scholarly journals Preliminary Synthesis of Calcium Silicates using Oil Palm Leaves and Eggshells.

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-567
Author(s):  
Salprima Yudha S ◽  
Aswin Falahudin ◽  
Noor Haida Mohd Kaus ◽  
Sirikanjana Thongmee ◽  
Saiqa Ikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Synthetic Procedure ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Coarse Surface ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Calcium Silicates

A new synthetic procedure is described for the synthesis of calcium silicate derivatives, using natural resources such as eggshell (ES) for calcium and oil palm leaves (OPL) for silica, which do not require prepurification. The reaction is performed by directly converting two weight ratio of the precursors, ES:3OPL and ES:6OPL, to dried-powder form by heat treatment at 900 °C for two hours. The results demonstrate that the concentration of the precursors has an effect on the morphology and crystallinity of the calcium silicate derivatives, mainly Ca2SiO4 and CaSiO3. X-ray diffraction results reveal that the reaction product obtained using a 1:3 ratio is quite pure, and mainly consisted of calcium silicate in the form of Ca2SiO4. The CaSiO3 was also identified in ES:6OPL, together with a small amount of excess non-reacted crystalline silica. Furthermore, a scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that both reaction products have a coarse surface. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 

Preparation of Fibrous CaO Sorbent by Hydrothermal Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
Shi Mei Yang ◽  
Shao Yun Shan ◽  
Qing Ming Jia ◽  
Ting Wei Hu ◽  
Li Hong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
Crystal Forms ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

Using urea and calcium chloride as precipitator and calcium source, fibrous CaCO3 precursors were prepared using hydrothermal method, then fibrous CaO sorbent was obtained by calcination. The influence of hydrothermal temperature on CO2 absorption properties was discussed. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that pure CaCO3 phase with aragonite and calcite crystal forms was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the resultant CaO sorbent presented a fibrous microstructure, which inherited the morphologies of CaCO3. The absorption capacity of the resultant CaO sorbent reached 59.86%, being 76% of theoretical absorption capacity. In addition, compared with the CaO sorbent from analytical pure CaCO3, the obtained fibrous CaO-sorbent have the better cyclic absorption properties.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic degradation of tartrazine dye using CuO straw-sheaf-like nanostructures

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1421-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Purnachander Rao ◽  
Jerry J. Wu ◽  
Abdullah M. Asiri ◽  
Sambandam Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

Straw-sheaf-like CuO nanostructures were fruitfully synthesized using a chemical precipitation approach for the photocatalytic degradation assessment of tartrazine. Phase identification, composition, and morphological outlook of prepared CuO nanostructures were established by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized CuO nanostructures was appraised in the presence of visible light and the possible intermediates formed during the photocatalytic degradation were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A suitable degradation pathway has also been proposed.

Catalytic Olefin Hydroalkoxylation by Nano Particles of Pollucite

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Zamanian ◽  
Ali Nemati Kharat
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Catalyst ◽  
Aromatic Alcohols ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Adsorption Surface ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Temperature Programmed

The catalytic hydroalkoxylation of α,β-unsaturated esters, nitriles, and ethers with aliphatic and aromatic alcohols over pollucite using thermal and microwave-assisted methods was investigated. To study the effect of the alcohol structures on the mechanism of the hydroalkoxylation reaction, different alcohols, such as methanol to butanol, cyclohexanol, phenol, and 2-ethylhexanol were used. The activities of pollucite, in contrast to other basic solids, were scarcely affected by the presence of air and moisture. The correlation between alcohol acidity and reaction activity is discussed. The prepared pollucite was characterized by X‐ray diffraction, volumetric nitrogen adsorption surface area analysis, and CO2 temperature‐programmed desorption. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the size of the modified nano catalyst particles was under 40 nm.

scholarly journals Simple Fabrication of BiVO4 Thin Films Synthesized by Modified SILAR Method: Effect of Film Thickness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
chaewon Seong ◽  
Pratik Mane ◽  
Hyojung Bae ◽  
seungwon Lee ◽  
Soon Hyung Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silar Method ◽  
Layer Adsorption ◽  
Oxide Substrates ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

Abstract In this study, BiVO4 photoanodes were synthesized using a simple and inexpensive modified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. In particular, the effect of the number of SILAR cycles on the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of BiVO4 was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the porous surface morphology of the BiVO4 thin layers with irregularly shaped particles formed on the surface of fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates. The crystal structure of BiVO4 was confirmed using X-ray diffraction analysis. The ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry results indicated that the bandgap energy of the deposited film was approximately 2.4 eV. In addition, the PEC properties of the BiVO4 photoanodes using potentiostat were analyzed. The linear sweep voltammetry curves revealed that the photocurrent density of the BiVO4 samples increased with the increasing number of m-SILAR cycles, and a maximum photocurrent density of approximately 0.83 mA/cm2 was achieved for the BVO-35. These results suggest that an efficient photoelectrode for compact PEC cells can serve as a basis for development.

scholarly journals Power Generation: Feedstock for High-Value Sulfate Minerals

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Lucian C. Staicu ◽  
Tomasz Bajda ◽  
Lukasz Drewniak ◽  
Laurent Charlet
Keyword(s):  
Metal Removal ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
One Step ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

