scholarly journals Effect of Straw Biochar on Soil Acidity and Phosphorus Nutrition in Wheat

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. N. Rangaswami ◽  
G. C. Banik ◽  
S. Rakesh ◽  
K. T. Uma
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Incubation Study

Two biochars were produced from the rice and wheat residues by slow pyrolysis (at 400°C) in muffle furnace with an aim to study the effect of their application on some chemical properties of acidic soil such as pH, exchangeable acidity and cation exchange capacity (CEC) as well as their effect on phosphorus uptake by wheat in a greenhouse experiment. The incubation study was conducted incubating acidic soil (Typic Fluvaquent, pH 5.07) with assorted doses of biochars (0, 10, 20 and 60 g kg-1) for 120 days. A dose of lime at half or the lime requirement was also added separately for comparison. Results indicated that incubation period (F, 84.81; Pr>F, <.0001) and application rate (F, 281.05; Pr>F, <.0001) had significant effects (p < 0.05) on the pH of soil. Both the biochars had significant effects on exchangeable acidity and CEC. Application of biochar derived from wheat residues showed relatively greater increase of soil pH. Graded doses (0, 5, 10 and 20 g kg-1) of both biochar addition significantly increased the phosphorus uptake by different plant parts as well as yield of wheat in greenhouse experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of termite activity on soil under different land management strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Liane Barreto Alves Pinheiro ◽  
Rodrigo Camara ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Eduardo Lima ◽  
Maria Elizabeth Fernandes Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Surrounding Soil

Mound-building termites are important agents of soil bioperturbation, but these species have not been extensively studied thus far. The present study aimed to evaluate the soil particle-size and the chemical attributes of termite mounds and the surrounding soil under different land use strategies. A one-hectare plot was defined for an unmanaged degraded pasture, planted pasture, and for a eucalyptus Corymbia citriodora plantation. In each plot, the top, center, and base sections of five Cornitermes cumulans mounds, and the surrounding soil at the depths of 0-5; 5-10; 10-20 cm, were sampled in the Pinheiral, Rio de Janeiro state. In the three areas, the center of the mounds contained higher clay content, organic carbon, phosphorous, calcium and magnesium, total bases, and cation exchangeable capacity, when compared to the top, base, and the surrounding soils. However, the center had lower values of exchangeable acidity and potassium, of the three areas. In the eucalyptus plantation, the values of pH, total bases, calcium, and magnesium were lower, whereas aluminum, exchangeable acidity, sodium, and cation exchange capacity were higher both in the mounds and in the surrounding soil, in relation to the pastures. There were no differences among the three areas in terms of organic carbon, potassium, phosphorous, and total bases, in the mounds and adjacent soil. Thus, the termite activity altered the clay content and most of the soil chemical properties in all of the studied areas, but only for the center of the mounds. However, the effect of these organisms was different in the eucalyptus plantation in relation to the pasture areas.

scholarly journals Liming Effects of Sawdust Ash and Lime on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Yield in Acidic Soil of Southeastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. V. Ogbenna ◽  
V. E. Osodeke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Head Weight

Aim: A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of sawdust ash and lime (Ca(OH)2) on soil characteristics and yield of sunflower in acidic soil of southeastern Nigeria. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, using sawdust ash (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t ha-1) as the sub plot and lime (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 t ha-1) as the main plot. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted outdoors at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria, during the 2010 planting season. Materials and Methods: Treatment combinations were applied to the 60 buckets containing soil, mixed thoroughly and watered adequately. After 1 week of treatment application, two sunflower seeds were planted and later thinned to one seedling per bucket. Plant growth and yield data were collected. Pre planting and post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil properties. Results: Results showed that with the exception of organic carbon there was significant effect of treatments on all soil chemical properties. Lime and sawdust ash (SDA) as single and combined treatments significantly increased total nitrogen (P=0.05), available phosphorus (P<0.010), and base saturation (P<0.012). The interaction between SDA and lime significantly (P=0.05) increased total exchangeable bases and effective cation exchange capacity, while soil pH was significantly increased (P=0.05) by single applications. The increases in soil chemical properties led to significant positive response of the sunflower. With the exception of number of leaves, other plant parameters (Plant height, stem diameter, head weight, 50 seed weight, head diameter) had significant increases for sawdust ash alone at P=0.05. Correlation studies showed positive significant relationship between soil pH and sunflower yield. Conclusion: The study showed that sunflower performed best at the combination of 3 tha-1 SDA and 1.5 t ha-1 lime producing a mean head weight of 45.4 g.

scholarly journals Changes in some chemical properties of saline-sodic soils over time as affected by organic residues: An incubation study

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mohsen Jalali ◽  
Maryam Saeedi Lotf ◽  
Faranak Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Sodic Soils ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Incubation Study

