Isolation of Chemical Constituents and Invitro Antidiabetic Activity of Mirabilis Jalapa Flower Extracts

Objectives: The present work was designed to investigate the phytochemical and in vitro screening of the flower extracts of Mirabilis jalapa. Materials and Methods: Phytochemical constituents were isolated using column chromatography and characterized of the compounds were carried out using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy data. In vitro anti-diabetic activity was evaluated by alpha-amylase inhibition assay and Alpha-glucosidase inhibition assay. Results: Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract revealed the presence of a flavonoid Kaempferol and a triterpenoid Lupeol. In vitro investigation indicated that the Mirabilis jalapa flowers extracts has considerable anti-diabetic activity Conclusion: The anti-diabetic activity may due to the presence of phytoconstituents like flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids.

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Aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun singawalang (Petiveria alliacea L.) dan fraksinya sebagai antidiabetes

Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi ◽

10.26874/kjif.v5i2.131 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Elis Susilawati ◽

I Ketut Adnyana ◽

Neng Fisheri

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Insulin Deficiency ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Petiveria Alliacea ◽

Alpha Glucosidase

Abstrak Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah sekelompok gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. Salah satu tanaman yang mempunyai efek antidiabetes adalah daun singawalang (Petiveria alliacea L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antidiabetes dengan model hewan defisiensi insulin dan penghambatan enzim alfa glukosidase. Pengujian defisiensi insulin dilakukan menggunakan mencit induksi aloksan. Mencit dikelompokkan menjadi 11 kelompok, yaitu normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (glibenklamid 0,65 mg/kgbb), ekstrak etanol (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb), fraksi n-heksana (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb), fraksi etil asetat (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb), dan fraksi air (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb). Pemberian bahan uji dilakukan berulang setiap hari selama 14 hari dan kadar glukosa darah diukur pada hari ke-7, 14, 17, dan 19. Kemudian hewan dikorbankan, dilakukan isolasi pankreas, dan dihitung luas pulau Langerhans, jumlah sel alfa dan beta pankreas. Pada uji hambat enzim alfa glukosidase, dilakukan penentuan nilai IC50 tiap fraksi terhadap aktivitas enzim, dan akarbose digunakan sebagai pembanding. Hasil uji defisiensi insulin menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb memiliki kemampuan untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Berdasarkan hasil histologi pankreas juga menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb mengurangi jumlah sel alfa pankreas, diperkirakan dapat menurunkan sekresi glukagon. Pada metode penghambatan enzim alfa glukosidase fraksi n-heksana dan fraksi air menunjukkan adanya penghambatan aktivitas enzim alfa glukosidase yang lebih baik dibandingkan akarbose. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ektrak etanol daun singawalang dan fraksinya mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antidiabetes. Kata kunci: Daun singawalang, defisiensi insulin, enzim alfa glukosidase. In vivo and in vitro activity of ethanol extracts from the leaves of singawalang (Petiveria alliacea l.) and its fractions as antidiabetic Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia. One of the plants that has antidiabetic effect is the leaves of singawalang (Petitiia alliacea L.). This study aims to examine antidiabetic activity with animal model of insulin deficiency and inhibition of alpha glucosidase enzyme. Tests of insulin deficiency were performed using alloxan induction mice. The mice were grouped into 11 groups, normal, negative control, positive control (glibenclamide 0.65 mg/kgbw), ethanol extract (doses 80 and 160 mg/kgbw), n-hexane fractions (doses 80 and 160 mg/kgbw), ethyl acetate doses 80 and 160 mg/kgbw), and water fractions (doses of 80 and 160 mg/kgbw). Testing was performed daily for 14 days and blood glucose was measured on days 7, 14, 17, and 19. Later animals were sacrificed, isolated pancreas, and calculated the area of Langerhans Island, the number of alpha and beta cells of the pancreas. In the alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition test, IC50 values were determined for each fraction of enzyme activity, and the acarbose was used as a comparison. Insulin deficiency test results showed that ethanol extract dose 80 and 160 mg/kg bw has the ability to lower blood glucose levels. Based on histological results of the pancreas also showed that ethanol extract dose 80 and 160 mg/kgbw reduce the number of pancreatic alpha cells, is expected to decrease glucagon secretion. In the inhibition method of alpha glucosidase enzyme n-hexane fraction and water fraction showed the inhibition of alpha glucosidase enzyme activity better than akarbose. The conclusion of this research is the ethanol extract of singawalang leaves and fraction has activity as antidiabetes. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, leaf singawalang, insulin deficiency, the enzyme alpha-glucosidase.

