To the issue of prospects and problems of organic production of agricultural products in Ukraine

Organizational production of agricultural products is used to preserve the natural environment and to preserve the quality of the products. The development of organic wines in the light of 100 years and over the course of the period has become insane, as for the correct organization of it, you can preserve ecological, social, and commercial transfers. The organizational structure has become a warehouse part of the bio-economy and circular economy, which is a priority for the economic development of the European Union, the USA, Great Britain, the Great Britain, the Republic of Korea, Japan, and the United States of America. For determining the prospects and problems of organic production of agricultural products, general scientific methods were used such as publicity, systematization, analysis, and synthesis, of the scientific literature and normative documents. For an additional analysis of regulatory documents, a procedure for certifying the authorities of the United States, the European Union and Ukraine has been established. Ukraine, in turn, began to take the first steps towards organic production in the late 1990s. It was at this time that she began to grow organic grain and opened export lines for its transportation to other countries, mainly Europe. Ukraine remains a leader in the production and export of organic cereals. Export competitive advantages of national agar products are lower production costs and logistics support. Ukraine continues to increase its organic production capacity - an increasing number of operators are appearing in this sector of agricultural production. As of 2019, the share of organic production of crop products in Ukraine is 1.4% (5th place in the world in terms of growth rate of organic agriculture), which is 467.9 thousand hectares of the total area of agricultural land in 32, 7 million hectares, as well as 470 operators of organic production. The dynamics of changes in organic agricultural production in Ukraine indicates a general trend of increasing their number, but in some periods, there is a decrease due to the economic and political situation in the country and changes in legislation in this area. Ukraine has significant advantages of organic production, which include a high level of soil fertility, favorable climatic conditions, traditional orientation as an agrarian state. Also, the price of Ukrainian products is lower than the minimum price of organic products of European countries. In the organic production of crops use methods that optimize the biological activity of soils, provide a balanced supply of nutrients to plants. At the same time, there are problems in Ukraine that hinder the development of organic production. In particular, the diversity of the territory in terms of the level of pollution of environmental components, lack of practical application of innovations and modern technologies of agricultural production. The lack of state support for organic producers and state certification system (including qualified specialists for its implementation). Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of October 21, 2020, № 1032 "On approval of the Procedure for certification of organic production and / or circulation of organic products and amendments to the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of October 23, 2019, № 970" approved the stages of certification. Was made the comparison of approaches to the certification of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine shows that they meet European and American standards. However, the absence of a state certification body that certifies organic producers and accredits private certification bodies makes it impossible for state control over organic market operators and the functioning of state certification. The current certification system in Ukraine does not cover the issue of soil contamination or other components of environment, which may affect the quality and safety of organic products. In Ukraine, enterprises in various sectors of the economy use outdated technologies, which can cause soil contamination of agricultural lands, and, accordingly, affect the quality of organic products. Currently, the Laws of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers do not require: the location of the organic agricultural enterprise; content of harmful substances in the soil (including the content of radionuclides and pesticide residues); content in the soil of nutrients that can ensure the production of quality agricultural products and confirm the activities of the farm aimed at maintaining soil fertility. To guarantee the quality of organic products, it is advisable in the certification procedure to consider the level of fertility and soil contamination of agricultural lands, as well as the availability of sources of environmental pollution in the location of the organic producer. Given the above, it is advisable to introduce criteria for assessing the compliance of soils with the requirements of organic production. This approach can guarantee the safety and quality of organic products. During the organization of organic production of agricultural products in Ukraine, the issues of criteria for assessing compliance with regulatory requirements, documentation to be kept by the operator of organic production, etc.

