scholarly journals Optimized Heating Rate and Soot-catalyst Ratio for Soot Oxidation over MoO3 Catalyst

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congwei Mei ◽  
Deqing Mei ◽  
Shan Yue ◽  
Zong Chen ◽  
Yinnan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Transfer Effect ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Surface Microstructures ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Lower Heating

MoO3 is now utilized as a promising catalyst due to its high activity and favorable mobility at low temperature. Its spectral data and surface microstructures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Thermo-analysis of the carbon black was performed over nano-MoO3 catalyst in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) at various heating rates and soot-catalyst ratios. Through the analysis of kinetic parameters, we found that the heat transfer effect and diffusion effect can be removed by setting lower heating rates and soot-catalyst ratios. Therefore, a strategy for selecting proper thermogravimetric parameters were established, which can contribute to the better understanding of thermo-analytical process. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 4th December 2016; Revised: 13rd June 2017; Accepted: 9th April 2017; Available online: 27th October 2017; Published regularly: December 2017How to Cite: Mei, C., Mei, D., Yue, S, Chen, Z., Yuan, Y. (2017). Optimized Heating Rate and Soot-catalyst Ratio for Soot Oxidation over MoO3 Catalyst. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (3): 408-414 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.3.845.408-414 

Coalescence of Cu contacted nanoparticles with different heating rates: A molecular dynamics study

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (30) ◽  
pp. 1650212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qibin Li ◽  
Tao Fu ◽  
Tiefeng Peng ◽  
Xianghe Peng ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Gyration Radius ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Shrinkage Ratio ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Lower Heating Rate ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Lower Heating

The coalescence, the initial stage of sintering, of two contacted Cu nanoparticles is investigated under different heating rates of 700, 350 and 233 K/ns. The nanoparticles coalesced rapidly at the initial stage when the temperature of the system is low. Then, the nanoparticles collided softly in an equilibrium period. After the system was increased to a high temperature, the shrinkage ratio, gyration radius and atoms’ diffusion started to change dramatically. The lower heating rate can result in smaller shrinkage ratio, larger gyration radius and diffusion of atoms. However, the growth of sintering neck is hardly influenced by the heating rate. The results provide a theoretical guidance for the fundamental understanding and potential application regarding nanoparticle sintering.

Pyrolysis Characteristics of Pine Powder and Polyvinyl Chloride of Municipal Solid Waste in Thermogravimetric Analyzer

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2009-2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Yu Meng ◽  
Shu Zhong Wang ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Zhi Qiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Tg And Dtg ◽  
Obvious Weight Loss

The pyrolysis characteristics of pine powder and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), respectively representing the biomass and plastics components of municipal solid waste, were studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer, and the influence of heating rate on pyrolysis characteristics was also investigated. The pyrolysis temperature was heated from ambient up to 900 °C at different heating rates including 10, 20 and 40 °Cžmin-1. The pyrolysis of pine powder was composed of two obvious weight loss phases, which were dehydration and the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose. The lignin in pine powder decomposed over a broad temperature range until 900°C. The pyrolysis of PVC was complicated, and included the release of hydrogen chloride (HCl), the formation of hydrocarbons. Besides, the additives in PVC decomposed at about 600 °C. The TG and DTG curves of pyrolysis for pine powder and PVC were similar at different heating rates, however, each weight loss phase of pyrolysis was shifted to high temperature with increasing the heating rate.

An FT-IR Method for Performing Dynamic Kinetic Experiments

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy W. Snyder ◽  
C. Wade Sheen
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Calculated Activation Energy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Calculated Activation

A method is shown for the determination of kinetic parameters from dynamic FT-IR experiments. The effect heating rate has on the reproducibility of the calculated activation energy is discussed. The curing of PMDA/ODA polyimide at several heating rates is given as an example.

scholarly journals The Effects of Annealing Parameters on the Crystallization and Morphology of Cu(In,Ga)Se2Absorber Layers Prepared by Annealing Stacked Metallic Precursors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Ho Huang ◽  
Dong-Cherng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Vapor Source ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Adequate Design ◽  
Lower Heating

