The Quality Management of the Products Produced by the Enterprises for the Production of Metal Structures

Currently, it is necessary to build a product quality management system that ensures the smooth operation of the organization, the competitiveness of products, the development and maintenance of the organization's quality goals. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of quality management of manufactured products at the enterprise. The necessity of quality management of the enterprise's products as the basis of the competitiveness of the enterprise is substantiated. The concept of quality management is considered. The stages of development of the quality management system are given. The threats of defective goods and their impact on the economic condition of the enterprise are considered. At the research stage, the Ishikawa causal diagram was used, developed using the 6M mnemonic technique. The quality control system of metal structures is analyzed. Losses from defects in the manufacture of metal structures were revealed. A Pareto diagram of the defected goods distribution is constructed, the data of which indicate that more than 55 % of the defects is caused by locksmiths, 17 % — undercuts, 13 % — displacement of holes and other reasons. The main reason was the insufficient level of qualification of locksmiths. In order to improve the quality of products, measures have been proposed concerning the retraining of workers, updating equipment. It is recommended at operational meetings to develop preventive and corrective measures to reduce defects, reduce the workload of engineers of the technical control department. The suggested measures will reduce the number of defective products, increase the competitiveness of the company's products.

Comparison of Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations in Ambient Air among Different Source Areas around Khon Kaen, Thailand

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a complex group of chemicals that pose a direct risk to human health. They also lead to the formation of other air pollution constituents, including fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ground level ozone (O₃). The ambient air concentrations of 19 VOCs were measured using multi-day 24 h sampling at two urban sites and two rural sites in the area of Khon Kaen, Thailand. Results showed that most VOCs were at concentrations considered acceptable according to the 24 h average standards established by the Thai Pollution Control Department. The VOC acrolein, however, was detected at concentrations (0.69–1.15 μg/m3) in excess of the 24 h average standard (0.55 μg/m3). Two other VOCs, benzene and 1,3-butadiene, were also detected at elevated levels (1.73–2.75 and 0.18–0.40 μg/m3, respectively) that indicated the potential to exceed the 1-year average standard. VOC concentrations were highest in the urban market monitoring site, suggesting that vehicle exhaust and food preparation using cooking oil at high temperatures may have been potential sources of the elevated VOCs.

749. A Nurse-Driven Protocol for Early Detection of Clostridiodes difficile Infections

Background Clostridiodes difficile infections (CDI) are a significant cause of hospital acquired infections, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Early detection of CDI has been shown to reduce the spread of CDI within the hospital. As nurses are frequently at the patient’s bedside, we proposed to empower the nursing staff to assess, collect stool samples, and order C. difficile testing. Methods Rates of CDI were measured by our Infection Control Department. Hospital-onset CDI (HO-CDI) was defined as a positive C. difficile PCR assay after 3 days of admission, defined as a stay of at least 3 midnights. Community-onset CDI (CO-CDI) was defined as any case that was diagnosed in the Emergency Department or inpatient ward < 3 days of hospitalization based on stool testing as above. Nursing was instructed and empowered to assess, collect stool specimens, and place an order for C. difficile testing, based on the criteria of ≥3 loose or watery stools over 24 hours. Nursing was also educated to not order a test if patients had received stool softeners, enemas, or laxatives within 24 hours. The protocol was initiated in February 2019. Results Rates of HO-CDI increased during the intervention period, rising from 2.6 cases/10000 patient days and peaking at 17.7 cases/10000 patient days (average 6.7 vs. 12.1 monthly cases per 10,000 patient days. Rates of CO-CDI did not significantly change (12.4 vs. 11.5 monthly cases per 10000 patient days). Due to concerns of inappropriate testing, which included testing after laxatives, enemas, or sending specimens despite < 3 stools over 24 hours, the protocol was discontinued in June 2019. Although the HO-CDI rate remained elevated over the next month, the rate subsequently decreased over the next several months (12.1 vs. 8.0 cases per 10000 patient days). Overall testing also increased over the study period (148.3 vs. 169.9 cases/per 10000 patient days).Figure 1 - Clostridiodes difficile rates Figure 2 - CDI testing rates Conclusion A nursing driven protocol resulted in increased HO-CDI and overall CDI rates suggesting that the intervention may have been a factor in increasing the frequency of HO-CDI diagnoses, although the possibility of misdiagnosis of colonization for true CDI cannot be excluded. Further education of nursing staff may be a potential intervention in improving appropriate CDI testing. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Seasonal Patterns and Trends of Air Pollution in The Upper Northern Thailand from 2004 to 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate the seasonal patterns and trends of air pollutants in upper northern Thailand (UNT) from 2004 to 2018. The hourly air pollutant concentration data recorded from 6 monitoring stations in the UNT were obtained from the Pollution Control Department, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Thailand. Cubic splines were used to assess seasonal patterns and trends of air pollutants. Linear regression was used to estimate the average increase in concentrations of air pollutants at each monitoring station. The results exhibited seasonal patterns for CO, NOX, NO2, O3, and PM10, in all stations while SO2 only in one station in Lampang and all stations in Chiangmai. The concentrations of these pollutants rose during August and September and reached peak levels between March and April. In the past 15 years, the levels of overall CO, O3, and SO2 in the UNT had significantly increased, on average of 0.032 ppm, 0.012 ppb, and 0.017 ppb, respectively. In contrast, NO2, NOX, and PM10 had significantly decreased on average of 0.012 ppb, 0.011 ppb, and 0.016 mg/m3, respectively. In conclusion, it should be of concern for such activities that related to air pollutants variation accordingly.

