Development and Feasibility Assessment of Virtual Reality-Based Relaxation Self-Training Program

Diaphragmatic breathing and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) are an effective way for relaxation training and anxiety control, but their use is not common to the general public. Today, as the need for non-face-to-face contact increases, virtual reality (VR)-based self-training is gaining attention in public health. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the newly developed VR-based relaxation training program. Both diaphragmatic breathing and PMR can be trained without an assistant using this VR application in three steps: 1) learning in a virtual clinic, 2) review in a comfortable virtual environment, and 3) practice in outdoor virtual environments. Self-training is recommended on a 3-weeks schedule with a total of 4–6 trials per day for 4 days a week. Thirty-one healthy volunteers were divided into the VR (n = 15) and worksheet (n = 16) groups, and participated in self-training under similar conditions as much as possible. Multiple evaluations were performed before, during, and after self-training. The change rates of all psychological and psychophysiological measures before and after self-training did not significantly differ between the two groups. The levels of tension after breathing practices showed no group difference, whereas those after PMR practices were significantly lower in the VR group than in the worksheet group. In the VR group, trials of outdoor practices tended to induce a decrease of the tension level, particularly after outdoor breathing trials. The VR group gave a practicable score of 70 points or more, average 43.5, and average 180.3 for usability, cybersickness, and presence of this program, respectively. These results suggest that the VR-based relaxation self-training program can be used by healthy people as a means of relaxation. In the use of this program, diaphragmatic breathing may be used more easily, but the benefit of using VR is higher in PMR. These findings provide justification for a randomized controlled study of whether this program can be used for stress relief in the general population and, furthermore, treatment of patients with anxiety disorders.

Development of a planar cable parallel robot for practical application in the educational process

Cable-driven parallel robot (CDPR) has the great potential for various applications in industry and in everyday life. They consist of an end effector and a base, which connected by several cables. CDPRs have a large workspace compared to the workspace of classic parallel robots. CDPR have a simpler structure have good dynamic properties, high carrying capacity, mobility and low cost. The only drawback is that the CDPR cables can only work for retraction and cannot push. This article presents the design of a prototype of a planar CDPR with four cables for practical use in the educational process. This prototype of a planar CDPR is necessary for a better understanding of the design features, structure, kinematics, statics and dynamics of the CDPR by students. The planar CDPR performs two translational motions, due to the controlled 4 cables, and one rotational motion of the end effector. The research of the kinematics and statics of the planar cable-driven parallel robot is carried out. Simulation of the motion of a planar cable-driven parallel robot in the Python programming language has been carried out. A design was developed and a prototype of the planar cable-driven parallel robot was manufactured. Experimental researches of a prototype of the planar cable-driven parallel robot have been carried out. The results of experimental researches have shown that the CDPR works well enough. During the tests of the prototype of the planar cable-driven parallel robot, it was found that the distortions of the trajectory of the end effector depend on the tension of the cables. It is necessary to monitor the tension level using strain gauges. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, the effectiveness of the use of the prototype of a planar CDPR in the educational process of the robotics course has been confirmed

Methodology of assessment of socio-political situation in interests of moral and psychological support during participation of NGU subdivisions and military units in Joint Forces Operaztion: organizational and legal approach

The article is devoted to the methodology for assessing the socio-political situation during the development of a plan by the commander and decision-making for a battle (combat operations). The list of service and combat tasks that are assigned to him and are carried out by subdivisions and units of the National Guard of Ukraine during participation in the operation of the Joint Forces, their analysis showed that the success of actions largely depends on the moral and psychological factor and discipline of the personnel. The personnel needs long-term psychological stability, readiness to use weapons and military equipment in various conditions of the situation, individual professional skills and the ability to make independent decisions with appropriate proposals for orders and instructions. The author's vision of the consistent work of staff officers and ones on work with the personnel in assessing the socio-political situation in the area of performance of service and combat missions by subdivisions and military units of the National Guard of Ukraine is formulated. According to the results of the study, the socio-political situation was determined as a set of socio-economic, domestic political, religious, historical and cultural conditions, interethnic (international) relations and other factors in a certain district (region) of the state for some time. The methodology for its assessment in the interests of the moral and psychological support of NGU subdivisions and military units during participation in the Joint Forces Operation is determined taking into account: basic assumptions and limitations; initial data; content of identifying and assessing the situation, the procedure for carrying out calculations; examples of solving typical tasks to identify and assess the socio-political situation in a certain district (region); it is carried out using a scale of tension level. Attention is focused on the problematic issues that arise at the present development stage of the state