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Aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun singawalang (Petiveria alliacea L.) dan fraksinya sebagai antidiabetes

Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi ◽

10.26874/kjif.v5i2.113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Elis Susilawati ◽

I Ketut Adnyana ◽

Neng Fisheri

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Insulin Deficiency ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Petiveria Alliacea ◽

Alpha Glucosidase

Abstrak Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah sekelompok gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. Salah satu tanaman yang mempunyai efek antidiabetes adalah daun singawalang (Petiveria alliacea L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antidiabetes dengan model hewan defisiensi insulin dan penghambatan enzim alfa glukosidase. Pengujian defisiensi insulin dilakukan menggunakan mencit induksi aloksan. Mencit dikelompokkan menjadi 11 kelompok, yaitu normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (glibenklamid 0,65 mg/kgbb), ekstrak etanol (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb), fraksi n-heksana (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb), fraksi etil asetat (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb), dan fraksi air (dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb). Pemberian bahan uji dilakukan berulang setiap hari selama 14 hari dan kadar glukosa darah diukur pada hari ke-7, 14, 17, dan 19. Kemudian hewan dikorbankan, dilakukan isolasi pankreas, dan dihitung luas pulau Langerhans, jumlah sel alfa dan beta pankreas. Pada uji hambat enzim alfa glukosidase, dilakukan penentuan nilai IC50 tiap fraksi terhadap aktivitas enzim, dan akarbose digunakan sebagai pembanding. Hasil uji defisiensi insulin menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb memiliki kemampuan untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Berdasarkan hasil histologi pankreas juga menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dosis 80 dan 160 mg/kgbb mengurangi jumlah sel alfa pankreas, diperkirakan dapat menurunkan sekresi glukagon. Pada metode penghambatan enzim alfa glukosidase fraksi n-heksana dan fraksi air menunjukkan adanya penghambatan aktivitas enzim alfa glukosidase yang lebih baik dibandingkan akarbose. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ektrak etanol daun singawalang dan fraksinya mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antidiabetes. Kata kunci: Daun singawalang, defisiensi insulin, enzim alfa glukosidase. In vivo and in vitro activity of ethanol extracts from the leaves of singawalang (Petiveria alliacea l.) and its fractions as antidiabetic Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia. One of the plants that has antidiabetic effect is the leaves of singawalang (Petitiia alliacea L.). This study aims to examine antidiabetic activity with animal model of insulin deficiency and inhibition of alpha glucosidase enzyme. Tests of insulin deficiency were performed using alloxan induction mice. The mice were grouped into 11 groups, normal, negative control, positive control (glibenclamide 0.65 mg/kgbw), ethanol extract (doses 80 and 160 mg/kgbw), n-hexane fractions (doses 80 and 160 mg/kgbw), ethyl acetate doses 80 and 160 mg/kgbw), and water fractions (doses of 80 and 160 mg/kgbw). Testing was performed daily for 14 days and blood glucose was measured on days 7, 14, 17, and 19. Later animals were sacrificed, isolated pancreas, and calculated the area of Langerhans Island, the number of alpha and beta cells of the pancreas. In the alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition test, IC50 values were determined for each fraction of enzyme activity, and the acarbose was used as a comparison. Insulin deficiency test results showed that ethanol extract dose 80 and 160 mg/kg bw has the ability to lower blood glucose levels. Based on histological results of the pancreas also showed that ethanol extract dose 80 and 160 mg/kgbw reduce the number of pancreatic alpha cells, is expected to decrease glucagon secretion. In the inhibition method of alpha glucosidase enzyme n-hexane fraction and water fraction showed the inhibition of alpha glucosidase enzyme activity better than akarbose. The conclusion of this research is the ethanol extract of singawalang leaves and fraction has activity as antidiabetes. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, leaf singawalang, insulin deficiency, the enzyme alpha-glucosidase.

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Potential Application of Some Lamiaceae Species in the Management of Diabetes

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 279

Author(s):

Ninon G.E.R. Etsassala ◽

Ahmed A. Hussein ◽

Felix Nchu

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Review Paper ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Adverse Side Effects ◽

Potential Source ◽

Ancient Times ◽

Phytochemical Constituents

Diabetes is one of the most dangerous metabolic disorders, with high rates of mortality worldwide. Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine to treat many diseases, including diabetes and its related complications. Plants are widely accepted, affordable, and perceived to have minimal adverse side effects. The Lamiaceae family is a potential source of therapeutic agents for the management of metabolic disorders, including diabetes. Hence, this review paper summarizes the antidiabetic use of Lamiaceae species in folk medicine globally. Furthermore, we present the antidiabetic activities and phytochemical constituents of twenty-three (23) Lamiaceae species and the antidiabetic activity of some notable chemical constituents isolated from some of these Lamiaceae species.

