SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF DRINKING WATER COVERAGE IN THE RURAL AREAS OF UTTARAKHAND HIMALAYA: A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

Uttarakhand government has made a good effort towards covering rural areas in meeting basic water requirements. There are various natural water sources such as spring, river, glacier, groundwater, well etc which play a significant role in the supply of water in the villages of Uttarakhand state. The fundamental objective of this research paper is to study the basic water facility in the villages of Uttarakhand state. For this purpose, the piped water supply (PWS) and functional household tap connection (FHTC) are analyzed. There are total 16919 villages in the study area. Out of the total villages, 16568 villages have PWS facility and about 47% households are connected with PWS facility. There are about 38% villages have more than 70% FHTC coverage. The study reveals that unbalanced development of FHTC and PWS facility among the different districts, i.e., some districts such as U.S. Nagar, Champawat, Almora, Haridwar etc have poor development of FHTC and PWS facility whereas some districts such as Dehradun, Chamoli, Bageshwar etc have good facility. The study suggests that all the villages and households should be covered equally under PWS and FHTC facilities to ensure basic water security.

Impact of Lockdown for Researchers

The book on "Impact of Lockdown for Researchers" is a very good effort in bringing novel ideas at the time of the pandemic. The engagement with the research community leading to this wonderful outcome is laudable. As the editors of this book, we are fortunate to go through every article and found few interesting impacts of lockdown in researchers career. Congratulations and wishes to authors and publishers for bringing out this productive outcome in the most critical transition time of this pandemic.

Environmental Sustainability Practices in Rural Libraries

The key purpose of this study was to investigate the implementation of environmental sustainability practices in Malaysian rural libraries. A qualitative approach was employed through interviews, observations, and examinations of documents related to the six (6) rural libraries which were involved in this study. This study concluded that rural libraries in Malaysia had not fully implemented the environmental sustainability elements as suggested by the International Federation of LibraryAssociation (IFLA). Nevertheless, rural libraries in Malaysia had put good effort into environmental sustainability practices.

Social Hermeneutics Study On the Meaning of Jihad by Students of Mulawarman University

ABSTRACT: Jihad has been an integral part of Islamic discourse from its early days until today. This research was conducted to determine variations in the meaning of jihad that developed in Mulawarman University students. I use Paul Ricoeur's theory of Social Hermeneutics to explain how the process of interpreting meaning from a text. Ricoeur views that text has a life of its own regardless of the author's intention or intent (text autonomy). In interpreting the text, Ricoeur also argues that understanding and explanation are not two contradictory methods of interpreting the text. The workings of Paul Ricoeur's social hermeneutics include three factors, namely the world of text, the world of presenters, and the world of readers, whereas in this paper there are only two factors, namely the world of text and the world of readers. Jihad in al-Qur'an is repeated 41 times in 23 verses and by Ibn Al-Qayyim it is divided into four meanings, namely jihad against lust, jihad against Satan, jihad against infidels, and hypocrites, and jihad against injustice and wickedness. Meanwhile, readers only divide jihad into two meanings, namely jihad against lust and war jihad. In the process of interpreting, readers are greatly influenced by the trajectories of life that they have been through. This can be seen from the many meanings of jihad they express, namely war, defending, doing good, effort/strength, being serious, preaching, and enthusiasm. ABSTRAK: Jihad merupakan bagian integral wacana Islam sejak masa awal kedatangannya hingga sampai saat ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui variasi makna jihad yang berkembang pada Mahasiswa Universitas Mulawarman. Teori Paul Ricouer tentang Hermenutika Sosial saya gunakan untuk menjelaskan tentang bagaimana proses menafsir sebuah makna dari sebuah teks. Ricouer berpandangan bahwa teks memiliki kehidupannya sendiri terlepas dari intensi atau maksud pengarang (otonomi teks). Dalam menginterpretasi teks, Ricoeur juga berpendapat bahwa pemahaman dan penjelasan bukanlah dua metode yang bertentangan dalam menafsirkan teks. Cara kerja hermenutika sosial Paul Ricoeur mencakup tiga faktor yaitu dunia teks, dunia pemateri dan dunia pembaca sedangkan dalam tulisan ini hanya ada dua faktor yaitu dunia teks dan dunia pembaca. Jihad dalam al-Qur’an terulang 41 kali dalam 23 ayat dan oleh Ibn Al-Qayyim dibagi menjadi empat makna, yakni jihad melawan hawa nafsu, jihad melawan setan, jihad memerangi kaum kafir dan kaum munafik serta jihad melawan kezaliman dan kefasikan. Sedangkan pembaca hanya membagi jihad dalam dua makna yakni jihad melawan hawa nafsu dan jihad perang. Dalam proses penafsirannya, pembaca sangat dipengaruhi oleh trajektori kehidupan yang mereka pernah lalui. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari banyaknya makna jihad yang mereka ungkapkan, yaitu perang, membela, melakukan kebaikan, usaha/kekuatan, bersungguh-sungguh, dakwah serta semangat.

