Air drag coefficient of textile-covered elastic cylinders – preliminary aerodynamic studies

This paper presents preliminary experimental results on the influence on the aerodynamic drag of a cylinder from the cylinder type (i.e., rigid or soft) and its textile surface. Both a rigid cylinder and a soft-body cylinder, with a gelatin layer, each with five different textile surfaces were measured in the wind tunnel using force measurement technology. The drag coefficient was determined for several Reynolds numbers. The study shows that the elasticity of a cylinder has a significant influence on the drag force and the airflow type. However, the influence of the soft-body cylinder depends on the respective fabric. With the given measurements, no exact statements can yet be made to quantify the influence. This influence must be studied independently and in conjunction with the textile surface in order to gain understanding of the overall system of airflow, textile and elastic body.

An Essential Role of Gelatin in the Formation Process of Curling in Long Historical Photos

Curling disease in long historical photos significantly affects the presentation of cultural heritage information. However, people lack attention to the formation process and microstructural changes of photo curling. In this article, a long historical photo (1912–1949 AD) collected by the Second Historical Archives of China was taken as the research object, and the formation process and cause of the curling were further explored. Firstly, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy disperse spectrometer (EDS), and other instruments were used to analyze the material composition of the long historical photo. It was found that the photographic paper was made of gelatin, barium sulfate, and plant fiber layers. Then, the effects of hygrothermal environments on curling and contraction in the gelatin layer and simulated photographic paper were explored. Meanwhile, the formation process and main influence factors of the curling were preliminarily revealed. The morphological analysis by SEM was carried out to identify the inner correlation between the microstructure and curling of photos. Finally, the possible formation cause of photo curling was analyzed. This study provides a scientific basis and experimental data for the preservation and restoration of long historical photos based on gelatin.

Role of Zinc-Doped Bioactive Glass Encapsulated with Microspherical Gelatin in Localized Supplementation for Tissue Regeneration: A Contemporary Review

Gelatin, a natural polymer, provides excellent tissue compatibility for use in tissue rehabilitation. Bioactive glasses (BAG) offer superior capacity in stimulating a bioactive response but show high variability in uptake and solubility. To tackle these drawbacks, a combination of gelatin with BAG is proposed to form composites, which then offer a synergistic response. The cross-linked gelatin structure’s mechanical properties are enhanced by the incorporation of the inorganic BAG, and the rate of BAG ionic supplementation responsible for bioactivity and regenerative potential is better controlled by a protective gelatin layer. Several studies have demonstrated the cellular benefits of these composites in different forms of functional modification such as doping with zinc or incorporation of zinc such as ions directly into the BAG matrix. This review presents a comprehensive perspective on the individual characteristics of BAG and gelatin, including the synthesis and mechanism of action. Further, adaptation of the composite into various applications for bone tissue engineering is discussed and future challenges are highlighted.

Guided bone regeneration with a gelatin layer and adenoviral delivery of c-myb enhances bone healing in rat tibia

Aim: Bone healing becomes problematic during certain states, such as trauma. This study verifies whether the application of c-myb with gelatin promotes bone healing during bone injuries. Materials & methods: A biodegradable membrane was modified with adenoviral vector c-myb ( Ad/c-myb) and gelatin and applied in the bone injury site of rat tibia. Results: c-myb enhanced osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in bone marrow stromal cells after induction with osteogenic media. In vivo examination of rat tibia after application of the biodegradable membrane with Ad/c-myb and a gelatin layer demonstrated increased bone volume, bone mineral density, new bone formation and osteogenic molecules, compared with Ad/LacZ. Conclusion: c-myb has the potential to assist bone healing and may be applicable to the treatment of bone during injury.

Explosive Welding of Thin Aluminum Plate onto Magnesium Alloy Plate Using a Gelatin Layer as a Pressure-Transmitting Medium

Mg alloys are extensively used in various automotive, aerospace, and industrial applications. Their limited corrosion resistance can be enhanced by welding a thin Al plate onto the alloy surface. In this study, we perform the explosive welding of a thin Al plate, accelerated by the detonation of an explosive through a gelatin layer as a pressure-transmitting medium, onto two Mg alloy samples: Mg96Zn2Y2 alloy containing a long-period stacking ordered phase in an α-Mg matrix and commercial AZ31. The bonding interface is characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron probe microanalysis. Under moderate experimental conditions, the thin Al plates are successfully welded onto the Mg alloys, showing typical wavy interfaces without intermediate layers. Due to the decreased energetic condition corresponding to the use of a thin flyer plate and gelatin medium, the resulting bonding quality is better than that obtained using a regular explosive welding technique. Further, based on the well-known window for explosive welding, we estimate that the experimental conditions for successful bonding are close to the lower welding limit for a thin Al plate with the two Mg alloys considered. These findings may contribute to improving the quality of materials welded with explosive welding.

Loading of Fluvastatin onto Gelatin-Coated Titanium Implants

We aimed to investigate the effects of alumina blasting and alkaline treatment on the immobilization of gelatin-fluvastatin complexes on titanium disks. Blasted titanium disks were submicron-sized porous while the alkaline treated disks were submicron-and nanoporous. XPS analysis revealed homogeneous coverage of titanium disks with a gelatin layer on top of an intermediate polydopamine treatment. The highest amount of fluvastatin immobilization was observed on top of alkaline treated titanium as compared to the blasted disk. A combination of alkaline pre-treatment followed by polydopamine-assisted immobilization of gelatin facilitated optimal loading of fluvastatin onto titanium dental implants.

Study of Computational Theory of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) for Porcine Gelatin Detected Sensor Based Nanomaterial Fe3O4–CNT in Otto’s Configuration

Accurate biomolecular detection can be performed through the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) phenomenon. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of Fe3O4 and Carbon Nanotube (CNT) nanomaterials in the Otto configurations and their use as porcine detection sensors. The research was conducted theoretically by finding the equation of reflectance and computationally using Matlab software version 7.12.0 to know SPR angle and reflectance value. This research uses ATR method with Otto configuration. The modeling was finished using HeNe laser light on 632.8 nm wavelength, semi-circle prism type BK7, metal layer of gold nanoparticles. The results of the research can be used in the detection of porcine gelatin by Otto configurations. The best air gap thickness is 30 nm. The best thickness of the gold layer and Fe3O4 layer are 50 nm and 0.05 nm. The applied of MWCNT nanoparticles is not effective in the detection of biomolecules based SPR. While the thickness of SWCNT used is 1 nm. The SWCNT material also proved to be better used in SPR systems. The addition of porcine gelatin layer in the system shows a graphic change in the form of increasing reflectance value and SPR angular shift.