Cost-analysis and cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions in Brazilian primary health care: a randomised feasibility study

Physical exercise programs have been carried out in primary health care in Brazil and have provided good results in terms of effectiveness, their economic contribution has not been investigated yet. The aim of the study is to verify the feasibility of brief counseling physical activity intervention and to compare its economic cost and cost-effectiveness with supervised physical exercise intervention in primary care. A multi-arm parallel feasibility trial, with equal randomization [1:1:1] was conducted in Basic Health Units in Brazil. 61 participants were randomized in Brief Counseling Intervention (BCI), Supervised Physical Exercise Intervention (SPEI) and Control Group (CG). Interventions lasted one year. The BCI is more economical than the SPEI, costing around 50% less in the economic comparisons (session cost, annual cost and cost per participant annually). At leisure time, the cost to move one person to the physically active category at 12 months is estimated in R$369.00 for BCI and R$426.21 for the SPEI. The Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratio (ICER) is R$310.32. The BCI is feasible and more economic, however, the cost effective is not that different. Thus, it is strongly recommended that the two interventions be offered at primary care in Brazil.

Solution-focused Brief Counseling Guidebook: Theoretical Validity and Effectiveness in Reducing Student’s Social Anxiety

Social anxiety is one of the psychological problems faced by most of students. Several research findings have revealed negative effects that arise due to the high level of social anxiety experienced by students. Based on this phenomenon, schools play a major role in efforts to minimize the level of social anxiety experienced by students through optimizing guidance and counseling services. This research and development aim at testing the acceptability and effectiveness a solution-focused brief counseling guidebook to minimize students' social anxiety. The development procedure using 4D steps, such as, define, design, develop, and desimination of the product. The amount five judgment involve to validating the contents of guidebook. For the piloting, one group pretest-post test experimental procedure involve 15 junior high school students. The data analysis for judgments results show that the counseling guidebook developed in this study has a special content validity index (CVI). Based on the results of the piloting study, counseling guidebook a solution-focused brief counseling guidebook with the miracle question technique was effective in reducing students' social anxiety. The results of this study contribute to the optimization of guidance and counseling services in schools.

Solution-focused Brief Counseling Guidebook to Reduce Student’s Academic Procrastination

This study aims to develop and evaluate solution-focused brief counseling guidebook as an instrument to reduce student’s academic procrastination. This research and development conducted by following 4D model by Thiagarajan that consist four stages of development namely (1) define, (2) design, (3) development, and (4) disseminate. Five experts are involved as judges to evaluate the content validity of counseling guidebook. The piloting study were conducted in one group pretest-posttest design to evaluate the effectivity of counseling guidebook to reduce student’s academic procrastination. Result of expert judgments were analyzed using formula Lawshe and show that the counseling guidebook has “very special” content validity index ( CVI = 1). Based on the results of piloting study, it was reported that counseling guidebook developed in this study effective in decrease student’s academic procrastination levels. The results of this study contribute to the development of guidance and counseling services.

Efektivitas Konseling Kelompok Pendekatan Solution-Focused Brief Counseling (SFBC) Untuk Meningkatkan Resiliensi Siswa SMP Islam Al Amal Surabaya

Remaja khususnya siswa SMP merupakan individu yang sedang mengalami badai topan dalam tahap perkembangannya, banyak tantagan dan hambatan yang dialami pada mas ini. Pada tahap tersebut dibutuhkan resilensi yakni kemampuan untuk bangkit dari segala keterpukuran yang terjadi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan konseling kelompok pendekatan solution-focused brief counseling untuk meningkatkan resiliensi siswa di SMP Islam Al Amal Surabaya. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Pra-Eksperimen One Grup Pre-Test dan Post-Test Design. Instrument penelitian mempergunakan angket resilensi dan panduan pelaksanaan konseling SFBC. Sedangan teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji Wilcoxon untuk melihat perbedaan dua buah data sebelum dan sesudah diberikan treatment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan rata-rata sikap resiliensi siswa SMP Islam Al Amal Surabaya dari nilai mean pre-test 59,40 menjadi nilai mean post-test 68,40. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan SFBC dalam konseling kelompok secara signifikan efektif untuk meningkatkan sikap resiliensi siswa SMP