Fattening indicators of young rabbits when feeding Prebiolact-Kr

Measures to increase production are used to address the issue of providing the population with food. During the peak of the industry (1975–1985), Ukraine annually produced 120–165 thousand tons of rabbit meat, 30–45 million skins, and its share in world rabbit production reached 8 %. In the national volume of meat production, the share of highly dietary rabbit accounted for 8–10 %. Rabbit breeding in Ukraine was a very lucrative industry, which employed more than 600 thousand rabbit breeders. However, in recent years, rabbit breeding has declined due to the lack of modern scientific developments on the issues of complete feeding, rabbit keeping technology, low level of breeding and veterinary support. The development of the industry and the lack of coordinating bodies, both in the center and on the ground, are holding back. At present, the rabbit population of Ukraine is 97–98 % concentrated in individual farms and is 1.2–1.3 million breeding and repair livestock, and the rest in farms and breeding entities of various forms of ownership and management. According to the results of state certification, the breeding base of the industry in Ukraine today consists of 1 breeding plant and 7 breeding breeders of rabbit breeds. For feeding young rabbits used complete ration granular feed, the structure of which had different prebiotic content: I control group – the drug was not received, 2 experimental – 1.5, 3 – 2.0, 4 – 2.5 g/goal. per day. The studies were conducted on four groups of young rabbits, selected on the principle of groups of analogues, 25 heads in each. Thus, the total amount of feed increased from 80 g/goal. per day (35–41 days), up to 100 g (42–48 days), 120 g (49–55 days), up to 140 g (56–62 days), up to 160 g (63–69 days) up to 180 g (70–76 days). Feeding of young rabbits when reared for meat Prebiolact-Kr in animals of the second group at 43.1 g, the third 44.6 g and 45.0 g. The use of Prebiolact-Kr in the feeding of young rabbits when fed meat contributes to an increase in fattening performance, which may be the basis for the practical application of this supplement. Perebiolakt-KR showed the best results in feeding fattening and repair young animals at a dose of 2.0 g/goal per day.

Introduction of a new nomen-clature of academic specialities in Russia: Continuity and innovations

Introduction. The nomenclature of academic specialities to be awarded academic degrees is a system-forming element of academic degree holders’ certification system in any country of the world. Therefore, there is a need to revise and update the relevant structure of academic specialities in order to meet the prospective demand from research and development sector of high-tech industries. Apparently, the current nomenclature of 2017, as the instrument of realisation of public policy in the sphere of the state certification of academic and teaching staff in Russia, needed updating.The aim of the present research was to analyse a new version of the nomenclature of academic specialities in Russia to be awarded the degree of Doctor or Candidate of Science, and to make conceptual proposals on the implementation of new nomenclature provisions taking into account possible transformation of scientific and educational environment, including the emergence of new complex areas of academic research.Methodology and research methods. The research object is a system of certification of academic and teaching staff from the position of a three-level structure of the nomenclature of academic specialities, according to which academic degrees are awarded. The methods of comparison and data statistical analysis were applied to assess structural changes in the nomenclature.Results and scientific novelty. The authors considered the prerequisites for update of the nomenclature of academic specialities approved in 2017. The features of a new edition of the nomenclature of academic specialities were highlighted. The analysis of its new structure and content changes was carried out. It is demonstrated that current network of dissertation councils (1696 councils) can be divided into 4 groups according to the degree of compliance of academic specialities and fields of science with the previous and recent versions of nomenclature. It is necessary to create new dissertation councils for 20 new academic specialities.Practical significance. The authors revealed the features of the new nomenclature, requiring the reorganisation of councils network for the defense of doctoral and candidate dissertations. On this basis, to provide promising areas of academic research, the proposals on the implementation of new nomenclature provisions are outlined. The stages of re-opening of dissertation councils network are described.

Identifying and characterizing pesticide use on 9,000 fields of organic agriculture

Notwithstanding popular perception, the environmental impacts of organic agriculture, particularly with respect to pesticide use, are not well established. Fueling the impasse is the general lack of data on comparable organic and conventional agricultural fields. We identify the location of ~9,000 organic fields from 2013 to 2019 using field-level crop and pesticide use data, along with state certification data, for Kern County, CA, one of the US’ most valuable crop producing counties. We parse apart how being organic relative to conventional affects decisions to spray pesticides and, if spraying, how much to spray using both raw and yield gap-adjusted pesticide application rates, based on a global meta-analysis. We show the expected probability of spraying any pesticides is reduced by about 30 percentage points for organic relative to conventional fields, across different metrics of pesticide use including overall weight applied and coarse ecotoxicity metrics. We report little difference, on average, in pesticide use for organic and conventional fields that do spray, though observe substantial crop-specific heterogeneity.