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High-Throughput Identification of Organic Compounds from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (Zhiheshouwu) by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26133977 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 3977

Author(s):

Shaoyun Wang ◽

Xiaozhu Sun ◽

Shuo An ◽

Fang Sang ◽

Yunli Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Polygonum Multiflorum ◽

Q Exactive ◽

Orbitrap Ms

Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), as the processed product of tuberous roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines, with a long history. However, in recent years, liver adverse reactions linked to PMRP have been frequently reported. Our work attempted to investigate the chemical constituents of PMRP for clinical research and safe medication. In this study, an effective and rapid method was established to separate and characterize the constituents in PMRP by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). Based on the accurate mass measurements for molecular and characteristic fragment ions, a total of 103 compounds, including 24 anthraquinones, 21 stilbenes, 15 phenolic acids, 14 flavones, and 29 other compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Forty-eight compounds were tentatively characterized from PMRP for the first time, and their fragmentation behaviors were summarized. There were 101 components in PMRP ethanol extract (PMRPE) and 91 components in PMRP water extract (PMRPW). Simultaneously, the peak areas of several potential xenobiotic components were compared in the detection, which showed that PMRPE has a higher content of anthraquinones and stilbenes. The obtained results can be used in pharmacological and toxicological research and provided useful information for further in vitro and in vivo studies.

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Trichilones A–E: New Limonoids from Trichilia adolfi

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3070

Author(s):

Mariela Gonzalez-Ramirez ◽

Ivan Limachi ◽

Sophie Manner ◽

Juan C. Ticona ◽

Efrain Salamanca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

High Field ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Murine Macrophage ◽

New Metabolites

In addition to the trichilianones A–D recently reported from Trichilia adolfi, a continuing investigation of the chemical constituents of the ethanol extract of the bark of this medicinal plant yielded the five new limonoids 1–5. They are characterized by having four fused rings and are new examples of prieurianin-type limonoids, having a ε-lactone which in 4 and 5 is α, β- unsaturated. The structures of the isolated metabolites were determined by high field NMR spectroscopy and HR mass spectrometry. The new metabolites were shown to have the ε-lactone fused with a tetrahydrofuran ring which is connected to an oxidized hexane ring joined with a cyclo-pentanone having a 3-furanyl substituent. As the crude extract possesses antileishmanial activity, the compounds were assayed for cytotoxic and antiparasitic activities in vitro in murine macrophage cells (raw 264.7 cells) and in Leishmania amazoniensis as well as L. braziliensis promastigotes. Metabolites 1–3 and 5 showed moderate cytotoxicity (between 30–94 µg/mL) but are not responsible for the antileishmanial effect of the extract.

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In VitroAnti-Plasmodial Activity ofTrigonella foenum–graecumL.

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1093/ecam/nen030 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 441-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Palaniswamy ◽

B. V. Pradeep ◽

R. Sathya ◽

J. Angayarkanni

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Active Principle ◽

Test Plant ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Inhibition Assay ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Solvent Systems ◽

Fenugreek Leaves

Developing countries, where malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases, still rely on traditional medicine as a source for the treatment of this disease. For the present study,Trigonella foenum-graecumL. (fenugreek) were collected from Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. The test plant has been used in India by traditional healers for the treatment of fever as well as other diseases. The active principle was extracted out in different solvent systems to assess the anti-plasmodial potential, with an aim that they can further be utilized to formulate drugs.In vitroanti-plasmodial assay of the extracted fractions of fenugreek leaves was carried out using laboratory adapted chloroquine sensitive and resistantPlasmodium falciparumisolates. Schizont maturation inhibition assay was adopted to analyze the potential of the extracts. Ethanol extract (50%) seemed to possess profound anti-plasmodial activity with IC50value of 8.75 ± 0.35 µg ml−1and 10.25 ± 0.35 µg ml−1against chloroquine sensitive and resistantP. falciparumisolates, respectively. Among the investigated six fractions of the plant extracts, two were found to have significant anti-plasmodial activity with IC50values <10 µg ml−1, namely ethanol and butanol extracts. Two extracts chloroform and ethyl acetate showed moderate activity with IC50values ranging from 10 to 20 µg ml−1, and the other two extracts, hexane and water appeared to be inactive with IC50values >85 µg ml−1. In addition, preliminary phytochemical screening of the various extracts indicated the presence of alkaloids, saponin, tannin like phenolic compounds, flavonoids and steroids.

