Evoke

This article provides an introduction to the web application Evoke. This application offers functionality to navigate, view, extend, and analyse thesaurus content. The thesauri that can be navigated in Evoke are expressed in Linguistic Linked Data, an interoperable data form that enables the extension of thesaurus content with custom labels and allows for the linking of thesaurus content to other digital resources. As such, Evoke is a powerful research tool that facilitates its users to perform novel cultural linguistic analyses over multiple sources. This article further demonstrates the potential of Evoke by discussing how A Thesaurus of Old English was made available in the application and how this has already been adopted in the field of Old English studies. Lastly, the author situates Evoke within a number of recent developments in the field of Digital Humanities and its applications for onomasiological research.

Patient-derived endometrial organoids from MRKH patients: Insight in disease causing pathways

The uterus is responsible for the nourishment and mechanical protection of the developing embryo and fetus and is an essential part in mammalian reproduction. The Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuester-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by agenesis of the uterus and upper part of the vagina in females with normal ovarian function. Although heavily studied, the cause of the disease is still enigmatic. Current research in the field of MRKH mainly focusses on DNA-sequencing efforts and, so far, failed to decipher the nature and heterogeneity of the disease, thereby holding back scientific and clinical progress. Here, we developed long-term expandable organoid cultures from endometrium found in uterine rudiment horns of MRKH patients. Phenotypically, they share great similarity with healthy control organoids and are surprisingly fully hormone responsive. Transcriptome analyses, however, identified an array of dysregulated genes that point at potentially disease-causing pathways altered during the development of the female reproductive tract. We consider the endometrial organoid cultures to be a powerful research tool that promise to enable an array of studies into the pathogenic origins of MRKH syndrome and possible treatment opportunities to improve patient quality of life.

Development of the Japanese Version of the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count Dictionary 2015 (J-LIWC2015)

The Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count Dictionary 2015 (LIWC2015) is a standard text analysis dictionary that quantifies linguistic/psychometric properties of English words. The development of a Japanese version of the LIWC2015 dictionary (J-LIWC2015) has been expected in the fields of natural language processing and cross-cultural research. This study aims to create J-LIWC2015 through systematic investigations of the original dictionary and Japanese corpora. All words in the LIWC2015 dictionary were initially subjected to human and machine translation into Japanese. After verifying the frequency of use of the words in large corpora, frequent words and phrases that are unique to Japanese were added to the dictionary, followed by re-category assignments by psychologists. The updated dictionary indicated good internal consistency, semantic equivalence with the original LIWC2015 dictionary, and good construct validity in each category. The evidence suggests that the J-LIWC2015 dictionary is a powerful research tool in computational social science to scrutinize psychological processes behind Japanese texts and to promote standardized cross-cultural investigations in combination with the LIWC dictionaries in different languages.

Analysis of the Thermal Decomposition Products of Pathological and Healthy Tissues in Paranasal Sinuses: A High-Resolution Terahertz Gas Spectroscopy Study

We present the novel results of studying tissue metabolites of the ear-nose-throat organs (pathological and relatively healthy mucosal tissues) during heating and thermal exposure using gas spectrometers of the terahertz (THz) frequency range based on non-stationary effects. Tissue metabolites of the ear-nose-throat organs obtained during surgery according to strict medical indications have been studied for the first time in the world. All the tissues used in the samples were histological verified for confirming the morphological diagnosis. For obtaining a unified picture, chemical compounds appearing during thermal decomposition of pathological and relatively healthy tissues were identified using the spectroscopic approach, with mandatory histological verification of the samples. The obtained results demonstrate that a powerful research tool has been proposed for evaluation of metabolites in otorhinolaryngology with detection of diseases markers.

