Histological examination of cranial synchondroses as functionally significant elements in the cranial osteopathic concept

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
V. A. Osipov ◽  
A. N. Pastukhov ◽  
O. I. Kurbatov ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Craniocerebral Injuries

Introduction. In recent decades, medical science has accumulated convincing evidence of the fact that the normal activity of a human brain depends on the functional integration of its vascular system, a circulation system of cerebrospinal fluid and biomechanical features of a skull, forming a single structural and functional system.The aim of the study is to research the histological structure of functionally significant cranial synchondroses in the middle and elderly age group, to find possible points of osteopathic influence application in their structure. Materials and methods. The study was performed on cadaver material of 27 persons (7 men — 26 %, 20 women — 74 %) who died at the age from 49 to 66 years (57,5±5,3 years) from various somatic pathologies, but had no history of craniocerebral injuries with fractures of osseous structures. Small bone fragments with sutures of interest/synchondroses (spheno-occipital synchondrosis, petro-jugular synchondrosis, sphenopetrosal synchondrosis) were subjected to standard histological processing followed by microscopy.Results. Evaluating histological specimens of spheno-occipital synchondrosis, we observed the similar pattern: highly mineralized tissues at the edges of the bodies of the sphenoid and occipital bones were connected without elements of cartilagi-nous or connective tissue. In all cases, no fibrous or nerve tissue elements were found during the in situ immunohistochemical reactions. Reactions with the CD34 antibody mark multiple vessels of the Volkmann's or Haversian canals. Evaluating histological specimens of petro-jugular and sphenopetrosal synchondroses, we found the presence of cartilage tissue in the suture in the form of small islands of various sizes (from 20 to 120 microns) with signs of degeneration and a small number of remained chondrocytes. When evaluating specimens with immunohistochemical reactions with antibodies against the S100 protein, no elements of the nervous tissue were detected.Conclusion. Spheno-occipital synchondrosis has a temporary nature. With age, its cartilaginous tissue is replaced by osseous one. According to the histological structure, sphenobasilar synchondrosis demonstrates the complete absence of a cartilaginous component in the middle and elderly age groups. Petro-jugular and sphenopetrosal synchondroses retain the cartilaginous component in their suture throughout lifetime. During histological examination of the petro-jugular and sphenopetrosal synchondroses, the cartilaginous component is represented by variety of small islands. In all synchondroses, there is an absence of vascular and nervous components. At the same time, we revealed the presence of a prominent vascular bed in the bone tissue. The fact requires emphasizing the importance of liquid potency and elastic component in cartilaginous and osseous tissues as an application point for osteopathic techniques.

scholarly journals Hydrogels for the Application of Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review of Hydrogels

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Er-Yuan Chuang ◽  
Chih-Wei Chiang ◽  
Pei-Chun Wong ◽  
Chih-Hwa Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Polymeric Hydrogels

The treatment of articular cartilage damage is a major task in the medical science of orthopedics. Hydrogels possess the ability to form multifunctional cartilage grafts since they possess polymeric swellability upon immersion in an aqueous phase. Polymeric hydrogels are capable of physiological swelling and greasing, and they possess the mechanical behavior required for use as articular cartilage substitutes. The chondrogenic phenotype of these materials may be enhanced by embedding living cells. Artificial hydrogels fabricated from biologically derived and synthesized polymeric materials are also used as tissue-engineering scaffolds; with their controlled degradation profiles, the release of stimulatory growth factors can be achieved. In order to make use of these hydrogels, cartilage implants were formulated in the laboratory to demonstrate the bionic mechanical behaviors of physiological cartilage. This paper discusses developments concerning the use of polymeric hydrogels for substituting injured cartilage tissue and assisting tissue growth. These gels are designed with consideration of their polymeric classification, mechanical strength, manner of biodegradation, limitations of the payload, cellular interaction, amount of cells in the 3D hydrogel, sustained release for the model drug, and the different approaches for incorporation into adjacent organs. This article also summarizes the different advantages, disadvantages, and the future prospects of hydrogels.

