Impact of the Sanitation Regime on Production Safety of Paff Pastry in the Food Processing Plant

Food is essential for a person's life, it is a source of energy and substances that enable the activity of all his organs. However, food is also a biological substance, which itself is subject to certain changes, sometimes targeted in their production or cooking, sometimes undesirable changes due to the activity of certain food components or the action of microorganisms.The primary role of each food processing plant should be to ensure daily proper cleaning and sanitation, thus ensuring perfect hygiene of the premises in operation due to the prevention of foodborne diseases. Based on the results obtained in our study, we can concluce that the sanitation regime in the evaluated premises of paff pastry production is at a good level and the disinfection in the production of puff pastry is effective. Aspiral Persteril 15 disinfectant at 0.4 % concentration and time exposure of 30 minutes was effective on all evaluated surfaces in individual monitored parts of production with the exception of puff pastry production part, where we recorded on technology, specifically on slicing knife 35 CFU (colony forming units) of total count of bacteria and 3 CFU of coliform bacteria after disinfection. The situation did not improve even until the begining of production, the total count of bacteria increase to 45 CFU and coliform bacteria to 4 CFU.

Effects of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate Supplementation on Elderly Body Composition and Muscle Strength: A Review of Clinical Trials

Background: The aging process has great impact on body composition, such as the increase of adipose tissue in abdominal region, and the decrease of lean body mass, due to skeletal muscle loss. A reduction in muscle mass is associated to high risk of fractures and falls, loss of mobility, and increased number of hospitalizations. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a biological substance derived from leucine metabolism, with anabolic and anticatabolic properties. Some HMB effects are tissue repair stimulation and protein anabolism. Aims: We aimed to evaluate the effects of HMB supplementation on body composition and muscle strength in elderly, as well as to identify the efficient dosages to reach these effects. Methods: This review included studies that evaluated muscle mass and muscle strength, associated or not with physical exercise and diet in elderly people. Only studies published from 2008 to 2019 were selected for analysis. Results: Six articles were included in the review. The used doses varied from 1.5 to 3 g. In 5 studies, HMB supplementation was associated with calcium; only 1 study did not use the oral administration route. Two studies used 4 g of maltodextrin as a vehicle; 1 used HMB with a hypercaloric and hyperproteic supplement; 1 associated HMB with lysine and arginine; and 1 with arginine and glutamine. Supplementation of 3 g of HMB has shown to be most beneficial in improving strength and body composition in people over 65 years, especially in bed rest and untrained conditions. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that HMB has a positive effect on body composition and strength, especially in bedridden or sedentary elderly, due to its anticatabolic properties.

Sericin, a Versatile Protein from Silkworm - Biomedical Applications

The silkworm, Bombyx mori, which feeds solely on the leaves of the mulberry plant, produces mulberry silk. The components of Bombyx mori silk are 60-80 percent fibroin, 15-35 percent sericin and 1-5 percent non-sericin, including wax, pigments, sugars and other impurities. Silk sericin is a natural polymer that encloses and holds together two filaments of fibroin in the silk thread used in the cocoon. In the research and production of medical biomaterials and biomedicines, protein-based silk fibroin has been widely used for two decades. Sericin is often neglected and abandoned in the manufacturing of traditional silk fabrics, silk floss or synthetic silk biomaterials as a by-product or waste. However, sericin is not only a highly useful biological substance, but also has a great deal of biological activity, similar to fibroin. General characteristics of both silk proteins, fibroin and sericin, extracted from Bombyx mori silkworm, and the biological activity and possible use of sericin were addressed in this review. Due to its amino acid make-up and antioxidant properties, sericin has been used in the food and cosmetic industry. The moisturizing power provides guidance for wound healing as a therapeutic agent, protection against ultraviolet radiation, and formulation of creams and shampoos. Antioxidant activity associated with low sericin digestibility, which increases application in the medical field, such as antitumor, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent, anticoagulant, works in the health of the colon, enhances constipation and, by improving plasma lipid profile, protects the body from obesity. In addition, the properties of sericin allow its application in tissue engineering and drug delivery as a culture medium and cryopreservation, demonstrating its efficient use as an essential biomaterial.

“To Maintain the Biological Substance of the Polish Nation” : Reproductive Rights as an Area of Conflict in Poland

On October 22, 2020, the long-term dispute about reproductive rights in Polish society had a comeback. The Constitutional Tribunal declared the embryo-pathological indication of abortions guaranteed by the law of 1993 to be unconstitutional. The tribunal’s ruling was met with widespread protests, as it effectively forbade almost all reasons for terminations of pregnancies. While members of the Church’s hierarchy and pro-life activists celebrated, politicians began once again to discuss the law, and different suggestions were made (including a draft law similar to laws in effect in other European countries like Germany, and a law which would allow the termination of a pregnancy if the fetus were likely to die, or a law forbidding them in the case that the fetus had been diagnosed as having down’s syndrome). The debates are hardly new to Polish society and history. On the contrary, they date back to the recreation of the Polish state after World War I. This article concentrates on the developments in the Communist People’s Republic that led to the legislation of 1993, which is commonly referred to as a “compromise.” It focuses on the main actors in this dispute and the policymakers and their arguments. It also contextualizes these discursive strategies in a long-term perspective and highlights continuities and ruptures.

