scholarly journals Beneficial Properties of Bromelain

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4313
Author(s):  
Pawel Hikisz ◽  
Joanna Bernasinska-Slomczewska
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
High Availability ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Coagulatory Activity ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Bromelain is a major sulfhydryl proteolytic enzyme found in pineapple plants, having multiple activities in many areas of medicine. Due to its low toxicity, high efficiency, high availability, and relative simplicity of acquisition, it is the object of inexhaustible interest of scientists. This review summarizes scientific reports concerning the possible application of bromelain in treating cardiovascular diseases, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis disorders, infectious diseases, inflammation-associated diseases, and many types of cancer. However, for the proper application of such multi-action activities of bromelain, further exploration of the mechanism of its action is needed. It is supposed that the anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and anti-coagulatory activity of bromelain may become a complementary therapy for COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 patients. During the irrepressible spread of novel variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, such beneficial properties of this biomolecule might help prevent escalation and the progression of the COVID-19 disease.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2978
Author(s):  
Chia-Jung Li ◽  
Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng ◽  
Yi-Han Chiu ◽  
Hung-Yu Lin ◽  
Ming-Feng Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Early Recurrence ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Made In

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous tumor characterized by early recurrence, high invasion, and poor prognosis. Currently, its treatment includes chemotherapy, which shows a suboptimal efficacy. However, with the increasing studies on TNBC subtypes and tumor molecular biology, great progress has been made in targeted therapy for TNBC. The new developments in the treatment of breast cancer include targeted therapy, which has the advantages of accurate positioning, high efficiency, and low toxicity, as compared to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Given its importance as cancer treatment, we review the latest research on the subtypes of TNBC and relevant targeted therapies.

scholarly journals Causes of death in Serbia since the mid-20th century

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Ivan Marinkovic
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Population Mortality ◽  
Circulatory Diseases

The structure of the leading causes of death in Serbia has considerably changed in the last half century. Diseases which presented the main threat to the population a few decades ago are now at the level of a statistical error. On the one side are causes which drastically changed their share in total mortality in this time interval, while others have shown stability and persistence among the basic causes of death. Acute infectious diseases "have been replaced" with chronic noninfectious diseases, due to the improvement of general and health conditions. One of the consequences of such changes is increased life expectancy and a larger share of older population which resulted in cardiovascular diseases and tumors to dominate more and more in total mortality. Convergent trends in the structure of the leading causes of death in Serbia from the middle of the 20th century are the reasons why there are considerably fewer diseases and causes with a significant rate in total population mortality at the beginning of the 21st century. During the 1950s, there were five groups of diseases and causes which participated individually with more than 10% of population mortality (infectious diseases, heart and circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, some perinatal conditions and undefined states) while at the beginning of the new century there were only two such groups (cardiovascular diseases and tumors). Identical trends exist in all European countries, as well as in the rest of the developed world. The leading causes of death in Serbia are cardiovascular diseases. An average of somewhat over 57.000 people died annually in the period from 2007 - 2009, which represents 55.5% of total population mortality. Women are more numerous among the deceased and this difference is increasing due to population feminization. The most frequent cause of death in Serbia, after heart and circulatory diseases, are tumors, which caused 21,415 deaths in 2009. Neoplasms are responsible for one fifth of all deaths. Their number has doubled in three decades, from 9,107 in 1975 to about 20,000 at the beginning of the 21st century, whereby tumors have become the fastest growing cause of death. Least changes in absolute number of deaths in the last half century were marked among violent deaths. Observed by gender, men are in average three times more numerous among violent deaths than women. In the middle of the 20th century in Serbia, one third of the deaths caused by violence were younger than 25 and as many as one half were younger than 35 years old. Only one tenth (11%) of total number of violent deaths were from the age group of 65 or older. At the end of the first decade of the 21st century (2009), the share of population younger than 25 in the total number of violent deaths was decreased four times (and amounted to 8%). At the same time, the rate of those older than 65 or more quadrupled (amounted to 39%).

scholarly journals Mitochondria-targeting fluorescent molecules for high efficiency cancer growth inhibition and imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
pp. 7946-7951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Xin Feng ◽  
Mark Zhu ◽  
Simon Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Lipophilic Cations ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Fluorescent Molecules ◽  
Mitochondria Targeting

5BMF is a new fluorescent mitochondria-accumulating delocalized lipophilic cations [DLC] that boasts significantly increased anti-cancer effects and low toxicity in comparison to previous DLCs, addressing current hurdles in DLC clinical translation.

scholarly journals The Development of Functional Non-Viral Vectors for Gene Delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patil ◽  
Gao ◽  
Lin ◽  
Li ◽  
Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Transfection Efficiency ◽  
Cationic Lipids ◽  
Gene Vectors ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity

