PENYEBAB PERCERAIAN DALAM KELUARGA DI KOTA PALU

Divorce is a result of the inability of husband and wife to overcome problems in the household. Based on data from the Palu City Ahama Court, husband and wife's opinion occurred a lot in palu city. For this reason, this study aims to explain the causes of husband and wife divorce in Palu City. Through field research by reviewing and analyzing data from interviews, observations, and dolumentation, qualitative analysis can be done. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the phenomenon of the cause of divorce in Palu City in terms of internal in the household environment occurred because one party left the obligation to make a living for the survival of the family with a percentage of 45.38%, the occurrence of moral crises such as gambling, drunkenness with a percentage of 6.62%, excessive jealousy that caused heartache with a percentage of 3.01%, Disputes that occur continuously with a percentage of 29.51%, unhealthy polygamy 1.80%. Furthermore, another cause of divorce in Palu City is in terms of external factors, is because parents who interfere too much in household affairs with a percentage of 8.20%, other parties as third parties by spreading slander whose percentage reaches 2.40%.

Phenomenological Study of the Role of Sentani Women in the Family in Jayapura Regency in 2021

This research is motivated by the role of women in the household environment, so this role is considered an obligation that must be done hereditary by women. It can be described that the role of women in life ranging from pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding children, maintaining the survival of children to adulthood is a nature that must be lived by a woman. This study examined the role of Papuan women in the Sentani tribe as a family booster and health resilience for the community from the cultural point of view of the Sentani tribe, Papua. This research uses qualitative research methods of phenomenology in May - October 2021. The data collection was conducted with interviews with 14 informants consisting of tribal chiefs, community leaders, fathers, mothers and young women sentani. The results showed sentani women began their role in the household by preparing all the needs of family members as an early education for young women about their obligations as women. Mothers have an important responsibility to keep young women in a pattern of association and behave with boys. Sentani women have a dual role, in addition to shouldering the responsibility of being a mother who gives birth and prepares all the needs of children and her husband, they also play a role to prepare foodstuffs such as gardening or looking for fish in the lake. This role is always attached and passed down to their daughters.

Buffoonery in the Speech of the Character and the Issue of Historical Form in the Novel The Winter of Our Discontent by J. Steinbeck

The intention is to explain some aspects of hybridization of language consciousness in this literary work. The aim of the study is to clarify the issue of a word in the novel, which was updated by M.M. Bakhtin. The general thesis is that the tendency to hybridization explains the juxtaposition of serious and funny within the characters utterance: the border between prosaic reality and the characters own world is found precisely when he turns to jokes. The speech of the character indicates a tendency to aestheticize the household environment. This trend leads to a high-intensity hybridization of everyday words and Holy Scripture . The novel The Winter of Our Discontent is more than a didactic literary work and reveals some features of the picaresque novel, but the necessary feature of the picaresque novel is the first-person narrative. Instead of this form of narration the character and the narrators points of view are brought closer together in the novel by J. Steinbeck. The literary work with the features of the picaresque novel remains multidimensional and does not reduce only to one of the existing novel forms, and typologically is rather anti-picaresque. The characters buffoonery gives him the right to detachment, due to which the skewed nature of other characters in the novel is overcome. The language hybridization in this work plays a key role in understanding of the novel.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis Assemblage D of Dogs in Egypt, and Its Zoonotic Implication

Background, Methods: To elucidate the prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia infection in dogs, a cross-sectional study was performed on stray and housed dogs from different localities of Egypt. Results: A total of 986 fecal specimens were collected from dogs. The overall infection rate was 8.5%. The diarrheic dogs revealed higher prevalence of 14.43% than asymptomatic animals. The infection was more prevalent in younger dogs ( < 6 months) (9.5%) compared to older animals. Higher prevalence of infection was observed during the cold winter months (11.24%). The community owned dogs (stray dogs in the street) showed (11.75%) higher prevalence rate than pet dogs in the household environment (5.59%). Moreover, it was found that dogs fed on undercooked meat, and offal's were showing higher prevalence of giardiasis than dogs fed on canned meat. On the other hand, dogs subjected to regular grooming and good hygienic practices had lesser prevalence rate of the infection compared to unclean neglected dogs. Conclusions: The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the amplicons of 18SrRNA gene of G. duodenalis revealed that; they were closer to assemblage D necessitating urgent attention due to their zoonotic importance.

Older Adults and the Impact of COVID-19: Lessons Learned from a Two-State Study

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased strains on the rapidly increasing aging population’s mental, emotional, and physiological health. COVID-19, which belongs to a family of respiratory viruses, was first detected in China before spreading to other parts of the globe. Due to underlying health conditions and weakened immune systems, the aging population is at greater risk for contracting COVID-19. To better prepare for a future pandemic, it is necessary to explore the psychosocial impacts of limited human interactions to make the aging population feel safer while mitigating harm to their mental and emotional health. The purpose of this study is to highlight the experiences of the aging population with COVID-19, including psychosocial, behavioral responses to the pandemic, and older adults’ overall well-being. We surveyed a total of 203 adults 55 and older regarding their experiences with the pandemic. Survey components included the COVID-19 Household Environment Scale (Behar-Zusman, Chavez, & Gattamorta, ND), selected items from the COVID-19 Impact Study and open-ended questions, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (Williams et al., 2006), and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell, Peplau, & Ferguson, 1978). Preliminary analyses indicate that most participants had not experienced any COVID-19 symptoms, nor did they know anyone who had passed away from the virus. However, participants did report loneliness and less family cohesion because of the pandemic. Findings from this study will be used to help older adults cope with the impact of the current pandemic and future pandemics.

