Abstract
The Yellow Sea is recognized as a meteotsunami “hot-spot”, with a relatively high rate of events’ occurrence. The March 2007 and May 2008 meteotsunami events attracted large attention due to their deadly and high impact on the west coast of the Korean Peninsula. However, other small size meteotsunamis remain less known because of their insignificant coastal effect. Yet, a better understanding of meteotsunami hazard in the Yellow Sea requires thorough investigation of both large and small events. This paper reveals the occurrence of a meteotsunami on 11–12 June 2009 in the eastern Yellow Sea. It addresses the analyses of both the recorded sea-level and air-pressure data, the correlation between the atmospheric forcing and the meteotsunami formation, the numerical modeling of meteotsunami propagation, and the resonance effects on the recorded waves. Analysis results evidence a moving air-pressure jump of about 3 hPa that disturbed the sea surface and caused a meteotsunami with wave height up to 0.45 m (crest-to-trough). Both meteorological observations and numerical modeling suggest a speed of 11 to 13 m/s for the atmospheric disturbance propagation, which is much smaller than the optimal condition for Proudman resonance of meteotsunamis in the eastern Yellow Sea. Here, we demonstrate that the Greenspan resonance was responsible for amplifying the incident waves. Despite the insignificant coastal impact of the 11 June 2009 event, its investigation unravels new insights into the formation, amplification, and hazard extent of small size meteotsunamis in the Yellow Sea.