PERBAIKAN SISTEM KERJA BERDASARKAN ASPEK BIOMEKANIKA DI PT. CRESCO INDONESIA

PT. Cresco Indonesia is one of the companies that concerned in the Japanese slipper sandals industry in West Java, which was established in 1989. In order to responses to demanding costumer, PT. Cresco Indonesia applies ‘make to order’ strategy, so the production process will be carried out if there are any orders from consumers. The company has 13 departments. Based on observations has known that there are 4 departments that have a potential to cause an accidents work, they are the happo department, the shiage department, the quality control department and the packing department. The beginning measurements of RULA and REBA out of four departments show the results of high risk action levels. To improve the situation, work system improvements must be made. This study intends to improve the body's posture and work system currently, so that the design of tools for the movement of baskets in the shiage and quality control departments, grouping and labeling in baskets in the happo department as well as improve the order of the process of lifting goods in the packing department. Work system improvement is carried out using biomechanics theory. The final result of the design shows the value of RULA and REBA of operators is low risk, minimizes the value of defects in the happo department, reduces the activities of finding baskets in the happo department, minimizes the time of movement from the shiage department to the quality control department, improves the way of lifting goods in the packing department and fix up the posture of the operators

Probabilistic Prediction of Unsafe Event in Air Traffic Control Department Based on the Improved Backpropagation Neural Network

Air traffic control is an important tool to ensure the safety of civil aviation. For the departments that do the work of air traffic control, reducing the percentage of unsafe event is the core task of safety management. If the relationship between the percentage of unsafe event and their influencing factors can be effectively clarified, then the probability of unsafe event in some control department can be predicted. So, it is of great importance to improve the level of safety management. To quantitatively estimate the probability of unsafe event, a three-layer BP neural network model is introduced in this paper. First, a probabilistic representation of unsafe event related to air traffic control department is made, and then, the probability of different classes of unsafe events and safe events is taken as the outputs of the BP neural network, the factors influencing occurrence of unsafe event connected with air traffic control is taken as inputs, and the sigmoid function is chosen as activation function for the hidden layer. Based on the error function of neural network, it is proved that the general BP neural network has two drawbacks when used for the training of small probability events, which are as follows: the pattern does not ensure that the sum of probability of all events is equal to one and the relative error between the actual outputs and desired outputs is very large after the training of neural network. The reason proved in this paper is that the occurrence rate of the unsafe event is much smaller than that of the safe event, resulting in each weight in the hide layer being subjected to the desired outputs of the safe event when using the gradient descent method for network training. To address this issue, a new mapping method is put forward to reduce the large difference of the desired outputs between the safe event and unsafe event. It is theoretically proved that the mapping method proposed in this paper can not only improve the training accuracy but also ensure that the sum of probability is equal to one. Finally, a numeric example is given to demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper is effective and feasible.

Working Time Management as a Way to Increase Labor Productivity

The study is devoted to the study of the rational use of working time in the context of the implementation of the main functions of management: planning, organization, motivation, control, coordination. The goal is a methodology for assessing the optimal use of the organization's working time based on the criteria for analyzing the effectiveness of the implementation of the main functions of management. Research methods: semantic analysis of the conceptual apparatus, methods of mathematical modeling to describe various factors that characterize the main functions of management in the context of working time management. Experimental methods: the method of expert assessments, questionnaires, photography of the working day. Domestic and foreign approaches to the concept of working time management are considered, the author's approach is given. Based on the process-functional approach, a methodology and algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of the working time management process. This model has been tested on the example of a self-regulatory organization operating in construction. A task was set, which was implemented within the framework of the project to optimize the use of working time of employees of the inspection and control department. Were analyzed the regulations of various levels of decision-making governing the work of employees. A questionnaire survey of opportunities and middle managers was instructed to form a number of criteria necessary for the application of the developed methodology. The results of the study allowed us to conclude about the average efficiency of the working time management process. Based on the results of the implementation of the recommendations, in particular, the application of lean manufacturing methods and the adjustment of local regulatory documents, it was possible to increase the effectiveness of managing the working time of the organization's employees.

ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACHES TO OPERATIONAL CONTROL AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Modern operating conditions of the vast majority of industrial enterprises require an operational control system. This will not only make it possible to timely respond to the negative impacts of the external and internal environment, but will also provide opportunity to make informed management decisions, providing competitive advantages. A well-functioning operational control system will not only identify defects in a timely manner, but also promptly eliminate them and prevent their future manifestations. The approaches of scientists to various aspects of the organization of internal, in particular, operational control at enterprises are considered. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the operational control organization. It is proved that the organizational structure of an industrial enterprise should have an internal control department, which is directly subordinate to the head of the enterprise and is interconnected with all its structural divisions. The composition of the internal control department is presented, which includes the head of the department and internal controllers (an internal controller and an operational controller). Their functional responsibilities are determined. It is noted that the operational controller should carry out operational control of possible deviations, taking into account their further influence on the results of activities, analyze control results, provide the head with information on the identified shortcomings in the work of structural units, as well as proposals for their elimination. A sequence of actions for the control process is proposed to be carried out using the following main stages: preparatory, verification, comparative, diagnostic, informational, managerial and final. Each of them is performed by a certain group of subjects of operational control, which take various control measures. The implementation of operational control at industrial enterprises in accordance with the proposed stages will contribute to the division of duties between employees directly involved in control, the prompt transfer of information to the appropriate decision-making centers and the rational organization of operational control at industrial enterprises. Keywords: internal control, operational control, industrial enterprise, control organization, internal control department, operational controller, stages of operational control. JEL Classification M40, М42 Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 20.

Perancangan SOP dan Tata Letak Lantai Produksi Pada LCC Respira V.01 PAPR (Powered Air Purifying Respirator)

<p><strong>The production process of a tool is very important in a manufacturing company, especially in producing medical equipment. The use of medical masks by health workers in handling COVID-19 patients for hours will make medical personnel uncomfortable when wearing them, one of which is congestion. Therefore, the LCC RESPIRA V.01 PAPR (Powered Air Purifying Respirator) was produced, designed by Mr. Ahmad Juang Pratama, who is a lecturer at Al Azhar University Indonesia. In the production of LCC RESPIRA V.01, a standardization of the production process is needed, so that the reliability of the product can be guaranteed. For this reason, the design of the SOP (Standard Operational Procedure) and the layout of the production floor are carried out in the production process of the LCC RESPIRA V.01 tool. The results of this study include the design of a production SOP in which several departments take part in it, namely team leader, head of the production, production operator, research and development department, head of the warehouse, and quality control department. Besides, a production floor layout design is obtained, where the total production floor area is 8.2 x 6.0 m2 with manual and trolley material handling types.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> – <em>C</em><em>ovid-19, </em><em>L</em><em>ayout production floor, </em><em>M</em><em>edical equipment, </em><em>S</em><em>tandard operational procedure</em></p>

Unconstitutionality of articles 366-1, 368-2 of the criminal code of Ukraine: irony of fate or defects of the legislative process

The fight against corruption in Ukraine is giving rise to new ways of combating this phenomenon, new anti-corruption legislation is often being adopted and improved. Thus, among other things, in 2011 the Ukrainian parliament introduced criminal liability for illegal enrichment, and in 2014 – for declaring questionable information, supplementing the Criminal Code in accordance with Art. 368-2 and Art.366-1. However, despite their long-term duration in the structure of the criminal law mechanism for combating corruption, they have not become effective tools of anti-corruption struggle. Problems of application of Articles 366-1, 368-2 have been admitted from the very moment of their introduction in action as some serious defects in the construction of these norms were placed in the course of legislative process. In the end, based on the decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, these articles expired. Given that the purpose of the article is to investigate the process of legislation and to establish the reasons for the adoption of deliberately ineffective rules on the declaration of inaccurate information and illicit enrichment. The scientific novelty is that the study indicates the inability of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, which includes the Institute of legislation, scientific and expert management, legal management, the department of relations with the judiciary, the control department and other units, to ensure quality at the appropriate level of results of legislative work. These "precautionary institutions" were unable to prevent the development, adoption of imperfect and knowingly unconstitutional laws, as evidenced by examples of the introduction of liability under Articles 366-1, 368-2 of the Criminal Code and the introduction of repeated manipulative changes, after the entry into force.