scholarly journals Performance of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana lamk.) Varieties under Two Irrigation Scheduling of Saline Water in Central Gujarat Conditions in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
L. M. Patil ◽  
S. R. Gomkale ◽  
S. S. Roy ◽  
J. R. Mori ◽  
V. K. Kauthale
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Life Saving

The field experimentation was carried out at Instructional Farm, BAIF Development Research Foundation, Nanodara of Ahmadabad district during 2014 to 2018 with an objective to evaluate the response of the two ber varieties (Seb and Gola) to number of irrigations on the growth and yield of ber crop. It was also intended to understand effect of saline irrigation water on soil status as irrigation water of the study location is slightly saline in nature. The study was conducted in Split Plot Design with six replications. Treatments consisted of two irrigation schedule; normal irrigation at 15 days interval and life saving irrigation at 30 days interval and two varieties (Seb and Gola). Soil and irrigation water of the study location was analyzed using standard procedures for initial and yearly status, respectively.  Two ways ANOVA was carried out using R Studio Statistics Rx 64 software. Significance levels were tested at p≤0.05. The highest plant height (326.87 cm), girth size (60.75 cm), number of secondary branches per plant (7.24), dry leaf biomass per plant (3.96 kg), dry shoot weight per plant (16.65) as well as fruits per plant (337.58), fruit weight (56.96 g), fruit yield per plant (19.43 kg) and fruit yield per ha (5400 kg) were increased significantly with normal irrigation treatment (irrigations at 15 days interval) which was significantly superior over life saving irrigation. In case of varieties, all the parameters of the growth and yield of the crop were maximum for Gola variety compared to Seb. The pH, EC and SAR were comparatively lower in soil under life saving than normal irrigation.

scholarly journals Coupled Irrigation–Drainage Management Practice for HYV Rice Cultivation with Saline-Irrigation Water: Evidence from Lysimeter Experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p95
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman ◽  
Tanvir Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Mojid
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Irrigation Drainage ◽  
Main Factor

Irrigation with saline water adversely affects rice production and degrades land productivity in the coastal zones of many countries in the world. This study aimed at developing a suitable irrigation management practice to reduce the harmful effects of salinity on rice production under saline water irrigation. An experiment in raise-bed lysimeters was set in a split-split-plot design with irrigation–drainage practice as the main factor, irrigation water salinity as the sub-factor and rice variety as sub-sub factor; main factor and sub-factor comprised four treatments and the sub-sub factor comprised three treatments, each with three replications. The treatments of the main factor were – T1: 2-5 cm continuous ponding, T2: continuous saturation, T3: changing irrigation water after 3 days of application by maintaining 2-5 cm ponding depth, and T4: changing irrigation water after 5 days of application by maintaining 2-5 cm ponding depth. The sub-factor comprised – SL1: fresh water as control, SL2: saline water of 6 dS m-1, SL3: saline water of 9 dS m-1, and SL4: saline water of 12 dS m-1. The sub-sub factor comprised three salt-tolerant rice varieties V1: Binadhan-8, V2: Binadhan-10, and V3: BRRI dhan-47. The irrigation–drainage practices T2 and T3 provided significantly (p£0.05) improved growth and yield attributes of the rice varieties under salinity water level SL3 and SL4 compared to T1 and T4 treatments. The treatment T3 maintained least exposure of the crop to high degree of salinity and produced satisfactory plant attributes by inhibiting the detrimental effects of salinity. Therefore, T3 is suggested for adoption in practical fields when provision for removing high saline water from the rice fields can be arranged.

scholarly journals Morfofisiologia de porta-enxerto de goiabeira irrigado com águas salinizadas sob doses de nitrogênio

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVANDRO MANOEL DA SILVA ◽  
REGINALDO GOMES NOBRE ◽  
LEANDRO DE PÁDUA SOUZA ◽  
RAILENE HÉRICA CARLOS ROCHA ARAÚJO ◽  
FRANCISCO WESLEY ALVES PINHEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
N Dose

The irrigation with saline water reduces crop growth and yield, resulting in the need of new techniques that enable the use of this natural resource in fruit growing. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of saline irrigation water associated with different nitrogen doses on guava rootstock cv. Paluma morphophysiology. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized blocks design, testing 5 electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1) and four nitrogen doses for fertilization (541.1; 773.0; 1004.9 and 1236.8 mg dm-3), in a 5x4 factorial, with four repetitions. The increase in the ECw from 0.3 dS m-1 negatively affected the morphophysiology of guava rootstock cv. Paluma, especially during the younger phase of the crop. The N dose of 541 mg dm-3 stimulated the increase of most morphophysiological variables in guava rootstock during the period studied. The nitrogen fertilization did not reduced the salt stress effect on the evaluated variables.