Morphological analysis of testicles in cats with disorders of sex development

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dzimira ◽  
W. Nizanski ◽  
J.A. Madej
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Disorders Of Sex Development ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Sex Development ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

Abstract Disorders of sex development (DSD) are rare in cats. They can be caused by chromosomal aberrations, gene mutations or other undefined factors. The aim of the present study was to compare the histological structure and immunohistochemical reactivity of testes in cats with DSD and in healthy cats. The research material consisted of the gonads of four cats - phenotypic males with an incorrect structure of the reproductive system. The control group consisted of the testes of four healthy cats - routinely castrated phenotypical males. The material was fixed with formalin and embedded in paraffin; the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The immunohistochemical investigation were performed using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against desmin, vimentin, actin of smooth muscles, S100 protein and MCM3 protein. The results obtained allow concluding that the testes of cats with DSD differed in certain respects, mainly in the number of blood vessels, from the normal testes. Moreover, the results of immunohistochemical examination indicate that in the testes of cats with DSD the number of supporting cells is lower, the amount of interstitial cells is comparable and spermatogenesis is correct es compared to those determined in the control gonads. The number of blood vessels in cats with DSD is reduced by about 30%. It confirms the recommendations for castration of these animals in order to eliminate the potential inheritance of sex development disorders.

scholarly journals A study of injury characteristics in road traffic accidents by different road user category

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subham Lilhare ◽  
Manish Swarnkar
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Road User ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Characteristics ◽  
Craniocerebral Injuries ◽  
Working Age

Background:Trauma is one of the oldest subjects in medical science because it appeared just as early as human being came to the earth. At the same time trauma is also a novel subject, because trauma has been strikingly increasing with the high-speed development of economical construction, traffic transport and sharp increase of vehicles in number. Therefore, trauma is called the twin brother of the modem civilization. Accidents occur not only due to ignorance but also due to carelessness, thoughtlessness and over confidence. Human, vehicular and environmental factors play role before, during and after a road traffic accidents (RTA). Road traffic injuries are partially predictable and hence preventable.Methods: this was prospective observational study in which all cases of road traffic accident victims admitted to the hospital (AVBRH) between July 2014 to September 2016, were analyzed statistically with respect to their demographic profile, injury characteristics and outcome.Results:This study showed that motorcyclists were predominantly affected (77.3%) in RTA. Males (80.67%) in the working age group 21-40 years (64.66%) were most commonly affected leading to huge economic losses to their families. Majority RTA took place between 4pm to 12am (57.33 %), on Sundays and Saturday (41.66%) and during summer season (52.67%). Extremity injury (67%) was the most common injury followed by craniocerebral injuries (58.33%). Maximum mortality was seen in LMV/HMV occupants (25%).Conclusions:Road traffic accidents are preventable. Strict traffic laws and penalties have to be imposed to curb this ever growing menace.

scholarly journals The Effect of Immune Max in the Liver, Kidney and Spleen Histological Structure in Male Albino Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (03) ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abed Jawad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Dose Concentration ◽  
Albino Mice

Background: This study aimed to identify the effect of using the Immune Max dietary supplement on the histological composition of some organs in male albino mice. Methods: The study was conducted on the Swiss albino male mice which were divided into two groups: treated group with 0.162 mg/kg/day of Immune Max and second group as a control. Results: Histological examination was conducted for liver, kidney and spleen. The results showed some histological changes in these organs like loses of tissues, congestion, leukocytes infiltration and dead cells. Conclusion: The purpose of a conclusion that the use of the Immune Max nutritional supplement can cause damage to the tissues of a number of organs and this is likely to be due to the dose concentration and the duration of the treatment.

scholarly journals LEARNING OBJECTIVE OF THE ANATOMY CIRCULATION SYSTEM FOR THE MEDICAL STUDENTS: A DELPHI STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Marwatunnisa Al Mubarokah ◽  
Siti Munawaroh ◽  
Yunia Hastami ◽  
Nanang Wiyono
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Learning Material

Background: Anatomy is basic science that is important for preclinical students, clinics, and specialists. The development of medical science led to a reduced allocation of learning time in Anatomy. The imbalance between the amount of learning material with time allocation makes various effective teaching methods carried out and examined. The learning objectives guide the faculty in selecting teaching methods as well as appropriate evaluation to measure the progress of student understanding. This study aims to obtain detailed anatomical learning objectives regarding the circulation system for medical students as part of the development of the medical curriculum in Indonesia.Method: This research is qualitative research with the modified Delphi method. The research subjects were anatomy lecturers in Indonesia who. The first round of the Delphi questionnaire was filled out by selecting the Bloom cognition domain between C1-C6 and the respondent composing the sentence of learning objectives according to the core material. The second round of respondents was asked to choose an important level from each point of learning objectives on the Likert Scale 1-4. The consensus level chosen is that 60% of the panel chooses on level 3 or 4.The results of the second round are then processed to ensure the most appropriate selection of operational verbs and cognitive domains.Results: The first Delphi round resulted in 74 learning objectives from 110 core material points with the cognitive domain between C1-C3. While the second round, Delphi generates 59 learning objectives. The third round which was not part of the Delphi method, these results were then consulted to anatomists of the circulatory system and came up with the 32 learning objectives.Conclusion: The learning objectives of the circulation system that need to be known are 32 learning objectives, with cognitive domains varying between C1-C3, include cor, pericardium, mediastinum, arteries, veins, lymphatics system, prenatal and postnatal circulation, dan hepatic portal  system. Keywords: anatomy of circulatory system, Delphi method, anatomy learning objectives, lecturer consensus 