TEKNIK SOLUTION FOCUS BRIEF COUNSELING (SFBC) UNTUK MENGURANGI STRES AKADEMIK SISWA KELAS X SMK SMTI PADANG

Solution Focus Brief Counseling (SFBC) merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang digunakan dalam layanan konseling individual. Teknik SFBC memiliki pandangan bahwa sesungguhnya kebenaran dan realita itu bukan suatu hal yang absolute namun kebenaran dan realita bisa dikontruksikan atau dibangun. Seyogyanya konseling individual dilaksanakan secara face to face, namun kondisi pandemi tidak memungkinkan untuk dilaksanakan. Pembelajaran online memberikan dampak terhadap peserta didik kelas X yaitu stres akademik. Atas dasar itulah peneliti berharap penelitian ini mampu mengurangi stres yang dialami peserta didik melalui konseling individual. Efektivitas teknik SFBC dalam konseling individual dalam mengurangi stres akademik yang dialami peserta didik selama mengikuti pembelajaran daring dimasa pandemi. Pelaksanaan teknik SFBC dalam konseling individual dilakukan secara virtual melalui media video call. Dalam penelitian ini yang menjadi subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X yang mengalami kendala dalam pembelajaran online dan reveral dari wali kelas. Metode yang digunakan sesuai kondisi pandemi adalah cyber counseling melalui video call. Teknik ini masih memungkinkan konselor dan klien bertatap muka dan berkomunikasi secara lisan. Konselor masih bisa memberi dan memperlihatkan rasa empat, perhatian yang ditampilkan oleh klien. Hasil penelitian siklus 1 (satu) terlihat bahwa tingkat stres yang dialami siswa kelas X berada dalam kategori tinggi. Artinya siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran online stres yang dirasakan tinggi. Penelitian dilanjutkan pada siklus 2 (dua) dengan hasil terjadi penurunan tingkat stres dari kategori tinggi menjadi kategori cukup. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik SFBC yang digunakan dalam konseling individual yang pelaksanaannya melalui video call memberikan dampak yaitu penurunan tingkat stres yang dialami oleh siswa selama mengikuti pembelajaran online.

Solution-Focused Brief Counseling in Schools

Solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) has become a popular methodology used in business, counseling, and other fields to help individuals problem-solve. In education, this approach is known as solution-focus brief counseling (SFBC). This chapter will review the origins of the solution-focused approach to counseling and problem-solving, present the major tenants, and discuss challenges. The chapter will also present interview data from current school counselors to examine how school counselors use SFBC in schools and provide strategies for implementation.

Konseling Kelompok Singkat Berorientasi Solusi menggunakan media boneka untuk mengurangi agresivitas Siswa

<p class="Normal1">Aksi kekerasan merupakan bentuk dari agresivitas harus segera diselesaikan. Salah satu alternatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah agresivitas adalah menggunakan boneka dalam konseling kelompok singkat berorientasi solusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keeefektifan pendekatan konseling singkat berorientasi solusi dengan menggunakan media boneka untuk mengatasi masalah agresivitas siswa. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen, model penelitian adalah <em>pretest posttest one grup desain.</em> Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III Sekolah Dasar di Dusun Meritai. Setelah melakukan analisis data, hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kondisi agresivitas siswa sebelum dan setelah diberikan perlakuan dengan konseling kelompok singkat berorientasi solusi yang menggunakan media boneka. Sehingga penggunaan boneka dalam konseling singkat berorientasi solusi dapat digunakan oleh guru BK sebagai alternatif untuk mereduksi perilaku agresif.</p><p class="Normal1"> </p><p align="justify"><em><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong>: Violence which is part of aggressiveness and must be resolved. An alternative to resolving aggressiveness is to use dolls in solution focused brief group counseling. The purpose of this research is to observe the effectiveness of solution focused brief counseling using puppet media to reduce aggressiveness. This type of research is quantitative with the experimental method and the model is pretest posttest one group design. The research subjects were third grade elementary school students in Meritai village. The results of the study, it was a significant difference between the aggressiveness before and after being given solution focused brief group counseling using puppet media. So the conclusion is that the use of dolls in solution focused brief counseling can be used by counseling teachers as an alternative to reduce aggressiveness</em></p>