THE EFFECT OF SALINITY OF IRRIGATION WATER AND SPRAYING BY HUMIC ACID IN SOME OF MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
E. K. Al-Fahdawe ◽  
A. A. Al-Sumaidaie ◽  
Y. K. Al-Hadithy
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

A pots experiment was conducted at the Department of Biology/College of Education for Girls/University of Anbar during Autumn season of 2018-2019 to study the effect of the salinity irrigation water and spray by humic acid in some of morphological, physiological, growth and yield traits of wheat cv. IPa. The experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was assigned for irrigation by saline water at four level (S0, S1, S2 and S3), while the second factor was the foliar spraying of humic acid in three level (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1). The results showed that there was significant reduction in plant height, vegetative dry weight, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content when the plants were irrigated by saline water approached to 41.09 cm, 0.747 g, 0.849 g plant-1 and 38.67 SPAD, respectively at salinity level of 8.3 ds m-1 compared with the plants which irrigated by fresh water. The total carbohydrates were significantly decreased at the treatment of 8.3 ds m-1 reached 18.71 mg g-1. Spray levels humic acid achieved a significant increase in plant height, dry weight of the vegetative part, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content sprayed at 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1 compared to no sprayed. Nitrogen concentration was significantly increased, while both phosphorus and potassium were decreased in the vegetative parts of wheat as the salinity of irrigation water increased. However, the increase of humic acid levels led to significant increasing in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration.

scholarly journals The Effect of Salinity and Irrigation Regimes on the Level of Fatty Acids in Olive Flesh Oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Ghaemi ◽  
Ali Dindarlou ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Golmakani ◽  
Fatemeh Razzaghi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Irrigation Levels

<p>Olive trees have the capability of growing under semi-arid regions, where drought and salinity are the major concerns. Two years field experiments were carried out to investigate the interaction effects of natural saline well water and irrigation levels on the quantity and quality of fatty acids in the olive flesh fruits (“Roghani” cultivar). A factorial layout within a randomized complete blocks design with three replications of five irrigation levels (I<sub>1</sub> to I<sub>5</sub> as 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 1.25 ET<sub>c</sub>) and three saline water levels  (S<sub>1</sub> to S<sub>3</sub> as 100%WW, 50%WW+50%FW and 100%FW) were considered. The fresh and brackish irrigation water were withdrawn from two different natural wells (fresh water (FW) and saline water wells (WW)). <em>Results revealed that <strong>increasing salinity and decreasing irrigation water levels caused significant increment in the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids, palmitic acid to the percentage of oil and oil percentage in olive flesh fruit</strong></em>. It is found that as water<em> </em>salinity increased from lowest to the highest level, the oleic acid trends to its highest value of 23.68% in I<sub>1</sub>S<sub>1</sub>. Mean values of palmitic acid in 2013 were 27.52% and decreased to 19% in 2014. <em>It is concluded that highest percentage of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acids obtained under high saline and less applied irrigation treatment (S<sub>1</sub>I<sub>2</sub>) yielding to improve the olive oil quality.</em></p>

scholarly journals Saline Irrigation Water Retards Growth of Amaranthus in Coastal Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ogalo Baka Oluoch ◽  
Esther Mwende Muindi ◽  
Elisha Otieno Gogo
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Coastal Kenya ◽  
Emergence Rate