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Chemical Characterization and Antidiabetic Activity of Essential Oils from Pelargonium graveolens Leaves

ARO-The Scientific Journal of Koya University ◽

10.14500/aro.10791 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 109-113

Author(s):

Javed Ahamad ◽

Subasini Uthirapathy

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Study Finding ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Pelargonium Graveolens

Pelargonium graveolens (Geranium) is a source of the finest quality of fragrance and its essential oils are used as antibacterial, and antifungal agents. The aim of the current research is to determine chemical constituents in the essential oil of P. graveolens by GC-MS and evaluate its antidiabetic activity via α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The chemical composition of P. graveolens essential oil was determined by GC/MS and its antidiabetic activity was assessed through inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme in in-vitro models. GC-MS analysis determines 36 chemical components in the essential oil of P. graveolens leaves, and citronellyl isovalerate (10.41 %), menthol (9.61 %), linalool (8.63 %), p-menthone (6.31 %), and geranyl tiglate (4.99 %) were recorded as major constituents. The essential oil of P. graveolens leaves showed concentration dependant inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme ranging from 28.13±1.41 to 74.24±2.53 µg/mL for concentration ranging from 31.25 to 1000 µg/mL. The IC50 values for of P. graveolens and acarbose were found as 93.72±4.76 and 80.4±2.17 µg/mL, respectively against the α-glucosidase enzyme. The study finding explores the chemical components of P. graveolens growing in the Iraqi Kurdistan region and scientifically supported its possible use in diabetic patients for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia.

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Phytochemical Investigation of the Leaves of Tetracera scandens Linn. and In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Hypoletin

Proceedings of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (ICSTSS) 2012 ◽

10.1007/978-981-287-077-3_71 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 591-608 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qamar Uddin Ahmed ◽

Abdulrashid Umar ◽

Muhammad Taher ◽

Deny Susanti ◽

Mohamed Zaffar Ali Mohamed Amiroudine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Phytochemical Investigation

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PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF Kigelia africana AND Mansoa alliacea - A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11s4.31703 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Sowmyalakshmi Venkataraman ◽

Gunda Srilakshmi

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Reproductive Organ ◽

Human Beings ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Phytochemical Constituents ◽

Athlete’S Foot ◽

Collective Information

Context: The focus of the present review is to compile the different phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of bignoniaceous plants, namely Kigelia africana and Mansoa alliacea. Objective: Medicinal plants are routinely used in clinical practice for the treatment of various diseases of human beings over thousands of years across the world. In rural areas of the developing countries, they are still used in practice due to the easy availability of the medication. The main objective of this work is to explore the phytochemical studies and biological activities of plants belonging to Bignoniaceae family. Methods: The present study also discusses about the different phytochemical constituents of K. africana and M. alliacea that were isolated and characterized using various analytical methods. Different extracts of these plants were subjected to different in vitro anticancer, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antimalarial activities using earlier reported methods were also discussed. Results: K. africana is commonly referred to as sausage or cucumber tree due to its huge sausage or cucumber-like fruit. These plants find application as traditional medicine for treating several ailments such as malignant tumor, ulcer, aging, and malaria among others. It is conjointly used for the treatment of reproductive organ infections, renal ailments, dizziness, epilepsy, sickle cell disease, depression, metabolism disorders, skin grievance, leprosy, impetigo, helminthic infections, athlete’s foot, tumors, etc. These plant extracts have also been used as a cosmetic by enhancing the collagen action and thus exhibit antiaging properties. Conclusion: The present study attempts to provide collective information on various phytochemical constituents and pharmacological actions of K. africana and M. alliacea belonging to Bignoniaceae. This review in its present form is believed to help the researchers to provide adequate information about the chemical constituents and biological uses of these plants.

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Chemical Constituents of the Bulbs of Scilla peruviana and Their Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22031262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1262

Author(s):

Yukiko Matsuo ◽

Asuka Yamashiro ◽

Kanae Ootomo ◽

Mika Nakagawa ◽

Hiroko Tsuchihashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Lipase ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Triterpene Glycosides ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Phytochemical Investigation

Scilla species are used as medicinal plants and contain lanosterol-type triterpene glycosides. The phytochemical investigation of the bulbs of Scilla peruviana led to the isolation of 17 compounds, including three new rearranged pentacyclic-lanosterol glycosides (1–3) and two new homoisoflavanone glycosides (12 and 13). The structures of the undescribed compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including two-dimensional (2D) NMR. Among the triterpene glycosides, 2, 3, and 6 showed significant pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. The oral administration of scillascilloside D-2 (6) reduced serum triglyceride levels in a dose-dependent manner in soybean oil-loaded mice.

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