Gene therapy is manipulation in/of gene expression in specific cells/tissue to treat diseases. This manipulation is carried out by introducing exogenous nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA, into the cell. Because of their negative charge and considerable larger size, the delivery of these molecules, in general, should be mediated by gene vectors. Non-viral vectors, as promising delivery systems, have received considerable attention due to their low cytotoxicity and non-immunogenicity. As research continued, more and more functional non-viral vectors have emerged. They not only have the ability to deliver a gene into the cells but also have other functions, such as the performance of fluorescence imaging, which aids in monitoring their progress, targeted delivery, and biodegradation. Recently, many reviews related to non-viral vectors, such as polymers and cationic lipids, have been reported. However, there are few reviews regarding functional non-viral vectors. This review summarizes the common functional non-viral vectors developed in the last ten years and their potential applications in the future. The transfection efficiency and the transport mechanism of these materials were also discussed in detail. We hope that this review can help researchers design more new high-efficiency and low-toxicity multifunctional non-viral vectors, and further accelerate the progress of gene therapy.

scholarly journals Disarmed anthrax toxin delivers antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA with high efficiency and low toxicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 316-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D.R. Dyer ◽  
Thomas R. Shepherd ◽  
Alexander S. Gollings ◽  
Susan A. Shorter ◽  
Monique A.M. Gorringe-Pattrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antisense Oligonucleotides ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Anthrax Toxin ◽  
Low Toxicity

Multihydroxylated [Gd@C82(OH)22]nNanoparticles:  Antineoplastic Activity of High Efficiency and Low Toxicity

Nano Letters ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2050-2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunying Chen ◽  
Gengmei Xing ◽  
Jiangxue Wang ◽  
Yuliang Zhao ◽  
Bai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Antineoplastic Activity ◽  
Low Toxicity

Cardiovascular Complications of Chronic Opium Consumption: A Narrative Review Article

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba ZIAEE ◽  
Reza HAJIZADEH ◽  
Arash KHORRAMI ◽  
Nariman SEPEHRVAND ◽  
Saeideh MOMTAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Review Article ◽  
High Availability ◽  
Coronary Artery Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Drugs And Crime ◽  
Opium Use ◽  
Related Mortality

Opiates are the second most prevalent abused illicit substance after cannabis in the world. The latest United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report estimated 30% increment in opium cultivation worldwide. High prevalence of opium consumption in eastern countries may be due to the high availability and traditional misconceptions. Opium consumption has been linked to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and coronary artery diseases (CAD). In this review, we will review the association between opium use, cardiovascular diseases, and clinical outcomes. The present evidence suggests that chronic opiate consumption may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and related mortality.

scholarly journals Specific AAV serotypes stably transduce primary hippocampal and cortical cultures with high efficiency and low toxicity

2008 ◽  
Vol 1190 ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas C. Royo ◽  
Luk H. Vandenberghe ◽  
Jing-Yuan Ma ◽  
Alisse Hauspurg ◽  
LiYa Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cortical Cultures ◽  
Low Toxicity

The Year in Review: Critical Care Medicine

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-85
Author(s):  
Maria I. Rudis ◽  
David Q. Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Neuromuscular Blocking ◽  
Critical Care Medicine ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Adult Intensive Care Unit

Background: There have been significant recent advances in the pharmacotherapeutic management of critically ill patients. The purpose of this article is to review and discuss the most pertinent published literature in the areas of neurology, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, nephrology, hematology, and gastroenterology as it pertains to critical care in order to provide an update for the critical care practitioner. Methods: We performed a Medline search from July 1999 to December 2000 utilizing terms relating to the pharmacotherapy of the specific aforementioned topics in critical care medicine. We focused on English-language clinical studies performed in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. From these articles we selected those that would have a practical impact on drug therapy in the ICU or the development of drug usage guidelines for critically ill patients. Review articles were generally not included. Results: The following topics were found to be either new developments or of potentially significant impact in the management of adult critically ill patients. In the area of neurology, advances were found with respect to optimization of regimens for sedative and neuromuscular blocking agents, validation of sedation scales and tools, and in the treatment of head injury patients. In the cardiovascular diseases, most studies related to the hemodynamic support of septic shock. We focus on developments in fluid resuscitation, optimization of global and regional oxygen transport variables, the repositioning of vasopressor agents, and a return to the use of steroids. Given the high mortality rate associated with the development of acute renal failure in the ICU, there has been a consistent attempt to develop preventative and treatment strategies for these patients, including optimization of antimicrobial dosing methods. Several epidemiological and longitudinal studies document changes in multi-drug antimicrobial resistance patterns. The use of treatment guidelines for antimicrobials in the critically ill improves outcomes in most patients. Significant attention has focused on the characterization of anemia in the ICU and the development of alternative pharmacological strategies in its treatment. Finally, in gastroenterology, the main focus has been the investigation of methods to optimize the delivery of enteral nutrition given its proven benefits in critically ill patients. Conclusions: Significant advances in the areas of neurological, cardiovascular, infectious diseases, renal, hematological, and gastrointestinal issues in the pharmacotherapy of critically ill patients have been published over the course of the past year. Many of these studies have yielded data that may be incorporated into the pharmacotherapeutic management of ICU patients, hence maximizing outcomes.

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