Support Quality Moderates the Impact of Total Household Occupancy on Self-Care Neglect in Informal Caregivers

Caregiver self-care may be impacted by the household environment. We evaluated the impact of support quality (e.g., ratings of quality of emotional support, information, material help, errands performed by others) and total household occupancy on a validated measure of self-care neglect in caregivers of patients with heart failure. Multivariate regression modeling was used to examine predictors of self-care neglect and we introduced an interaction term between support quality and household occupancy. The main effects model included terms for years of caregiving experience, hours caregiving daily, support quality, and total household occupancy (R2: 0.31; p &lt;0.05). The interaction term between support quality and household occupancy contributed significantly (p &lt; .05) to the respecified model (R2: 0.41; p &lt;0.05). We suggest that the potential benefit of total household occupancy on caregiver self-care depends on perceived support quality. Clinicians should assess quality of household resources with caregivers during interactions.

Modeling Daily Partner Violence and Substance Use Based upon Couple’s Reporting

While agent-based models (ABMs) have successfully modeled violence and women’s decision-making, they relied upon studies of her daily reports of violence and household environment; these models were not based upon descriptions of his emotions and perceptions. The purpose of this study was to improve our understanding of the triggers of violent events within violent relationships through agent-based modeling by including men’s perceptions and emotions. An agent-based model was created of couples with history of violence based upon results of a study involving multiple time series of partner violence, including couples’ daily reports of their emotions and perceptions. To explore factors that may alter model results, seven continuous variable parameters were created based upon significant ( p ≤ .05) but discrepant (opposite directions) in prior studies. To assess the potential impact that influencing factors such as random stress as well as his and her feelings and behaviors could have on violence and stalking, the impact of these factors was also assessed. Results found that, at baseline, which included no extremes in variable parameters, no violence emerged. One prior-day→same-day relationship (HerConcern→HerConcern) was particularly important in this ABM. Men’s and women’s drug use and refraining from arguments had little impact on any outcome, but his and her alcohol use, his sense of insult and her violence all had significant effects. In fact, women’s alcohol use interacted with other influencing variables and was a source of atypical patterns. In conclusion, incorporating men’s perceptions into an ABM of partner violence resulted in important differences compared with ABMs based solely on women’s input. Not only were women’s daily concerns about the effect of violence on children was critical to results, but this ABM demonstrated the complexity of partner violence in response to influences as illustrated by contextual dependence, interaction effects and synergy.

Indonesian National Security Policy in Fighting Terrorism Among the Youth Generation

At the beginning of the 21st century, Indonesia was marked by terrorist attacks that caused victims, such as the Bali Bombings in 2002. The threat and violence of terrorism cannot be separated from the influence of international terrorist organizations that attack Indonesia through targeted attacks on vulnerable individuals or groups, more specifically the youth generation. The perpetrators of terrorism have taken advantage of the technological network of the online radicalization era. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has inspired many patterns of human interaction from domestic interactions to global interactions. This study explains various ideas about implementing national security policies in countering terrorism among the youth generation with qualitative methods using literature analysis so that several tactical steps are found to counter terrorism through critical and open education, exemplary, eradicating injustice, transcendence, and international cooperation. An important finding in this study is the importance of the joint commitment of elements of society to implement Indonesia&#39;s national security policy through actions that have small dimensions in the school and household environment and large dimensions at the national level.

Population-Based Distribution of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare in Japan

This study aimed to clarify the population-based distributions of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare in Japan. We conducted a combined analysis of the national insurance claim and microbiological databases. The incidence rates of M. avium by province were similar throughout the country, with some exceptions, such as in Okinawa, probably because the bathing customs are different from those in mainland Japan. In contrast, M. intracellulare showed a gradual increase from the central part of the country to the southwestern region, with precise gradation, which may indicate infection sources in the natural environment. This study found that assessment of the infection route of M. intracellulare in the natural environment, which is similar to the distribution of M. intracellular patients, is warranted. In conclusion, improvement of the household environment could decrease the incidence of M. avium, while environmental countermeasures will be required to decrease the incidence of M. intracellulare.

Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil

When it comes to visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil, one of the main targets of public health policies of surveillance is the control of domestic canine reservoirs of Leishmania infantum. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci in the transmission to human and animal hosts in an endemic city for VL, Bauru, in Brazil. We collected 6,578 blood samples of dogs living in 3,916 households from Nov.2019 to Mar.2020 and applied geospatial models to predict the disease risk based on the canine population. We used Kernel density estimation, cluster analysis, geostatistics, and Generalized Additive Models (GAM). To validate our models, we used cross-validation and created a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We found an overall canine VL (CVL) seroprevalence of 5.6% for the sampled dogs, while for the households, the positivity rate was 8.7%. Odds ratios (OR) for CVL increased progressively according to the number of canines for >2 dogs (OR 2.70); households that already had CVL in the past increased the chances for CVL currently (OR 2.73); and the cases of CVL increase the chances for human VL cases (OR 1.16). Our models were statistically significant and demonstrated a spatial association between canine and human disease cases, mainly in VL foci that remain endemic. Although the Kernel density ratio map had the best performance (AUC = 82), all the models showed high risk in the city’s northwest area. Canine population dynamics must be considered in public policies, and geospatial methods may help target priority areas and planning VL surveillance in low and middle-income countries.