PART 3. PLAGIUM IN THE RESEARCH OF AIRPORTS MVL: FORMAL DEFECTS OF SCIENTIFIC STATE CERTIFICATION

The article considers the third group of cases of non-observance of the order of references to the sources of borrowed materials, which are present in the study of the management of the airports of local airlines in the Far Eastern region, as established in the documents regulating state scientific certification in the Russian Federation.

PART 3. PLAGIUM IN THE RESEARCH OF AIRPORTS MVL: FORMAL DEFECTS OF SCIENTIFIC STATE CERTIFICATION

The article considers the third group of cases of non-observance of the order of references to the sources of borrowed materials, which are present in the study of the management of the airports of local airlines in the Far Eastern region, as established in the documents regulating state scientific certification in the Russian Federation.

Organization of Training of Future Teachers, Aimed at Forming their Culture of Translatuon of Universal Learning Activities

General logical universal learning activities (analysis, synthesis, comparison, etc.) are traditionally considered as basic actions that underlie human thinking. It is generally accepted that already in elementary school, general logical cognitive actions are formed at a sufficient level to understand the diversity of their structure, forms of application in various situations. At the same time, it is assumed that their further development should occur automatically when mastering the content of subject training. However, this opinion is not confirmed either by educational practice or by the results of the final state certification. We also note that the elementary nature of general logical actions causes a tendency to describe them superficially in pedagogical studies devoted to the formation of logical ULA, which prevents the solution of this problem. The methodological basis of the research is the application of the basic components of the system-activity and competence-based approaches in the organization of teaching students of the pedagogical specialty. The general aim of the article was to develop a theoretical concept of training future teachers, aimed at forming a culture of translation of general logical ULA Results. The article proposes an approach to the formation of a culture of translation of general logical methods of cognitive activity among future mathematics teachers, based on the concept of funding the corresponding logical actions. In conclusion, the expediency of using this approach in teaching bachelors of pedagogical education in various specialties is noted.

Criteria-evaluative competencies of sophomore students of the Faculty of Physical Education in the context of distance learning

An assessment of the formation of general cultural and professional competencies of students of future teachers of the subject of physical education in the conditions of distance learning was carried out. A study was organized consisting in comparing the assessments of graduate qualification works of bachelors of physical education by sophomore students conducted as part of classes in the subject: "Fundamentals of scientific and methodological activities" at the Faculty of Physical Culture of Moscow State Regional University in May-June 2020, with the final assessments of the state certification commission. It was established that the shortcomings of distance learning, according to the students surveyed, include: an increase in the volume of homework, technical problems with electronic communication, a lack of live communication with teachers and fellow students and hypodynamy. The advantages of distance learning by students included: saving time and money for moving, conducting classes in a comfortable home environment, flexibility in training planning and the ability to learn new courses. A study of the homogeneity of a group of respondents found that according to examination estimates, students were divided into two groups (with high and low grades), and according to the attendance of classes into three groups of students: absentees who go through the lesson and attend constantly. At the same time, approximately 29% of the assessment in the exam is determined by the number of visits to classes. In the remote format, attendance significantly increased by 12% (t-criterion) from the initial to the quarantine period. It is also determined that 13% of the value of the final assessment of graduate qualification works is determined by the personality of the student expert in the sample under study, and not by the content of the applicant's report and presentation. As a result of cluster analysis, three clusters of expert students are identified, differing in levels of responsibility, social and cognitive intelligence. It was established that criterion-evaluation competencies in terms of assessing knowledge in the subject area of ​ ​ "physical culture" are formed in most students by the end of the second year. More than 80% of sophomore students begin to evaluate graduate work almost the same as members of the state certification commission