climatic Zones of Karnataka-A Semi Arid State in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Seedari Ujwala Rani ◽  
Naveen P. Singh ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Rabindra Nath Padaria ◽  
Ranjit Kumar Paul
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Rainfall Anomaly ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Trend Estimation ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies ◽  
Semi Arid

The study was carried out for ten Agro climatic zones in Karnataka state in India. The temperature and rainfall data were used for analysis from 1979-2019 which is about 40 years. Understanding spatiotemporal rainfall pattern, Rainfall Anomaly Index which is drought indicator technique was  used to classify the positive and negative severities in rainfall anomalies. The RAI ranges below 0.2 are considered as dry zone. The analysis resulted that, all zones are falls in category of dry zone with range of 0.2 to 0.4. For past five years, North Eastern Transition Zone was noted maximum times falling in the range of RAI below 0.2 and near to zero. Statistical techniques like linear trend estimation, R square was used for trend estimation across annual, seasonal to identify the variation in the temperature across different zones. The meaningful statistically significant achieves when there is r2≥0.65 and p≤0.05. It was analysed that, hilly Zone experienced decreased trend in both minimum and maximum temperature in all seasons which ultimately reflected in annual temperature to decrease with high R square values.

Heavy rainfall in the northern coast of Ecuador in the aftermath of El Niño 2015/2016 and its predictability 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Pineda ◽  
Juan Changoluisa ◽  
Ángel G. Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Rainfall Anomaly ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Ensemble Mean ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies

<p>In January 2016, a high precipitation event (HPE) affected the northern coast of Ecuador leading to devastating flooding in the Esmeraldas’ river basin. The HPE appeared in the aftermath of the 2015/2016 El Niño as an early onset of heavy rainfalls otherwise expected in the core rainy season (Mar-Apr). Using gauge data, satellite imagery and reanalysis we investigate the daily and ‘weather-within-climate’ characteristics of the HPE and its accompanying atmospheric conditions. The convective storms developed into a mesoscale convective complex (MCC) during nighttime on 24<sup>th</sup> January. The scale size of the heavy rainfall system was about 250 km with a lifecycle lasting 16 hours for the complete storm with 6 hours of convective showers contributing to the HPE. The genesis of the MCC was related to above-normal moisture and orographic lifting driving convective updrafts; the north-south mountain barrier acted as both a channel boosting upslope flow when it moves over hillslopes; and, as a heavy-rain divide for inner valleys. The above normal moisture conditions were favored by cross-time-scale interactions involving the very strong El Niño 2015/2016 event, an unusually persistent Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in phases 3 and 6, remotely forced by tropical synoptic scale disturbances. In the dissipation stage, a moderate low-level easterly shear with wind velocity of about 10 m/s moved away the unstable air and the convective pattern disappear on the shore of the Esmeraldas basin.</p><p> </p><p>We use ECMWF re-forecast from the Sub-seasonal to Seasonal (S2S) prediction project dataset and satellite observations to investigate the predictability of the HPE. Weekly ensemble-mean rainfall anomaly forecasts computed from raw (uncorrected) S2S reforecast initialized on 31st Dec 2015, 7th, 14th and 21st Jan 2016 are used to assess the occurrence of rainfall anomalies over the region. The reforecast represents consistently, over all lead times, the spatial pattern of the HPE. Also, the ensemble-mean forecast shows positive rainfall anomalies at times scales of 1-3 weeks (0-21 days) at nearly all initialization dates and lead times, predicting this way successfully the timing and amplitude of the highest HPE leading the 25th January flood.</p>

scholarly journals The influence of the climatology of the semi-arid from Alagoas-Brazil on the raw milk microbiota

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ticiano Gomes do Nascimento ◽  
Euridice Farias Falcão ◽  
Maria Cristina Delgado da Silva ◽  
Josicleide Nascimento Oliveira Silvino ◽  
Pierre Barnabé Escodro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Semi Arid

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the climatology of the semi-arid from Alagoas-Brazil on the raw milk microbiota in semi-arid area of the 07 micro-regions of the State of Alagoas of Alagoas, Brazil. The climatic data were extracted from National Institute of Meteorology from the Brazilian government. The raw milk was collected after the dairy cow milking process in 12 small rural associations of the semi-arid from the State of Alagoas, during the 4 seasons and the raw milk was carried out procedures of sampling, transportation and microbiological analysis. A total of 58 samples were counted coliforms at 45°C, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and coagulase-positive <em>Staphylococcus</em>. Only 02 rural associations presented low levels of microbiological contamination, which were located in areas of climatic conditions and parameters of thermal comfort index and vegetation index favorable, but 10 rural associations presented high counting of coliforms at 45°C, <em>Escherichia coli</em>. The climatologic parameters (maximum temperature, atmospheric pressure), bovine comfort thermal index and vegetation index have showed to influence the growth of the coliforms at 45°C and <em>Escherichia coli</em> with high incidence during the summer weather. The precipitation parameter, bovine thermal comfort and vegetation index have displayed to influence coagulase-positive<em> Staphylococcus</em> counting especially during the period between the summer end and the autumn beginning seasons. New Actions, and Rural Education and Health Programs should be implemented as politics of Food Safety. New strategies and programs for dissemination more effective on the risks of transmission of pathogens and Foodborne Diseases are necessary as the part of emergence politics of the health and education areas. Regulatory Actions should be encouraged within the processes that improve the quality control of raw milk as well its bioproducts, with professional assistance relevant in agriculture area.