Salinity is a major biotic factor that negatively affects growth and yield of crops. Over 90% of the coastal region of Kenya is arid and semi-arid, most farmers in the region use borehole irrigation water which is saline. Amaranthus spp. is one of the main vegetables grown in coastal region. There is limited information regarding the effect of salinity on amaranthus production. The study sought to determine the effect of saline irrigation water on amaranthus growth in coastal Kenya. Two experiments were set up, one at Mivumoni Secondary School farm in Kwale County and another at Pwani University farm in Kilifi County from beginning of September 2019 to the end of January, 2020. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The six treatments tested were: fresh water alone, 75% saline water alone, 100% saline water alone, fresh water + DAP, 75% saline water + DAP, 100% saline water + DAP. Crop growth data collected were: emergence rate, plant height, leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, stem thickness, root density, root weight, root volume and total plant biomass. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS statistical package (SAS, Version 10) and treatment effects were tested for significance using F-test. Significant means at F-test was ranked using Tukey’s test at 5% level of significance. Amaranthus seeds sown in fresh water had higher emergence rate compared to seeds sown in saline water. Salinity regardless of concentration used and application of DAP, resulted in decrease in height, leaf number, leaf area, stem tickness, chlorophyll content, root length, root weight, root volume and total biomass. The study demonstrates that saline irrigation water in coastal Kenya has a negative effect on Amaranthus growth.

scholarly journals Production of Pityrocarpa moniliformis (Benth.) Luckow & R.W. Jobson (Fabaceae) seedlings irrigated with saline water

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Adriana dos S. Ferreira ◽  
Caio C. P. Leal ◽  
Bruno da S. Guirra ◽  
Salvador B. Torres ◽  
Marco Porceddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B

ABSTRACT Saline irrigation water at high levels causes disturbance in the growth of more sensitive plants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the initial growth of Pityrocarpa moniliformis seedlings under different electrical conductivity in irrigation water through physiological and biochemical analyses. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with five water electrical conductivities (0.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dS m-1) and four repetitions of 20 plants each, arranged in a randomized block design. Application of the treatments with irrigation water containing NaCl began at 30 days after sowing. To determine the behaviour of the species, the following variables were analysed: stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, Dickson quality index, shoot dry mass, root dry mass and total dry mass, as well as the biochemical variables, such as the concentrations of total soluble sugars, free proline and chlorophylls a and b. The increase in irrigation water salinity hampered the growth of P. moniliformis seedlings, with electrical conductivity of 0.5 dS m-1 being the limit for maximum production. The results also indicated that the deleterious effects of salt stress on P. moniliformis seedlings variables increase in concentrations of proline, total soluble sugars and betaine glycine.

scholarly journals Growth and Water Relations of Sun-cured Tobacco Irrigated with Saline Water

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 394-401
Author(s):  
G Angelino ◽  
S Ascione ◽  
C Ruggiero
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Plant Salt Tolerance

AbstractWe have investigated the effects of saline irrigation on growth and water relations of two sun-cured tobacco genotypes, Xp102 and Px107, which belong to the Xanthia and Perustitza tobacco ecotypes, respectively. We compared three commercial sea salt concentrations of the irrigation water (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% w/v) plus a non-salinized control, corresponding to an electrical conductivity (ECw) of 4.4, 8.5, 15.7, 0.5 dS m-1 and osmotic potentials of -0.22, -0.35, -0.73, -0.02 MPa, respectively. The ECsoil increased with the salinity of the irrigation water. At high salinity (1%), the soil where Px107 plants were grown showed a significantly higher salinity compared to the soil of Xp102. For both genotypes, the soil water content increased at increasing salinity and during the growth season. Increasing salinity progressively reduced the leaf turgor pressure and enhanced the cellular osmotic adjustment. The latter resulted to be more pronounced in Px107 compared to Xp102 (0.36 vs. 0.20 MPa). At higher salinity (0.5% and 1%), both genotypes showed reduced leaf surface area, dry matter accumulation, water use, net assimilation rate (NAR) and crop growth rate (CGR). Px107 roots were more sensitive than shoot to salinity (3% reduction per dS m-1) and compared to Xp102 roots, which showed a reduced development only at 1% salinity. Assessment of plant salt tolerance according to the Maas and Hoffman model revealed a slope of 1-2% for both genotypes, indicating that these tobaccos are relatively more salt tolerant compared to other species.