The Relationship Between Arthroplasty Surgeons’ Experience Level and Optimal Cable Tensioning in the Fixation of Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy

Introduction In this study, our aim was to examine the relationship between the arthroplasty surgeons’ experience level and their aptitude to adjust the cable tension to the value recommended by the manufacturer when asked to provide fixation with cables in artificial bones that underwent extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETO). Materials and Methods A custom-made cable tensioning device with a microvoltmeter was used to measure the tension values in Newtons (N). An ETO was performed on 4 artificial femur bones. Surgeons at various levels of experience attending the IXth National Arthroplasty Congress were asked to fix the osteotomized fragment using 1.7-mm cables and the tensioning device. The participants’ demographic and experience data were investigated and recorded. The surgeons with different level of experience repeated the tensioning test 3 times and the average of these measurements were recorded. Results In 19 (35.2%) of the 54 participants, the force applied to the cable was found to be greater than the 490.33 N (50 kg) value recommended by the manufacturer. No statistically significant difference was determined between the surgeon’s years of experience, the number of cases, and the number of cables used and the tension applied over the recommended maximum value ( P = .475, P = .312, and P = .691, respectively). Conclusions No significant relationship was found between the arthroplasty surgeon’s level of experience and the adjustment of the cable with the correct tension level. For this reason, we believe that the use of tensioning devices with calibrated tension gauges by orthopedic surgeons would help in reducing the number of complications that may occur due to the cable.

Study on South Asian Diabetic Subjects on Different Attributes

Diabetes is a serious problem in today's world. Stress TTH (tension type headache) is another epidemic which is growing with a very fast pace. Diabetes is a disease of the body that prevents the metabolism of blood sugar (glucose). This increases the blood glucose to a risky level. The present study aims to analyze diabetes with the latest IoT and big data analysis techniques and its correlation with stress (TTH) on human health. Authors have tried to include age, gender, and insulin factor and its correlation with diabetes. IoT helps us to connect each other, that is, it is known a smart connecting thing (a sort of “universal global neural network” in cloud). It comprises of smart connecting machine with other machine, object, and a lot more. Big data refers to huge sets of data that are also large enough in terms of variety and velocity. Due to this, it becomes more difficult to handle, organise, store, process, and manipulate such data using traditional techniques of storage and processing. Stress especially TTH (tension type headache) is a serious problem in today's world. Now every person in this world is facing headache and stress-related problems in daily life. The authors have collected this big data and studied the people; they have studied their tension level and helped them to cure it. In this chapter, they analyze the correlation between diabetes and stressors. For the analysis, they collected sample of 30 subjects from hospitals of Delhi in random fashion who have been suffering from diabetes from their health insurance providers without disclosing any personal information (PI) or sensitive personal information (SPI) by law. To identify each case sample IDs like S1, S2, etc. has been allotted to the subjects. Sample data has been collected for following parameters: gender, age, diabetes type, insulin dependency, obesity status, CAD status, and CAN status. They have used the Tableau s/w for this analysis. Overall, an interesting observation during the research was that none of the female subjects having diabetes is below 25 years, that is, early age diabetes cases are less comparative to males subjected to the case sampling should not be impacted for age group gender biasing.

ASSESSMENT OF DEMOGRAPHIC RISKS FOR THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SIBERIA IN THE CONTEXT OF A "CORONACRISIS"

The article analyzes the demographic risks of ensuring the social and demographic security of Siberia in the context of the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. The destabilization of the economic situation due to restrictive measures to prevent the further spread of the virus can lead to a significant reduction in the level of economic well-being of households, as well as to a regression of expectations regarding future development. The hypothesis suggests that in these conditions Russia will not get out of the “demographic trap” due to the increasing influence of demographic risks. The study proposes a synthetic definition of demographic risks, which allows assessing the probability of demographic events that affect the demographic situation tension level (danger). Thus, a quantitative assessment of demographic risks for Siberia was made using the Monte Carlo method.

Pengaruh Variasi Diameter Elektroda E7018 Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik, Kekerasan, dan Struktur Mikro Pengelasan pada Baja Karbon Rendah Jenis SS400 dengan Metode SMAW