Coal-fired power facilities generate a polymetallic effluent (Flue Gas Desulfurization—FGD) rich in sulfate. FGD effluents may be considered an important secondary resource. This paper investigates the recovery of sulfate as barite (BaSO4), a mineral with high commercial value and a critical raw material. Using equimolar BaCl2, >99% desulfurization of an FGD effluent produced by a coal-fired power plant operating in central Poland was achieved, yielding up to 16.5 kg high purity barite m−3. The recovered barite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric (TGA), scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), surface properties (PZC), density, and chemical stability (TCLP), and was compared with a commercial reference material. Barite recovery also led to the reduction in concentration of Al (86%), Cu (52%), K (69%), Mo (62%), Se (40%), Sr (91%), and U (75%) initially present in the FGD effluent. TCLP results indicate the entrapment and the stabilization of ~70% Se and ~90% Al in the barite structure. Based on this dataset, an in-depth characterization of the recovered barite is presented, and the removal mechanism of the elements is discussed. The study also provides a preliminary cost benefit analysis of the process. To our best knowledge, this is the first work showing barite recovery and metal removal from FGD effluents using a one-step process.

Preparation of Al2O3/MgO Nano-Composite Particles for Bio-Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4A) ◽  
pp. 586-593
Author(s):  
Hayder A. Sallal ◽  
Alla A. Abdul-Hameed ◽  
Farhad. M. Othman
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Composite Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

This study describes the preparation and study of the properties of Nano composite particles prepared in a sol-gel method which consists of two materials (Αl2Ο3-MgΟ). The powder was evaluated by x-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), particle size analysis, and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) and antibacterial test. The evaluation results of the nanocomposite particles shows a good distribution of the chemical composition between aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide, smoothness in particles  size where it reached to (54.9, 59.8) nm at calcination in (550 0C and 850 0C) respectively, formation of different shapes of nanoparticles and different  phases of the Αl2Ο3 particles (kappa and gamma) and nanopowder have well antibacterial action, Therefore, this reflects the efficiency of the proposed method to manufacture the nanocomposite powder and the possibility of using this powder as a strengthening material for the composite materials and using these composite materials in bio applications, especially in the fabrication of artificial limbs.

scholarly journals The occurrence of biomineralization products in four lichen species growing on sandstone in western Norway

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjørg Bjelland ◽  
Linda Sæbø ◽  
Ingunn H. Thorseth
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Western Norway ◽  
Lichen Substances ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

AbstractHigh performance thin-layer chromatography/thin-layer chromatography, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy analysis of thallus and lichen-rock interface samples, were undertaken to characterize biomineralization products in Fuscidea cyathoides, Ochrolechia tartarea, Ophioparma ventosa, and Pertusaria coralline, growing on sandstone in western Norway. Whewellite (monohydrate form of Ca oxalate) was found in the thallus of all species, but not in any of the weathering rinds beneath the species. A significantly higher amount of whewellite was detected in the thalli of F. cyathoides and O. ventosa than in the other two species. There were only a few differences in whewellite occurrence between the thallus edge and centre samples in the four species. HPTLC/TLC and SEM analysis indicate that lichen compounds occur within the rock beneath some of the lichen specimens. Only divaricatic acid was observed within the weathering rind beneath O. ventosa. No lichen substances were found in the weathering rind beneath F. cyathoides and P. corallina, whereas gyrophoric and lecanoric acids were found in the weathering rind beneath O. tartarea.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HG-BASED SUPERCONDUCTING THIN FILMS PRODUCED STARTING FROM LASER-DEPOSITED PRECURSORS

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 2731-2736 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BINDI ◽  
F. FUSO ◽  
N. PUCCINI ◽  
E. ARIMONDO ◽  
A. TAMPIERI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Precursor Film ◽  
Superconducting Thin Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Zero Resistance ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

Correctly c-axis oriented HgBa 2 CaCu 2 O 6+δ thin films have been produced on (100) MgO single crystal substrates and characterized. Pulsed laser deposition has been exploited to deposit Hg-free Re-doped precursor which then underwent synthesis in evacuated and sealed quartz tubes. X-ray diffraction pattern of the precursor target shows the expected composition of oxides. Scanning electron microscopy analysis have been performed on the surface of the precursor film. Hg-1212 films have been analyzed by θ-2θ Bragg-Brentano X-ray diffractometry. The patterns show little contributions in composition of Hg-1223 phase. The films exhibit a transition temperature >120 K with zero-resistance at around 115 K.

scholarly journals Study of dielectric behavior and electrical properties of hematite α-Fe2O3 doped with Zn

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Nikolic ◽  
M.P. Slankamenac ◽  
N. Nikolic ◽  
D.L. Sekulic ◽  
O.S. Aleksic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Dielectric Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Two Phases

The effects of Zn-doping on the dielectric behavior and electrical properties of bulk ?-Fe2O3 have been studied. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of two phases in all samples: hematite and spinel ZnFe2O4, with the amount of spinel phase increasing with increasing Zn content. Scanning electron microscopy analysis combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that the Zn-bearing phase occurred in the form of individual spinel ZnFe2O4 grains in a hematite matrix. DC conductivity was measured in the temperature range 25-225oC (298-498 K). Impedance spectroscopy measurements in the same temperature range were carried out in the frequency range 100Hz to 10 MHz. Increase in the Zn content resulted in increased electrical conductivity and higher values of the dielectric constant. The resistance and capacitance of grains and grain boundaries were analyzed by modeling the experimental results using an equivalent circuit.

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