<p>Salinization and sodification of agricultural lands in arid and semi-arid regions of the world are two limiting factors in the crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of readily available agricultural residues on changing some chemical properties of saline-sodic soils. Wheat, potato, sunflower, and canola residues were separately added into three saline-sodic soils at a rate of 2% by weight and thoroughly mixed with soils. Control and treated soils were incubated for 168 days at a constant moisture and temperature. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soluble cations, available nitrate (NO3-) and phosphorous (P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) were measured during the incubation. The EC increased in the response to the incorporation of plant residues, whereas the pH was reduced. The application of organic components in soils increased CEC and decreased ESP. The results showed that the maximum reduction in ESP was observed in the potato treatment because of the highest Ca2+ concentration. The average reduction in ESP of treated soil samples at the end of incubation followed this order: 16.1% (potato residue-treated soil) &gt;12.7% (canola residue-treated soil) &gt;11.1% (wheat residue-treated soil) &gt;9.6% (sunflwer residue-treated soil). The potato residue was the most effective amendment in changing the chemical properties of saline-sodic soils in comparison with other organic residues. The results indicated that the application of organic residues had a positive impact on reducing the soil sodicity and improving the soil fertility depending on their chemical composition.</p>

Effects of biochars generated from crop residues on chemical properties of acid soils from tropical and subtropical China

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hua Yuan ◽  
Ren-Kou Xu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Exchangeable Base Cations ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity

The chemical compositions of biochars from ten crop residues generated at 350°C and their effects on chemical properties of acid soils from tropical and subtropical China were investigated. There was greater alkalinity and contents of base cations in the biochars from legume residues than from non-legume residues. Carbonates and organic anions of carboxyl and phenolic groups were the main forms of alkalis in the biochars, and their relative contributions to biochar alkalinity varied with crop residues. Incubation experiments indicated that biochar incorporation increased soil pH and soil exchangeable base cations and decreased soil exchangeable acidity. There were greater increases in soil pH and soil exchangeable base cations, and a greater decrease in soil exchangeable acidity, for biochars from legume than from non-legume residues. The biochars did not increase the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils with relatively high initial CEC but did increase the CEC of soils with relatively low initial CEC at an addition level of 1%. The incorporation of biochars from crop residues not only corrected soil acidity but also increased contents of potassium, magnesium, and calcium in these acid soils from tropical and subtropical regions and thus improved soil fertility.

The ameliorative effects of low-grade palygorskite on acidic soil

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Jin-Hua Yuan ◽  
Sheng-Zhe E ◽  
Zong-Xian Che
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Acid Neutralisation

Mineral composition and alkaline properties of palygorskite (Pal), and its ameliorative effects on chemical properties of acid soil were investigated. Dolomite was the main form of alkali in Pal and the acid neutralisation capacity of Pal was 215 cmol kg–1. Incubation experiments indicated that Pal incorporation increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity, base saturation and exchangeable K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents, and decreased the levels of exchangeable H+, Al3+ and acidity, over a 1-year period. The ameliorative mechanisms were the dissolution of major alkaline matter in Pal (i.e. dolomite), and the exchange between released Ca2+ and Mg2+ with H+ in acidic soil. Hence, Pal can be used as a moderate acidic soil amendment.

LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF LIME ADDITIONS ON SUGARCANE YIELD AND SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN NORTH QUEENSLAND

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. NOBLE ◽  
A. P. HURNEY
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Highly Weathered Soils

In many highly weathered soils of the humid tropics, crop exploitation of the subsoil environment is limited through acid soil infertility. Since the use of mechanical profile modification is often prohibitive, surface incorporation of soil amendments is often the only means available to rectify this problem. A field trial was established with sugarcane on a strongly Acidic Dystrophic Brown Dermosol (Oxic Humitropept) in 1978 to evaluate the effects of surface incorporated lime additions on yield and performance of sugarcane. Eighteen years after the establishment of this trial, significant responses in cane yield were still evident following a single application of 5 t lime ha−1 made in 1978, as well as repeated applications of 5 t ha−1 on three occasions over the past 18 years. Progressive reductions in exchangeable acidity were accompanied by increases in subsoil Ca2+ and Mg2+. Soil pH increased significantly to a depth of 100 cm, this being attributed to the formation of ion pairs with NO3 in the surface soil, the subsequent leaching of these complexes and the differential uptake of NO3 at depth by roots. The results from this long-term study indicate that surface incorporation of lime is an economically viable approach to the remediation of subsoil acidity on soils such as those studied, namely, those with a low inherent cation exchange capacity and anion exchange capacity.

