Verbalisan Witness Position as Evidence of a Criminal Case

The presence of Constitutional Court Decision Number 65/PUUVIII/2010 expands the meaning of witnesses in Article 1 point 26 of the KUHAP, resulting in the emergence of various interpretations in criminal justice practice concerning the position of verbal witness testimony as evidence. Juridically, the decision creates problems considering that the Criminal Procedure Code or Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) does not recognize verbal witnesses' testimony as evidence. This study examined the position and the strength of verbal witnesses' testimony as evidence in criminal proceedings. After gathering all the data using normative and empirical juridical research, this paper concludes that the testimony of verbal witnesses is grouped in the evidence of guidance in Article 188 Paragraph (1) of the KUHAP because the testimony of verbal witnesses is not primary evidence. After all, its existence is contingent on the judge's willingness to employ it. The strength of proof of testimony of verbal witnesses is that they must satisfy the elements of Article 188 paragraph (1) of the KUHAP, namely the information referred to in the form of events or circumstances concerning a criminal act, as well as conformity with other evidence, as required by Article 188 paragraph (2) of the KUHAP.

The Effort to Reduce Over Capacity in Correctional Facilities through Social Work Alternative Punishment

Overcapacity in prisons usually happens due to the high number of incoming inmates which is not directly proportional to the capacity of the correctional institution. It is a problem in realizing the aim of both the correctional system and the criminal justice system and raises the urgency of alternative penalties application. This research aims twofold: First, to uncover the causes of prison overcapacity, Second, to elaborate on how policy is being developed toward alternative punishment to reduce overcapacity. This study takes a normative and empirical legal approach, with data gathered through literature reviews and field studies. In conclusion, it would appear that alternative punishments are essential to change the negative views regarding the application of criminal sanctions in prison into the application of alternative criminal sanctions for social work that have a positive impact. The punishment that can be used as an alternative to imprisonment is the social work penalty. The social work penalty is considered to reduce the negative impact on the implementation of imprisonment in prisons that experience overcapacity. This research suggests that the social work criminal formulation policy should be immediately formulated in the Draft of Criminal Code (RUU KUHP).

Law Enforcement towards Online Mass Media Abuse According to the Press Law

The resolution process of law enforcement related to press offences differs in Indonesia. The disparity in resolving legal issues arising from press violations in Indonesia is due, in part, to differing interpretations of press regulations. Some actions were taken under Law No. 40 of 1999 Concerning the Press (Press Law). Some issues were resolved through the Criminal Code or the Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). This study is interested in looking into law enforcement against the abuse of mass media through online media in terms of press law and the Criminal Code and the barriers to its enforcement. The method used in this research is a normative juridical and empirical juridical approach. Subsequently, data analysis uses qualitative analysis methods. The paper concludes by arguing that enforcing press law against abuse of mass media through online media is accomplished by enforcing Article 5 paragraph (1) of the Press Law. However, Article 5 paragraph (1) of the Press Law does not regulate or formulate the delusions of defamation and insults as regulated in Article 310 of the Criminal Code. The absence of norms and conditions for when and in what cases the press can and cannot be brought to court for violating criminal law and sentenced to criminal sanctions is a barrier in law enforcement on the misuse of mass media through online media associated with press laws.

Law Enforcement Obstacle Against Online Gambling at Lampung Regional Police

Easy access to the world of information technology currently impacts the rise of cybercrime, including the crime of online gambling. Many efforts have been made by the government and law enforcers, including, in this case, the police, to prevent and take action against this online gambling crime, either block sites that are gambling arenas or improve the national security system to stop these gambling sites. This research aims to look at law enforcement against online gambling crimes in Bandar Lampung City and determine the factors that became an obstacle in law enforcement of online gambling crimes at Lampung Regional Police. This research method uses a normative juridical approach. Based on the discussion and research results, law enforcement against online gambling crimes in Bandar Lampung City is carried out by applying the instrument of Article 303 of the Criminal Code rather than Article 27 Paragraph (2) Jo. Article 45 of the ITE Law. The research also shows the factors that became an obstacle in law enforcement of online gambling crimes at Lampung Regional Police are: (1) Longer Detention Period for Online Gambling Crimes in the Criminal Code Instruments than the Gambling Control Act, (2) Lack of Investigators' Awareness in Information Technology, (3) Use of Electronic Evidence Requires Expert Information is inhibiting law enforcement against online gambling crimes in Bandar Lampung. Suggestions from the research are to conduct information technology guidance training to the Bandar Lampung Police Investigation and Criminal Unit.