Critical anatomical review of Tarunasthi (cartilage tissue) in Ayurveda

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Rahul Shamrao Banarase
Keyword(s):  
Allied Health ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Cartilage Tissue

The human anatomy (Shareera Rachana) is an important for allied health sciences. It is one of the fundamental subject to the health science. Acharyas like Sushruta, Charaka and Vagbhata were given importance to the knowledge of Rachana Shareera. Tarunasthis are consider as a bone in Ayurvedic science are synonymous to cartilages described in modern medical science. It comes under 5 types of Asthi. Its locations mentioned in Ayurvedic text are Ghrana, Karna, Greewa and Akshikosh. The description of Tarunasthi is sporadic and scattered all over in Ayurvedic texts. In this review of applied part of Tarunasthi and its importance in Sharira has been discussed.

Analysis of Chronic Disease Direct Cost at Public Primary Health Cares in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-767
Author(s):  
Indriyati Hadi Sulistyaningrum ◽  
Susi Ari Kristina ◽  
Ali Ghufron Mukti ◽  
Satibi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Drug Cost ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
P Value ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the of drug costs for patients with chronic diseases in the capitation system in public primary health cares (Public PHCs). Materials and Methods: This research is a quantitative study with an observational cross-sectional approach at 16 Public PHCs. Data collection used the retrospective method. The total sample was 293 outpatients in 2016. Results: The results showed that 63% of patients are female. The most patients are aged between 56-65 years (37%). The average drug cost for patients receiving more than 3 types of drugs is IDR 7,726. The biggest drug cost is patients with DM type 2 with which the average cost is IDR 7.400. And the metformin treatment is 17 (6%) patients with the cost IDR 4,500,-. Chi-square analysis shows that the quantity of drug items, type of disease and prescriptions there are have significant effect on drug cost (p-value <0.05). However, gender and age group there are no significant effect on drug cost (p-value >0.05). Drug prescriptions are an important component in managing chronic diseases patients. Prescribing costs provide important information in the sustainability of the management of chronic disease programs. Conclusion: This study recommends that the prolanis policy in public PHCs is focused on the elderly age group patients and female group. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.762-767

EXPLORING THE ANATOMY OF DORSAL RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT OF THE WRIST AND ITS ULNAR PART: A CADAVERIC STUDY

Hand Surgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
A. Jariwala ◽  
K. Khurjekar ◽  
S. Whiton ◽  
C. A. Wigderowitz
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Cadaveric Study ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Type I ◽  
Histological Observation ◽  
Highly Uniform ◽  
Wrist Joints

The current study aimed to explore the anatomy of the dorsal radio-carpal ligament (DRC ligament) and to investigate the presence and histological structure of ulnar part of the DRC ligament. Twenty cadaveric wrist joints were dissected and attachments of the DRC ligament and the newly described ulnar part of the DRC ligament were identified and noted. Samples of both ligaments were sent for histological examination. The DRC ligament was identified in all 20 specimens with type I Mizuseki arrangement of fibres seen in 60% of wrists. The ulnar part of the DRC ligament was successfully identified in 18 of the 20 wrists. The histological observation of the ulnar part of the DRC ligament showed the highly uniform arrangement of collagen bundles typical of ligaments. This study explores the anatomy of the DRC ligament and confirms the presence of the ulnar part of DRC ligament through histological analysis not undertaken in previous studies.

Spiritual Healing, Sick Kids and the Law: Inequities in the American Healthcare System

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 269-299
Author(s):  
Janna C. Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Spiritual Healing ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Divine Love ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Human Need ◽  
East End ◽  
The Church

Main Street in Sarasota, Florida. A high-tech medical arts building rises from the east end, the county's historic three-story courthouse is two blocks to the west and sandwiched in between is the First Church of Christ, Scientist. A verse inscribed on the wall behind the pulpit of the church reads: “Divine Love Always Has Met and Always Will Meet Every Human Need.” This is the church where William and Christine Hermanson worshipped. It is just a few steps away from the courthouse where they were convicted of child abuse and third-degree murder for failing to provide conventional medical care for their seven-year-old daughter.This Article is about the intersection of “divine love” and “the best interests of the child.” It is about a pluralistic society where the dominant culture reveres medical science, but where a religious minority shuns and perhaps fears that same medical science. It is also about the struggle among different religious interests to define the legal rights of the citizenry.

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