Metal welding by the welding method has weaknesses including the decrease in strength of the material and the results of residual stress, as well as the presence of cracks due to the welding process. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of variations in the diameter of the electrode E7018 to tensile strength, hardness, and microstructure on alloysteel SS400 before (raw material) and after welding using welding methodes Shileded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) methode. This research uses experimental methode. Technique of data analysis used is the comparative descriptive. Based on the results of the reseach, it can be conclude that the result of the micro structure test showed an inrease perlit structure after welding. On raw material, ferrit structure looks prevalent but on welding result using SMAW welding methods with the variation in the diameter of the electrode 2.6 mm, 3.2 mm, and 4.0 mm showed that the ferrit decreases on each specimen, so the perlite structure is very dominating. Value of tensile strength on the welding result showed a difference in tension and strain. Specimen with a diameter of electrode 4.0 mm have a higher tension level and strain is 471.11 MPa and 24.98% if compared to the electrode diameter 3.2 mm specimen is 470.15 MPa and 24.81%, and the electrode diameter 2.6 mm is 462.42 MPa and 20.57%. This research shows that the welding using diameter variation of electrode changed value of the tensile strength, micro structure and effected on the value of hardness alloy Steel SS400.

General cosmography model with spatial curvature

ABSTRACT We adopt a cosmographic approach in order to determine spatial curvature (i.e. ΩK), combining the latest release of cosmic chronometer (CC) data, the Pantheon sample of Type Ia supernovae observations and baryon acoustic oscillation measurements. We use the expanded transverse comoving distance DM($z$) as a basic function for deriving H($z$) and other cosmic distances. In this scenario, ΩK can be constrained only by CC data. To overcome the convergence issues at high-redshift domains, two methods are applied: the Padé approximants and the Taylor series in terms of the new redshift y = $z$/(1 + $z$). Adopting the Bayesian evidence, we find that there is positive evidence for the Padé approximant up to order (2,2) and weak evidence for the Taylor series up to third order against the ΛCDM + ΩK model. The constraint results show that a closed Universe is preferred by present observations under all the approximations used in this study. Also, the tension level of the Hubble constant H0 has less than 2σ significance between different approximations and the local distance ladder determination. For each assumed approximation, H0 is anticorrelated with ΩK and the sound horizon at the end of the radiation drag epoch, which indicates that the H0 tension problem can be slightly relaxed by introducing ΩK or any new physics that can reduce the sound horizon in the early Universe.

International relations in 21 century: the place and role Ukraine

The present paper considers the main approaches to definition and understanding of concept of hybrid war,the substantive provisions of the phenomenon of hybrid war and its features in the international relations areanalyzed, absence of unified definition of concept of “hybrid war” in scientific field is stated, also pre-conditionsof hybrid war development by a country-aggressor are considered.Actuality of problem. The problem of the “Hybrid War” due to the increase of the tension level is actualized,which ultimately leads to significant resource losses. All this affects on development of society and the state, asweal as on the all the processes that take place in them.Lately in different parts of the world there is a far of local and domestic conflicts that on the essence appearopposition of supercountries through aspiration to protect the interests and occupy leader positions on a worldpolitical arena. This problem puts further European and world safety under a threat.«Cold war» became one of main varieties of relations between countries during the last two centuries throughintensifying of political rivalry and wars for diverse reasons.This position predetermines the necessity of deep and objective research of this phenomenon. Consequentlyit is very important to expose maintenance, pre-conditions of origin, basic signs and possible consequences ofthis destructive process from event on east of Ukraine. Also study of this problem predefined by the necessityof fight and development of effective counterweapons, determination of ways of its avoidance to hybrid warin the future. Innovativeness of analysis of this problem appears through a look to hybrid war in Ukraine asa constituent of «cold war», new landmark of history of opposition to Russia and the West, exposure of thepersonal touches of «cold war» in our time, establishment of conceptual positions of this concept and its specificlines in international relations.

Self development through scientific spirituality

In modern scientific age everything including the traditional spiritual practices get accepted only after proper evidence or logic is provided. Ācārya Śrīrām Śarmā had proposed scientific spirituality for evolution of every person; this contains four pillars (4S) Sādhanā, Swādhyāya, Saṁyam and Śevā. Individual development is the basis for the development of the society and the entire humankind. Citta is purifed by Sādhanā of Cāndrāyana practice. Manas is purifed by Swādhyāya (Self study). One can change the muscular tension while speaking from muscle tension level 10µV to 2-3µV in EMG reading. Saṁyam of speech for 3 months changes the brain wave pattern in occipital region and left hemisphere Broca's and Wernike's area. 4. Śevā (Service) comes only after self transformation; as according to Ācārya Śrī, Śānti Kunj is a nursery where people come and practice spirituality and cultivate good character; when they go back in the society they change it. These practices are not based on any specific religion, but instead they are for the entire human kind, as Ācārya Śrī set a goal of Yug Nirmān (transformation of the era). Since early 1970s, this nursery has been cultivating ideal human character. It is hoped that eventually an ideal human society will be formed; as one candle can light every other candle without losing anything.