Harmonization of Rehabilitation Service Standards for Drug Abuse’s Addicts and Victims according to the Regulations

Narcotics addicts and victims of narcotics abuse must undergo medical and social rehabilitation, according to Article 54 of Indonesia's Narcotics Law. The government then issued a rehabilitation policy for them under the authority of three state institutions, namely the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Social Affairs, and the National Narcotics Agency. This causes overlapping and tug-of-war among stakeholders when it comes to developing policies and implementing rehabilitation services for addicts and victims of narcotics abuse, resulting in no method that becomes a guideline for rehabilitation implementation, on the report of an Ombudsman study. The aim here is to investigate how the laws of Rehabilitation Service Standards for Addicts and Victims of Drug Abuse are harmonized. The approach used is normative juridical. According to the study's findings, the regulations are hierarchically aligned, but the implementation of each rehabilitation program has a Service Standard. There is a vertical disparity in the definitions of medical and social rehabilitation and service providers and service recipients. Horizontally, there are differences in the determination of the implementing agency, service standards such as service programs, human resources, infrastructure, and activity funding sources. As a result, medical and social rehabilitation implementation is separated, resulting in a lack of comprehensive services for service recipients.

Implementation of Compensation Claim's Mechanism through Pretrial for Error in Persona in the Criminal Justice System

An error in persona in the implementation of the criminal justice system is a type of destructive action by law enforcement officers that can cause harm to someone. The use of authority by investigators to arrest and detain and detention and prosecution by public prosecutors is a concrete form of persona error. This study focused on the mechanism of a compensation claim through pre-trial due to a persona error in implementing the criminal justice system and an impediment to the implementation of the pre-trial judge's decision on the granting of the compensation claim. The method used is normative and empirical juridical research. The results showed that the mechanism of a claim for compensation through pre-trial due to an error in person in implementing the criminal justice system was carried out fundamentally at the formulation stage. These formulations outlined in the Code Of Criminal Procedure (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana/ KUHAP) and Government Regulation Concerning Implementation of The Book of Criminal Procedure Law as a basis for the implementation of pre-trial and the application stage. The statutory factors of Decree of the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 983 / KMK.01 / 1983 (Keputusan Menteri Keuangan RI Nomor 983/KMK.01/1983) are an impediment in implementing the pre-trial judge's determination of the compensation claim because the regulation governs administrative procedures that are lengthy and involve government agencies.

The Legal Position Of Electronic Medical Recording As An Evidence At The Court

This research aimed to analyze the position of electronic medical records and as evidence in court. The research method uses a normative juridical approach. To obtain an overview of electronic medical records as evidence in court, the legal materials collected are qualitative data. Any electronic evidence can be used as evidence if it meets formal and material requirements, as regulated in Article 5 paragraph (4) of Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law). Electronic medical records have an essential role in health services and law enforcement efforts as evidence. Based on this, the main problem is the position of electronic medical records as valid evidence in court. The results show that the position of electronic medical records as evidence in court can be valid evidence following Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), The Ministry of Health Regulation 269/2008 Articles 5 and 1, Article 51 of Government Regulation No. 71 Years. As evidence, electronic medical records do not have binding evidentiary power but rather have independent evidentiary value, namely, proof determined by the judge's conviction without being limited by law.