Innovative Teaching and Learning Process during COVID 19

The book on “Innovative Teaching and Learning Process during COVID 19” is a very good effort in bringing novel ideas at the time of pandemic. The engagement with academic fraternity leading to this wonderful outcome is laudable. As the editors of this book, we are fortunate to go through every article and found few interesting aspects in teaching and learning process. Innovation has been the most buzzed word in the world today. In fact, academia across the globe are potentially involved in INNOVATION at every possible level. We wish this race with this pace towards innovation in teaching and learning mechanism drives us to “INNOVATION 5.0” in near future. This book will be instrumental in polarizing the thoughts of reader towards this process of innovation, particularly, in delivering lectures using online platforms and e-resources. The authors in this book touched upon diverse topics related to the paradigm shift in teaching and learning process. Various tools, innovative practices were presented vividly in the articles of this book. Congratulations and wishes to authors and publishers for bringing out this productive outcome in the most critical transition time of educational reforms.

Innovative Teaching and Learning Process during COVID 19

The book on “Innovative Teaching and Learning Process during COVID 19” is a very good effort in bringing novel ideas at the time of pandemic. The engagement with academic fraternity leading to this wonderful outcome is laudable. As the editors of this book, we are fortunate to go through every article and found few interesting aspects in teaching and learning process. Innovation has been the most buzzed word in the world today. In fact, academia across the globe are potentially involved in INNOVATION at every possible level. We wish this race with this pace towards innovation in teaching and learning mechanism drives us to “INNOVATION 5.0” in near future. This book will be instrumental in polarizing the thoughts of reader towards this process of innovation, particularly, in delivering lectures using online platforms and e-resources. Congratulations the authors in this book touched upon diverse topics related to the paradigm shift in teaching and learning process. Various tools, innovative practices were presented vividly in the articles of this book. Congratulations and wishes to authors and publishers for bringing out this productive outcome in the most critical transition time of educational reforms.

Students’ Difficulties and The Teacher’s Response: Emerging Solution to Solve Alqur’an Reading Problems of young learners

This study aims to determine and measure the efforts and responses of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in overcoming elementary school students' or young learners’ difficulties in reading the Qur'an and its influence. In its implementation, researchers used the An-Nahdliyah method in responding to the difficulties of students in reading the Qur'an. This research uses a quantitative approach with an experimental design. The results of this study indicate that Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers have a good effort and response. This is evident from the results of Chi square calculation of 20.27 and a significance level of 5%. In addition, the results of the analysis of the correlation coefficient or KK = 0.66 lies at intervals of 0.600 to 0.800. Thus the influence between the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in overcoming the difficulty of reading the Qur'an elementary school students or young learners can be categorized quite well

PENGETAHUAN DAN KEBIASAAN PENEBANG DAN PENGEPUL TERHADAP POPULASI TUMBUHAN ULIN DI KECAMATAN KINTAP SEBAGAI BAHAN INFORMASI MASYARAKAT

The latest data stated that the rate of deforestation has reached 2.83 million hectares per year during 1997 to 2000 and was reduced to 1.08 million hectares per year 2000-2005. It included the population ofironwood, population of ironwood is thinning because of the loggers who are logging ironwood as a good effort. Ironwood has been classified as endangered, but in the District of Kintap there are still many loggers of stump ironwood. Respondents need to have knowledge about the population of ironwood plant to measure the extent of respondents understanding related to their habits, especially in terms of ironwood conservation. People’s habit to use the ironwood plants in the district Kintap is the behavior of the villagers who live in the area near the forest who are not concerned about the reduction in the plant population. The purpose of this study are (1) to describe the knowledge and the habitof the loggers and collectors about the scarcity of the ironwood plantpopulation in Kintap district (2) Create public information material that is made by the results of the research know ledge and habits of loggers and collectors of the population ironwood plants in Kintap district as leaflets. The results showed (1) Knowledge of the loggers and the collectors about ironwood plant population, they knewabout the breeding, growth, utilization, distribution and conservation, but not very aware of the rules. Loggers and collectors habit on logging and selling is always done without making purchaselicense. In addition, they did not care about the preservation of ironwood (2) the result of the leafle treadability assessment of loggers, collectors and the public are rated high. Result of the validation by the three validators categorized as very valid.

KERAK TELOR: KULINER KHAS IBU KOTA JAKARTA ( BETAWI)

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT:</em></strong><em></em></p><pre><em>Jakarta is known as a Big City that has a variety of cultures. One of them is in the culinary field. Indonesian cuisine does not only bring consumers who have their own philosophical values, for example like egg crusts. The purpose of this study is how and the origin of the egg crust provides information about the meaning of gastronomy and philosophy of egg crust as well as knowing the conditions of Betawi Culinary Preservation. The location of the study is as stated in the title above, namely in the Kemayoran and Setu Babakan areas, especially in the Kerak Telor culinary centers, held in North Jakarta and South Jakarta. Data collection methods in the research used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Then from the data analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The research which uses descriptive qualitative method aims to eliminate one of the traditional culinary of DKI Jakarta by focusing on the historical side and the origin of naming egg crust, culture in food egg crust, geographic landscape and cooking and maintenance by the DKI Jakarta government. Data obtained at the study site is a fairly good result from the empowerment efforts carried out by the DKI Jakarta Government. A good effort to use taste, presentation patterns, and promotions that have been proven to be effective in lifting one of the existing cultural heritage in DKI Jakarta Province. Egg crust tips are betawi food (the capital city of Jakarta) but no one knows for sure where they come from. The egg crust gets cultural influences from Europe, Chia and Arabic. A very difficult place to travel from an easy and developing area to several areas such as Setu Babakan, and Kemayoran. His advice is that the government must be petrified in the preservation of Betawi culinary, remembering exactly like Betawi culinary that is almost extinct, for example by holding a routine festival every year.</em></pre><p> </p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Kerak Telor, Culinary , DKI Jakarta.</em>