TODO VALLE-INCLÁN EN RED: EL ARCHIVO DIGITAL DEL GIVIUS

Resumen: Este trabajo presenta el sitio web del Archivo Digital Valle-Inclán/ 1888-1936 (www.archivodigitalvalleinclan.es). Esto es, el resultado final de un proyecto, inscrito en el panorama de los proyectos digitales de la literatura española de la Edad de Plata, que ofrece un modelo de archivo de autor, concebido no solo como biblioteca digital sino como un potente recurso de investigación. En estas páginas se exponen las características definitorias, acceso, diseño gráfico y estructura de la interfaz web de esta innovadora plataforma digital, así como casos prácticos de consulta e investigación. Este espacio cibernético, consagrado a la obra y figura de Ramón del Valle-Inclán, ofrece en acceso abierto y gratuito el fondo bibliográfico, documental, gráfico e iconográfico del escritor (4.500 documentos / 80.000 imágenes), aportado por el GIVIUS. Su recepción ha sido excelente a tenor de las 50.000 visitas registradas en seis meses. Premio HDH2018 a la mejor herramienta digital.Abstract: This paper presents the website of Archivo Digital Valle-Inclán/ 1888-1936 (www.archivodigitalvalleinclan.es). This is the final result of a project, within the framework of digital projects on The Silver Age of Spanish literature, which offers an author archive model, conceived not only as a digital library, but also as a powerful research tool. Main features, access, graphic design and web interface of this innovative digital platform are presented on these pages, as well as some case studies of hypothetical query and research. This website is devoted to the life and work of Ramón del Valle-Inclán, and it offers an open and free access to bibliographical, documentary, graphical and iconographic files, provided by the GIVIUS (4.500 documents / 80.000 images). Its reception has been excellent according to the 50.000 visits recorded in six months. HDH Best Digital Tool Award 2018.

Relationship between the Metaphor Perception and School Climate on the Profession of Nursing Students

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the school climate on nursing seniorstudents on the perception of metaphor for nursing. Method: Sample of the study was formedwith volunteer students (n = 130) to participate in the study on the date of the data collection.In the evaluation of quantitative data, frequency, percentage, mean, independent sample t-test,and in the evaluation of qualitative data content analysis methods were used. The categories inwhich including the positive and negative metaphors in the study are constructed in five differentways (vital, object, struggle, abstraction, productivity). The primary metaphors are being beenthe mother, the angel, the medicine and the robot.When the metaphors were examined, a vitalexpression of vast majority has been seen as the nursing perception. Result: When the students’metaphor perceptions were compared with school climate scores, it was found that there was asignificant relationship between them (t=2.259, p=.026). Metaphors have provided an indicationof the produced individual perception on the nursing profession. Conclusion:Metaphors can beused as a powerful research tool to reveal to what extent students’ school climate influencesthese metaphors. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.107-114

Improving Deconvolution Methods in Biology through Open Innovation Competitions: An Application to the Connectivity Map

Do machine learning methods improve standard deconvolution techniques for gene expression data? This paper uses a unique new dataset combined with an open innovation competition to evaluate a wide range of gene-expression deconvolution approaches developed by 294 competitors from 20 countries. The objective of the competition was to separate the expression of individual genes from composite measures of gene pairs. Outcomes were evaluated using direct measurements of single genes from the same samples. Results indicate that the winning algorithm based on random forest regression outperformed the other methods in terms of accuracy and reproducibility. More traditional gaussian-mixture methods performed well and tended to be faster. The best deep learning approach yielded outcomes slightly inferior to the above methods. We anticipate researchers in the field will find the dataset and algorithms developed in this study to be a powerful research tool for benchmarking their deconvolution methods and a useful resource for multiple applications.

Modelling Population Dynamics of Social Protests in Time and Space: The Reaction-Diffusion Approach

Understanding of the dynamics of riots, protests, and social unrest more generally is important in order to ensure a stable, sustainable development of various social groups, as well as the society as a whole. Mathematical models of social dynamics have been increasingly recognized as a powerful research tool to facilitate the progress in this field. However, the question as to what should be an adequate mathematical framework to describe the corresponding social processes is largely open. In particular, a great majority of the previous studies dealt with non-spatial or spatially implicit systems, but the literature dealing with spatial systems remains meagre. Meanwhile, in many cases, the dynamics of social protests has a clear spatial aspect. In this paper, we attempt to close this gap partially by considering a spatial extension of a few recently developed models of social protests. We show that even a straightforward spatial extension immediately bring new dynamical behaviours, in particular predicting a new scenario of the protests’ termination.

A biomimetic platform for studying root-environment interaction

Aims Microstructure plays an important role in biological systems. Microstructural features are critical in the interaction between two biological organisms, for example, a microorganism and the surface of a plant. However, isolating the structural effect of the interaction from all other parameters is challenging when working directly with the natural system. Replicating microstructure of leaves was recently shown to be a powerful research tool for studying leaf-environment interaction. However, no such tool exists for roots. Roots present a special challenge because of their delicacy (specifically of root hairs) and their 3D structure. We aim at developing such a tool for roots. Methods Biomimetics use synthetic systems to mimic the structure of biological systems, enabling the isolation of structural function. Here we present a method which adapts tools from leaf microstructure replication to roots. We introduce new polymers for this replication. Results We find that Polyurethane methacrylate (PUMA) with fast UV curing gives a reliable replication of the tomato root surface microstructure. We show that our system is compatible with the pathogenic soilborne bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. Conclusions This newly developed tool may be used to study the effect of microstructure, isolated from all other effects, on the interaction of roots with their environment.