Land application technique for the treatment and disposal of sewage sludge

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Zain ◽  
H. Basri ◽  
F. Suja' ◽  
O. Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Treated Soil

Some of the major concerns when applying sewage sludge to land include the potential effect on pH and cation exchange capacity; the mobility and the accumulation of heavy metals in sludge treated soil; the potential of applying too much nutrients and the problems associated with odors and insects. The main objective of this study is to identify the effects of sewage sludge application on the physical and chemical properties of sludge treated soil. Sewage sludge was applied to soil at various rates ranging from 0 L/m2 to 341 L/m2. In order to simulate the natural environment, the study was carried out at a pilot treatment site (5.2 m × 6.7 m) in an open area, covered with transparent roofing material to allow natural sunlight to pass through. Simulated rain was applied by means of a sprinkler system. Data obtained from sludge treated soil showed that the pH values decreased when the application rates were increased and the application period prolonged. The effect of sewage sludge on cation exchange capacity was not so clear; the values obtained for every application rate of sewage sludge did not indicate any consistent behaviour. The mobility of heavy metals in soils treated with sludge were described by observing the changes in the concentration of the heavy metals. The study showed that Cd has the highest mobility in sludge treated soil followed by Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni and Pb.

scholarly journals Bovine manure and rock powder and their influences on the chemical characteristics of a Latossolo soil type (yellow oxisols) under butter kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) cultivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-457
Author(s):  
Micaela Benigna Pereira ◽  
Mário Leno Martins Véras ◽  
Neriane Rodrigues de Lima ◽  
Leandro Gonçalves Dos Santos ◽  
Thiago Jardelino Dias
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Rock Powder ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Different Doses

Chemical soil quality is one of the factors more quickly affected by anthropogenic degradation processes and is one of the more important components for the development of agriculture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of cattle manure and rock powder on the chemical characteristics of soil cultivated with butter kale. The treatments were arranged in five randomized blocks in a 4´4 factorial for the different doses of bovine manure (60, 120, 180 and 240 g/plant) combined with doses of rock powder (6, 12, 18 and 24 g/plant). Each block was composed of three plots, 18 m long and 1 m wide. The bed was composed of six portions, and each experimental plot consisted of 14 plants spaced at 0.40´0.40 m. At the end of the experiment, the following were analyzed: pH, organic matter, P, K, Na, Mg, exchangeable acidity, cation exchange capacity (CEC), sum of base and base saturation. The doses of bovine manure and MB-4 provided an increase in pH, organic matter, concentration of phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, exchangeable acidity, cation exchange capacity, sum of the base and saturation of the soil base. The doses of 240 g of cattle manure and 24 g of rock dust generated an increase in the chemical properties of the soil.

scholarly journals Rice Husk Dust and NPK Improve Soil Chemical Properties and Growth Response of Jatropha

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
E. O. Azu Donatus ◽  
B. A. Essien ◽  
O. U. Nwanja ◽  
P. E. Nweke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity

The present study investigated the combined effect of rice husk dust (RHD) (0.1.2.3.4 and 5 ton ha-1) and NPK 10:10:10 fertilizer (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ton ha-1) arranged factorially in Randomized Complete Block Design(RCBD)on selected soil fertility indices (pH, organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases, exchangeable acidity and effective cation exchange capacity) and growth parameters of Jatropha (number of leaves, plant height, number of branches and stem girth) in an ultisol of southeastern Nigeria. Results showed significant (P<0.05) improvement in all soil chemical properties and growth parameters of plant compared to control which had no treatment. However, the effects varied with treatment levels and interactions. While the effects increased with rate of application, interactions consistently showed superior effect on all parameters studied. Thus, combining rice husk dust (RHD) and NPK may increase the soil fertility and growth of Jatropha. Treatments combination of5tonha-1 RHD and 3tonha-1 NPK and 5tonha-1 RHD and 5tonha-1 NPK relatively gave the most appreciable result in soil chemical properties and growth of Jatropha respectively, thus are recommended.

scholarly journals Assessment of nutrients status of areas supporting optimum oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. L) cultivation in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
I. Danso ◽  
S. A. Okyere ◽  
E. Larbi ◽  
F. Danso ◽  
B. N. Nuertey
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

In Ghana, information on the fertility status to support oil palm growth and productivity and possible fertilizer recommendation is not common. The objective of this study was to assess the nutrition-related limitations to production of oil palm across areas climatically delineated as optimum for sustainable oil palm production. Based on Ghana Interim Soil Classification System, benchmark soils identified in these areas were: Temang (Lixisols), Akroso (Acrisol), Kokofu (Alisols), Basitia (Acrislos), Firam (Acrisols) and Nkwanta (Acrisols). Results indicated generally strongly acidic soil and exchangeable acidity values obtained were high and consistent with very acidic soil conditions. There were generally- high C: N ratios (>20) except some few sites, thus supplementary nitrogen is required to reduce C: N ratio and improve N availability. The Total Exchangeable Bases (TEB), Effective Cation Exchange Capacity (ECEC) and available P values were less than the optimum values for sustainable oil palm production. Both soil and foliar analysis indicated that soils in areas assessed have low soil fertility with relatively good soil physical conditions. It is recommended that instead of superphosphate fertilizer application, rock phosphate should be administered due to high acidity. Raising the low ECEC levels of the soil calls for composted empty fruit bunches incorporation.

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