CIGS films are prepared by single-stage annealing of the solid Se-coated In/Cu-Ga bilayer precursor. The annealing processes were performed using various Ar pressures, heating rates, and soaking times. A higher Ar pressure is needed to fabricate highly crystalline CIGS films, as no extra Se-vapor source is supplied. As the heating rate increases, the surface morphologies of the CIGS films become looser and some cracks are observed. However, the influence of soaking time is insignificant and the selenization process only requires a short time when the precursors are selenized at a higher temperature with a lower heating rate and a higher Ar pressure. In this study, a dense chalcopyrite CIGS film with a thickness of about 1.5-1.6 μm, with large grains (~1.2 μm) and no cracking or peeling is obtained after selenizing at a temperature of 550°C, an Ar pressure of 300 Torr, a heating rate of 60°C/min, and a soaking time of 20 min. By adequate design of the stacked precursor and controlling the annealing parameters, single-stage annealing of the solid Se-coated In/Cu-Ga bilayer precursor is simplified for the fabrication of a fully crystallized chalcopyrite CIGS absorber layers with good crystallization and large grains.

Experimental Study on Edible Mushroom Bran Pyrolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Juan Guo ◽  
Yong Jun Xu ◽  
Xiao Xi Yang ◽  
Frank G.F Qin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Final Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Product Distributions ◽  
Third Stage

Pyrolysis characteristics of edible mushroom bran with different heating rates were investigated applying a thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) coupled with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The pyrolysis experiments were performed up to 1073 K at heating rates of 10, 20, 30 K/min in a dynamic nitrogen flow of 20 ml/min. The results show that important differences on the pyrolytic behavior and product distributions are observed when heating rate is changed. At the lower heating rates, the starting temperature, final temperature of pyrolysis and the maximum rates of mass losses were relatively low. When the heating rate was increased, the starting temperature, final temperature of pyrolysis and the maximum rates of mass losses also increased. There have three stages: the first-stage was from the temperature of 20 to110°C with a weight loss of 12.33~14.36%; the second-stage was from 220°C to 400°C with a weight loss of 45.09~49.59%; the third stage was from 400 to 800°Cwith a weight loss of 15.11%~ 15.34%. The main pyrolysis vapour was CO2, phenol , and significant amounts of H2O, hydrocarbon, carbonyl compounds and acids.

scholarly journals Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina Platensis Residue

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Jamilatun ◽  
Budhijanto Budhijanto ◽  
Rochmadi Rochmadi ◽  
Arief Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
One Step ◽  
Dta Curves ◽  
Heat Requirement ◽  
Dta Curve

 Analysis of thermal decomposition and pyrolisis reaction kinetics of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) was performed using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Thermal decomposition was conducted with the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min from 30 to 1000oC. Thermogravimetric (TG), Differential Thermal Gravimetric (DTG), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) curves were then obtained. Each of the curves was divided into 3 stages. In Stage I, water vapor was released in endothermic condition. Pyrolysis occurred in exothermic condition in Stage II, which was divided into two zones according to the weight loss rate, namely zone 1 and zone 2. It was found that gasification occurred in Stage III in endothermic condition. The heat requirement and heat release on thermal decomposition of SPR are described by DTA curve, where 3 peaks were obtained for heating rate 10, 20 and 30°C/min and 2 peaks for 40 and 50°C/min, all peaks present in Zone 2. As for the DTG curve, 2 peaks were obtained in Zone 1 for similar heating rates variation. On the other hand, thermal decomposition of proteins and carbohydrates is indicated by the presence of peaks on the DTG curve, where lignin decomposition do not occur due to the low lipid content of SPR (0.01wt%). The experiment results and calculations using one-step global model successfully showed that the activation energy (Ea) for the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min for zone 1 were 35.455, 41.102, 45.702, 47.892 and 47.562 KJ/mol, respectively, and for zone 2 were 0.0001428, 0.0001240, 0.0000179, 0.0000100 and 0.0000096 KJ/mol, respectively.Keywords: Spirulina platensis residue (SPR), Pyrolysis, Thermal decomposition, Peak, Activation energy.Article History: Received June 15th 2017; Received in revised form August 12th 2017; Accepted August 20th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Jamilatun, S., Budhijanto, Rochmadi, and Budiman, A. (2017) Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(3), 193-201.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201

scholarly journals Utilization of liquid product through pyrolysis of LDPE and C/LDPE as commercial wax

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasret Akgün ◽  
Ece Yapıcı ◽  
Zerrin Günkaya ◽  
AYSUN ÖZKAN ◽  
Müfide Banar
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Ft Ir