scholarly journals The Response of Fordhook Giant / Swisschard (Beta vulgaris var Cicla) and Mustard (Brassica Juncea) Spinach Vegetables to Irrigation with Saline Water

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
M. V. Dlamini ◽  
M. T. Masarirambi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The University

Saline irrigation water is becoming an important water source as fresh water is fast becoming a scarce resource in many areas of the world, including Eswatini, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.  A study to test the response of two varieties of spinach (fordhook giant and mustard) to salinity was conducted in a field pot experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture at the Luyengo Campus of the University of Eswatini.  The treatments were laid in a randomized block design (RCBD).  The experiment consisted of four treatments, each replicated twelve times.  Treatments were salinity levels of 0.0 dS/m, 1.5 dS/m, 2.0 dS/m and 3.5 dS/m.  All the treatments were subjected to similar agronomic practices. Spinach was grown and observed for a period of five weeks.  Plant height was measured and the number of leaves counted weekly throughout the experiment. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between salinity treatments were obtained for plant height beginning in week 2 but were more pronounced in week 3, 4 and week 5.  No significant differences were obtained for the number of leaves.  There were however, clear significant differences between spinach irrigated with none saline irrigation water compared to saline irrigation water.   It was concluded that irrigating spinach with saline water of more than 2.0 dS/m drastically reduce plant growth but not the number of leaves under the conditions of the experiment.

Long-term effects of saline irrigation water on 'Valencia' orange trees: relationships between growth and yield, and salt levels in soil and leaves

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Prior ◽  
A. M. Grieve ◽  
K. B. Bevington ◽  
P. G. Slavich
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Eastern Australia

This study documents changes in yield, growth, soil salinity (ECe) and leaf sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) concentrations in mature Valencia orange [Citrus sinensis (L.Osbeck)] trees on sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) rootstock in response to increased levels of Na and Cl in irrigation water. Four levels of salt, ranging from the river-water control (0.44 dS/m) to 2.50 dS/m, were applied over a 9-year period through an under-tree microsprinkler system to trees in the Sunraysia area of the Murray Valley in south-eastern Australia. A salt-balance model showed that evapotranspiration was reduced by salinity, whereas leaching fractions increased from an average 24% in the control to 51% in the most saline treatment. The high leaching fractions were achieved as a result of freely draining soils and good irrigation management, and allowed us to maintain low to moderate levels of soil salinity throughout the trial and minimised the effect of salt treatment on fruit yield. Soil salinity increased almost linearly in response to irrigation-water salinity during the first year, and fluctuated seasonally thereafter; however, very few readings exceeded 3 dS/m, even in the highest treatments. By contrast, leaf Na and Cl concentrations in the highest salt treatment continued to increase over the first 4 years. The relationship between yield and soil salinity was extremely weak, but yield did decrease as foliar concentrations of Na and Cl increased: in Year 9, leaf Na in the highest treatment relative to the control was associated with a predicted reduction of 17% in yield and 59% in annual trunk-diameter growth.

scholarly journals Irrigation and fertigation scheduling under drip irrigation for maize crop in sandy soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmed A. El-Baroudy ◽  
Ahmed M. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation Time

Abstract Field experiments was conducted to determine the best irrigation scheduling and the proper period for injecting fertilizers through drip irrigation water in a sandy soil to optimize maize yield and water productivity. Four irrigation levels (0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2) of the crop evapotranspiration and two fertigation periods (applying the recommended fertilizer dose in 60 and 80% of the irrigation time) were applied in a split-plot design, in addition to a control treatment which represented conventional irrigation and fertilization of maize in the studied area. The results showed that increasing the irrigation water amount and the fertilizer application period increased vegetative growth and yield. The highest grain yield and the lowest one were obtained under the treatment at 1.2 and of 0.6 crop evapotranspiration, respectively. The treatment at 0.8 crop evapotranspiration with fertilizer application in 80% of the irrigation time gave the highest water productivity (1.631 kg m−3) and saved 27% of the irrigation water compared to the control treatment. Therefore, this treatment is recommended to irrigate maize crops because of the water scarcity conditions of the studied area.

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