Autologous adipose tissue (lipofilling) in treatment of linear scleroderma (literature review)

Autologous fat is a biological substance that attracting increased scientific interest. Autologous fat considered as ideal filler due to its biocompatibility without risk of an allergic reaction or rejection. Likewise, this substance could be obtained easily, and costs are relatively low. Therapeutic indications for use fat grafting appear day by day, as it is recognized as an effective, reliable methodology and enhancing of areas and pathologies of application in medical specialties. The analysis results show that autologous fat transplantation gives a possibility to compensate for aesthetic and functional signs caused by facial scleroderma.

Tracing pathways of relatedness: how identity-release gamete donors negotiate biological (non-)parenthood

This article draws on an interview study with UK ‘identity-release’ sperm and egg donors, exploring how, in the context of a new ethic of openness around donor conception, they articulate their role in relation to offspring. I show that participants neither dismissed, nor straightforwardly activated, the relational significance of the ‘biological’ substance they donated. Instead, they renegotiated its meaning in ways which do not map straightforwardly on to established kinship roles. Building on a conception of personal lives and selves as fundamentally relational (Mason, 2004; Smart, 2007; May, 2013), I show how donors managed the conflicting demands of identity-release donation by tracing their relatedness to offspring along particular pathways (while diminishing others); the inherent connectedness of their own lives and selves enabled them to construct indirect non-parental connections with offspring as the siblings of their own children or the children of their friends or sisters.

Monitor Kualitas Udara Berbasis Web Menggunakan Raspberry Pi dan Modul Wemos D1

Air pollutant is a physical, chemical, and biological substance that can endanger the health and can cause disease in living beings. Therefore, knowledge about air quality is very important. This research aims to implement a wireless sensor network for monitoring air quality, from three different location points which are presented in the form of a website. The communication used between the client and server is the Webscoket.io communication protocol, to reduce network latency. In addition, the communication protocol works in real-time because not only the client can send a request to the server, but also can receive a response without having to send a request first. The research method used is the experimental method, which is divided into two stages namely hardware design stage and server software, microcontroller and user client design stage. The results obtained are prototyping tools used to implement wireless sensor networks for monitoring air quality using Raspberry Pi as a server and Arduino ESP-8266 as a microcontroller module. The tools have performed well as intended. In the trial, a reading of gas (CO2 and CO) sensors, temperature and humidity at the location being tested were successfully displayed on the website.

Identification, expression analysis, and potential roles of microRNAs in the regulation of polysaccharide biosynthesis in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous small non-coding RNAs with important roles in plant growth, development, and metabolic processes. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (P. cyrtonema) is an important Chinese traditional medicinal herb with broad pharmacological functions, and polysaccharides are the main biological substance accumulated in the P. cyrtonema rhizome. However, regulation of the process of polysaccharide biosynthesis in P. cyrtonema remains largely unknown. Results: To elucidate the miRNAs and their targets involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis in P. cyrtonema, four small RNA libraries were constructed from flower, leaf, rhizome, and root tissues and sequenced. A total of 69 conserved and 5 novel miRNAs were identified, of which 6 miRNAs (miR156a-5p, miR156f-5p, miR395a_5, miR396a-3p, miR396g-3p, and miR397-5p_1) were down-regulated and 7 miRNAs (miR160, miR160h_1, miR160e-5p, miR319b_1, miR319_1, miR319c-5p_3, and miR319c_1) were up-regulated in rhizomes compared with flower, leaf, and root tissues. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the predicted targets of these miRNAs were mostly transcription factors and functional genes enriched in metabolic and secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways, and 7 genes and their paired miRNAs were identified in carbohydrate metabolism. qRT-PCR expression analysis demonstrated that 6 miRNAs and their targets involved in carbohydrate metabolism were existed a negative correlation in. P. cyrtonema tissues. MiR396a-3p and one of its target genes, abfA, were possibly involed in polysaccharide biosynthesis pathway. Conclusions: This is the first report on the identification of conserved and novel miRNAs and their potential targets in P. cyrtonema, thus providing molecular evidence for the role of miRNAs in the regulation of polysaccharide biosynthesis in P. cyrtonema.

A Review on the role of BCG Vaccine in type-1diabetes

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is outlined by mistreatment of continual hyperglycemia and proteins, weakened sugars, and lipids digestion as a result of overall or incomplete inadequacy of hypoglycemic agent discharge or doubtlessly hypoglycemic agent hobby. Two types of Diabetes mellitus less common "INSULIN DEPENDENT" and most common "NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT". Vaccines constitute a useful contribution to the branch of biotechnology as they supply protection in opposition to numerous sicknesses. All organisms are liable to one or greater styles of infectious and noninfectious sicknesses throughout their lifestyles. To save you those infection researchers discovered plant-primarily based vaccine which is an immune-biological substance, used for particular protection in opposition to each infectious and noninfectious illnesses. Use of vaccines for the diabetic patient will reduce the inflectional disease caused by diabetes, but it not prevents diabetes. Because the polygenic disease is of unconventional immune mechanisms, and vaccines act with the help of making a defence to numerous pathogens and some vaccines (in specific BCG) had been studied to seem if they supply safety in opposing to polygenic disease. In animal experiments, BCG will appear to be protecting con to polygenic disorder, but researchers have not been able to translate this profit to humans. The establishment of an Institution was initiated by the Australian Government Department of the diabetes institution.