Abstract Background In this study, pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and LDPE with aluminum (C/LDPE) wastes was carried out with different heating rates (5-10-20°C/min) at different temperatures (400-600-800°C). The effect of temperature and heating rate on liquid product yield was investigated. Product yields of LDPE and C/LDPE wastes were compared, and optimum liquid products were analyzed to utilize as commercial waxes for future use. Methods To determine the parameters of pyrolysis wastes was investigated with proximate, elemental analysis, and TGA. The as-produced liquid from pyrolysis of wastes was characterized by different characteristic tools, such as elemental analyses, GC-MS analyzes, 1H-NMR tests, FT-IR spectra, the density, melting point, and carbon residue to compare commercial waxes. The characterization process was continued for the parameters with the optimum liquid products. Results As a result of pyrolysis, the highest liquid product yield was achieved at 800°C with 5°C/min heating rate (85.87 %), and at 600°C with 5°C/min heating rate (71.3 %) for LDPE and C/LDPE, respectively. The results indicated that the derived liquid products are similar to commercial heavy wax.

Maximum heating rates for producing undistorted glassy carbon ware determined by wedge-shaped samples

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2368-2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Maleki ◽  
Lawrence R. Holland ◽  
Gwyn M. Jenkins ◽  
R. L. Zimmerman ◽  
Wally Porter
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Gaseous Product ◽  
Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Volatile Products ◽  
Solid Bodies ◽  
Polymeric Carbon ◽  
Maximum Heating

Polymeric carbon artifacts are particularly difficult to make in thick section. Heating rate, temperature, and sample thickness determine the outcome of carbonization of resin leading to a glassy polymeric carbon ware. Using wedge-shaped samples, we found the maximum thickness for various heating rates during gelling (300 K–360 K), curing (360 K–400 K), postcuring (400 K–500 K), and precarbonization (500 K–875 K). Excessive heating rate causes failure. In postcuring the critical heating rate varies inversely as the fifth power of thickness; in precarbonization this varies inversely as the third power of thickness. From thermogravimetric evidence we attribute such failure to low rates of diffusion of gaseous products of reactions occurring within the solid during pyrolysis. Mass spectrometry shows the main gaseous product is water vapor; some carboniferous gases are also evolved during precarbonization. We discuss a diffusion model applicable to any heat-treatment process in which volatile products are removed from solid bodies.

scholarly journals Towards a better representation of the solar cycle in general circulation models

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 5391-5400 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Nissen ◽  
K. Matthes ◽  
U. Langematz ◽  
B. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Radiation Scheme

Abstract. We introduce the improved Freie Universität Berlin (FUB) high-resolution radiation scheme FUBRad and compare it to the 4-band standard ECHAM5 SW radiation scheme of Fouquart and Bonnel (FB). Both schemes are validated against the detailed radiative transfer model libRadtran. FUBRad produces realistic heating rate variations during the solar cycle. The SW heating rate response with the FB scheme is about 20 times smaller than with FUBRad and cannot produce the observed temperature signal. A reduction of the spectral resolution to 6 bands for solar irradiance and ozone absorption cross sections leads to a degradation (reduction) of the solar SW heating rate signal by about 20%. The simulated temperature response agrees qualitatively well with observations in the summer upper stratosphere and mesosphere where irradiance variations dominate the signal. Comparison of the total short-wave heating rates under solar minimum conditions shows good agreement between FUBRad, FB and libRadtran up to the middle mesosphere (60–70 km) indicating that both parameterizations are well suited for climate integrations that do not take solar variability into account. The FUBRad scheme has been implemented as a sub-submodel of the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy).

INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL DEGRADATION OF POULTRY PROCESSING DEWATERED SLUDGE USING THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS METHOD

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aniza ◽  
S. Hassan ◽  
M. F. M. Nor ◽  
K. E. Kee ◽  
Aklilu T.
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Poultry Processing ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Dewatered Sludge

Thermal degradation of Poultry Processing Dewatered Sludge (PPDS) was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) method. The effect of particle size on PPDS samples and operational condition such as heating rates were investigated. The non-isothermal TGA was run under a constant flow of oxygen at a rate of 30 mL/min with temperature ranging from 30ºC to 800ºC. Four sample particle sizes ranging between 0.425 mm to 2 mm, and heating rate between 5 K/min to 20 K/min were used in this study. The TGA results showed that particle size does not have any significant effect on the thermogravimetry (TG) curves at the initial stage, but the TG curves started to separate explicitly at the second stage. Particle size may affect the reactivity of sample and combustion performance due to the heat transfer and temperature gradient. The TG and peak of derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) curves tend to alter at high temperature when heating rate is increased most likely due to the limitation of mass transfer and the delay of degradation process. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document