scholarly journals Robust Trend Estimation for AR(1) Disturbances

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Fried ◽  
Ursula Gather
Keyword(s):  
Robust Estimation ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Autoregressive Process ◽  
Trend Estimation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Repeated Median

We discuss the robust estimation of a linear trend if the noise follows an autoregressive process of first order. We find the ordinary repeated median to perform well except for negative correlations. In this case it can be improved by a Prais-Winsten transformation using a robust autocorrelation estimator.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Relationship between Cerebrospinal Meningitis and Climate Variables in Kaduna State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Joyce Imara Nchom ◽  
A. S. Abubakar ◽  
F. O. Arimoro ◽  
B. Y. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
International Research Institute ◽  
Wind Speed Maximum ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between Meningitis and weather parameters (air temperature, maximum temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall) in Kaduna state, Nigeria on a weekly basis from 2007–2019. Meningitis data was acquired weekly from Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Bureau of Statistics and weather parameters were sourced from daily satellite data set National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI). The daily data were aggregated weekly to suit the study. The data were analysed using linear trend and Pearson correlation for relationship. The linear trend results revealed a weekly decline in Cerebro Spinal Meningitis (CSM), wind speed, maximum and air temperature and an increase in relative humidity and rainfall. Generally, results reveal that the most important explanatory weather variables influencing CSM amongst the five (5) are the weekly maximum temperature and air temperature with a positive correlation of 0.768 and 0.773. This study recommends that keen interest be placed on temperature as they play an essential role in the transmission of this disease and most times aggravate the patients' condition.

scholarly journals Variability and Trends of Temperature and Rainfall Over Three Agro-Ecological Zones in North Shewa, Central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashenafi Hailu Shekuru ◽  
Arega Bazezew Berlie ◽  
Yechale Kebede Bizuneh
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Annual Minimum Temperature ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Abstract This study aims to analyze variability and trends of temperature and rainfall over three agro-ecological zones (AEZs) in Central Ethiopia. Gridded rainfall and temperature data, recorded on daily basis for 35 years (1979 - 2013) at 30 meteorological stations, were used for analysis. While Mann–Kendall test was applied to analyze the trends in rainfall and temperature, Sen’s slope estimator was used to determine the magnitude of change. The study detected an upward trend of 0.07°C/annum (p < 0.001) in mean annual maximum temperature at Kolla AEZ. It also showed an upward trend of 0.06/year (p < 0.001) for both Dega and Woina Dega AEZs. Mean annual minimum temperature exhibited an upward trend of 0.03°C/year at Kolla (p < 0.001), Woina Dega (p < 0.05), and Dega (p < 0.01), signifying a 1.05°C increase between 1979 and 2013. Results from precipitation concentration index (PCI) revealed highest percentage (97.1%) of irregular distributions in annual rainfall pattern at Kolla AEZ, followed by Woina Dega (82.9%). Standardized rainfall anomalies (SRA) computed in the study also showed higher percentage (28.6%) of drought in Kolla AEZ, which experienced drought once in every 3 or 4 years. The study revealed negative annual rainfall anomalies for 18 years in Kolla and 16 years in both Dega and Woina Dega AEZs. The reduced precipitation and rise in temperature could trigger wide-ranging influences on agricultural practices and crop production of smallholder farmers. Policymakers and stakeholders should give priority in designing and introducing pro-poor plus geographically differentiated adaptive strategies.

scholarly journals Shared species of the spontaneous flora of a West African (Burkina Faso) and a Central European country (Germany)

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Wittig
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
European Country ◽  
West African ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Central European Country ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Central European ◽  
Reed Plants ◽  
Semi Arid

In spite of enormous climatic differences between Burkina Faso and Germany, 20 species belong to the spontaneous flora of both countries, i.e. 1% of the flora of Burkina Faso and 0.15 % of the German flora. All of them are either ruderal and segetal species (16) or water and reed plants (4). All of the 16 ruderals/segetals are therophytes. From a recent point of view, most of the 20 species can be classified as cosmopolitan, because they cover three and more floristic zones, and/or at least three climatic zones, and/or are represented in at least three continents. Although Burkina Faso has a semi-arid climate, none of the species can be called a sclero- or xerophyte. Therefore, in Burkina Faso, all are more or less bound to habitats at least temporarily flooded or to humid soils. In Germany, however, the concerned ruderals, with one exception, are indicators of medium dry or dry habitats.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document