Implementation of Double Track System in Conviction Towards Special Expertise Crime

Sentencing must be guided by the principle of quae sunt minoris culpae sunt majoris infamiae (cruel crimes will be punished with cruel punishment). However, there must be a limit to the punishment (poenae sunt restringenade). In its implementation, the imposition of crimes against convicted people often creates ongoing problems in people's lives. Instead of aiming to popularize the convicts, in fact the imposition of crimes often causes suffering to the perpetrator and even his family. This study aims to determine the basis for justifying the imposition of sanctions in the punishment of criminals with special skills and to formulate the ideal concept of punishment for convicts with special skills in the future. This research is a normative legal research; the data source in this study uses secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The approach in this research uses a statutory approach, a comparative approach and a conceptual approach. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the basis for justifying the imposition of sanctions for criminal acts with special expertise is the Mark system of penalties. The use of the Double Track System in the punishment of convicts who have special expertise in the field of science so that it is in line with the criminal purpose of providing education, in addition to being convicted with the main crime, the convict is also subject to acts in the form of social work by teaching/transforming the knowledge/expertise possessed to people, many through certain educational/research institution/institutions online (on line).

Implementation Of Criminal Actions Against Malpractice By Medical Personnel

Providing health services to the community is very important, where every community must get proper health services and according to permission from the government. However, in terms of providing services to the community, things that are not supposed to be done by medical personnel are not uncommon, such as malpractice. Malpractice in the provision of health services by medical personnel is a legal problem that must be addressed immediately. One way is through criminal threats for the perpetrators. In Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health, there have been many provisions regarding criminal sanctions for medical personnel who make mistakes in carrying out their health practices. This action must be assessed in terms of criminal law to impose sanctions on perpetrators who have committed malpractice. The research method used in this study uses a normative approach method. Normative research is legal research, carried out by examining library materials or secondary data as the necessary material to be studied by searching for the regulations and literature related to the problem under study. The approach to the problem used is the statutory approach. The results of this study answer that the types of malpractice committed by medical personnel are when in malpractice, in addition to actions that are considered negligence, some actions are included in the category of deliberate action and violating the law, the existence of an act, due to serious injury, the causal relationship between severe injuries and forms of action, the existence of forms of actions and the existence of consequences: wounds that cause disease; and injuries which prevent him from carrying out occupational work, or searching for a specified time. Malpractice that is done intentionally is a form of pure malpractice, including in criminal malpractice. Furthermore, the legal consequence of malpractice committed by medical personnel is the emergence of criminal liability for medical personnel as legal subjects which are closely related to proving someone's actions (medical personnel) to be included in the criminal malpractice category if the act fulfills the formulation of criminal offenses. Therefore, the imposition of criminal sanctions against medical personnel who commit malpractice can be punished. This research suggests that law enforcement officials should take an active role in handling malpractice cases in health services

Criminal Law Enforement Towards Journalists That Spread False News

The press in performing its functions can not be separated from all acts of fraud and irregularities committed by the subjects of the press both the public, the press (journalists, media, press council, etc.), even the government. Criminal law has two main elements namely, the first is the existence of a norm, which is a prohibition or order (rule). Second, the existence of sanctions for violations of the norm in the form of threats with criminal law. This research aims: 1) to analyze criminal law enforcement against journalists who make the wrong coverage. 2) To analyze the legal liability system for journalists who make the wrong coverage. 3) To analyze the efforts that can be taken due to wrong press reporting. the research method used is qualitative analysis, data sources obtained through interviews, observations, documentation and literature relating to the title of the study. If the elements of crime committed by journalists are fulfilled egal liability mechanism for journalists who make the wrong reporting, then the legal liability is resolved through the mechanism of the Press Law by referring to the Press Council as the party authorized by law. Enforcement of criminal law against journalists who make scientific publications are based on journalists that have violated provisions which are guidelines for writing news an caused impact on parties who are disadvantaged by the publication. Efforts that can be taken as a result of wrong press reporting can be done by making complaints at the Press Council which will resolve public complaints on cases related to press reporting to immediately revoke, rectify, and correct false and inaccurate news accompanied by an apology to the reader, listener, and or viewer.There is an urgency for control by the Head of Newspapers in applying the journalistic code of ethics to journalists is carried out continuously. Moreover, the journalistic code of ethics needs to be a guideline for conducting news breeding. To the public, they should not hesitate to report to the Press Council if there is false publication of the news.