Iranian Reconstruction, Development, and Aid in Syria

This article examines the activities of the Iranian parastatal development organization Construction Jihad in the Syrian Civil War since 2015. Construction Jihad has implemented reconstruction and development projects and delivered social services and humanitarian aid in order to appease segments of the Syrian population and help pro-government forces consolidate territory. This case study sheds light on the complexities and tensions surrounding the Syrian regime's alliance with Iran and Russia and its efforts to preserve national sovereignty and avoid becoming dependent on its allies.

High-Speed Railway Passenger Station Based on Contingency Theory Promotes the Construction of Flexible Organization for the Integration of Industry and Service Industry

Firstly, the paper discusses the theoretical progress of contingency theory in organization construction, which lays a theoretical foundation for the research of flexible organization construction of high-speed railway passenger stations. Then, based on the contingency conceptual framework proposed by Lucence, the conceptual framework of flexible organization construction of high-speed railway passenger station is constructed in combination with the operational characteristics and operating environment of high-speed railway passenger station. This paper explains the connotation of flexible organization construction of high-speed railway station. On this basis, the paper puts forward the idea of flexible organization construction of high-speed railway passenger station. Finally, five supporting measures for the construction of flexible organization of high-speed railway station are put forward. These studies provide theoretical guidance and construction ideas for flexible organization construction of high-speed railway stations in response to passenger flow fluctuation; the main strategy is to give priority to the introduction and cultivation of producer services in developed cities.

SOME CRITERIA OF PROFESSIONAL TEACHING

Lesson is the main form of organization of the educational process. At the same time, it is a mirror of the general pedagogical culture of a teacher, a measure of his intellectual wealth, an indicator of his worldview and erudition. In our article the key terms and definitions concerning questions of "lesson", "modern lesson", "professional teaching" as important pedagogical phenomena and key forms of the organization of educational process are presented. A description of possible criteria for professional teaching and recommendations for teachers on the organization, construction and conduct of effective training were analyzed. According to the evidence of empirical teaching research on the central characteristics of professional teaching, it can be argued that practical training remains a key form of organization and is the educational place where the very processes of learning, education and personal development take place.

ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MALAY TRADITIONAL HOUSES THROUGH DECORATIVE ELEMENTS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PERAK LIMAS' HOUSE (PLH) AND JOHOR LIMAS' HOUSE (JLH)

Malay Traditional houses were classified based on roof design, spatial organization, construction method, geographical setting and decorative elements particularly at every state in Malaysia. This article analyzes decorative elements on the traditional Malay houses in two states; Perak Limas' House (PLH) in Perak and Johor Limas' House (JLH) in Johor. The research aim is to establish the architectural characteristics of both PLH and JLH. This can be achieved by identifying the existence of decorative elements and carrying out a comparative study on both PLH and JLH on the decorative elements as the main architectural characteristic. Twenty-five of PLH and JLH were selected for the study. The study found similarities and dissimilarities that contribute to the extension of aesthetical theory of the Malay traditional house in Malaysia. The findings established the architectural attributes of traditional houses in Perak and Johor through decorative elements.

Traditional folk economic buildings on the Tara mountain

Traditional folk architecture on Tara mountain, generally speaking, belongs to cultural areal of traditional building of dinarska brvnara type, i.e. building made of wood. In direct connection with Zlatibor mountain, where we can find some of the best examples of vernacular architecture, traditional building on Tara mountain does not show any specificity but at the same time does not lag behind comparison with other regions with the same type of building. In this paper we are presenting results of ethnographic field research in traditional folk construction of economic buildings. The field research was accomplished during years 2015 and 2016 in villages on Tara. The emphasis is on the economic buildings which are directly derived from structure of economic activities of rural population and we are taking into account both traditional and contemporary economic buildings. In this paper basic forms of organisation of space in households are presented as well. Preliminary analysis of the economic buildings on Tara shows that they clearly follow needs of traditional economy, needs which are determined with the culture of social organization as well as with the structure of economic organization. Construction and architecture of economic buildings also points out that they are on high utilitarian level and that they can represent relations between some economic activities.

Digital transformation in the focus of transdisciplinarity of philosophical knowledge

From the perspective of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary synthesis, there was studied the conceptual and methodological certainty of the existing approaches to understanding digital transformation. The author proceeds from the fact that digital transformation is not only the new technology (artificial intelligence, blockchain, data analysis, Internet of things etc.), but also a deep transformation of the basics of life, the structure of organizations and enterprises, society as a whole. In other words, it is a fundamental transformation of traditional models of life organization, construction, and development of a new reality, which is not always tolerant to humans. Thus, digital transformation is considered as essential characteristic of the modern era, the formation of which was influenced by a number of factors of social dynamics. The key factors are informatization and total digitalization. These processes caused formation of new sociality, which was different from the previous types of civilizational development with a sharp increase of the role of temporal and artificial component in the structure of social-biological evolution. In conditions of intensive social dynamics, choice remains an essential characteristic of new sociality. At the same time, the subjective side of social choice is changing: it is not an atomic personality, group, institution, but a high tech social practice taken from the point of view of the system of interaction of agents that realize the social-economic expediency in line with intensive innovation transformation. There is substantiated the increasing importance of modern social-humanitarian knowledge as conceptual-categorical and methodological base of reflection and prediction of the processes of formation of new sociality. In the structure of scientific-methodological reflection, there is actualized the transdisciplinary status of philosophical knowledge and its potential in connection with new instrumental-technical capabilities of cognitive practice.

A QUADTREE ORGANIZATION CONSTRUCTION AND SCHEDULING METHOD FOR URBAN 3D MODEL BASED ON WEIGHT

The increasement of Urban 3D model precision and data quantity puts forward higher requirements for real-time rendering of digital city model. Improving the organization, management and scheduling of 3D model data in 3D digital city can improve the rendering effect and efficiency. This paper takes the complexity of urban models into account, proposes a Quadtree construction and scheduling rendering method for Urban 3D model based on weight. Divide Urban 3D model into different rendering weights according to certain rules, perform Quadtree construction and schedule rendering according to different rendering weights. Also proposed an algorithm for extracting bounding box extraction based on model drawing primitives to generate LOD model automatically. Using the algorithm proposed in this paper, developed a 3D urban planning&management software, the practice has showed the algorithm is efficient and feasible, the render frame rate of big scene and small scene are both stable at around 25 frames.

ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE RESTORATION OF RUMAH DATUK SETIA VIA MOBILE AUGMENTED REALITY RESTORATION

This paper focuses on Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) for architectural heritage restoration as an alternative technique to visually restore the ruined rear house of Rumah Datuk Setia, Kuala Kangsar, Perak. The research consists of the development of Virtual Heritage (VH) based on the architectural heritage information of the ruined rear house, such as spatial organization, construction, ornamentation, materials; as well as “Augmented Reality” (AR) for architecturalheritage restoration via mobile devices, such as smartphone and tablet. The objective is to develop Mobile Augmented Reality Restoration (MARR) of Rumah Datuk Setia, as a showcase of architectural conservation technique, for future restoration. The study reveals the process by integrating layers of architectural heritage information – VH, MAR and other enabling technologiesas primary mediums for architectural heritage restoration. The research manifestation introduces a new technique of architectural heritage building restoration through MARR. It highlights necessary elements needed to be considered, and challenges, in developing the MARR, which can be applied for future architectural restorations.