Birth of a Regulatory Long Non-coding RNA/Gene, linc-UR-UB

The origin of genes has been a major topic of research for many years, albeit in some cases, it has been a difficult process to elucidate. Insightful is a recent publication that experimentally shows how one gene, linc-UR-UB was born. This gene is regulated in a complex manner in male germ cells during spermatogenesis and is believed to participate in the regulation of levels of the ubiquitin specific peptidase 18 (USP18) mRNA. The process of formation of linc-UR-UB appears relatively simple. It involves a transcription read through from an upstream gene to a downstream functional element, the USP18 3' UTR sequence. This small element also shares the same sequence as the 3' ends of the lincRNA FAM247 family genes. In addition to linc-UR-UB, it is possible that other genes formed in a similar fashion that involves a genomic sequence read through to a functional element.

15-Minute City: Decomposing the New Urban Planning Eutopia

As cities are struggling to cope with the second wave of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the idea of 15-min cities seem to have sparked planners’ imagination and politicians’ willingness for providing us with a new urban planning eutopia. This paper explores the “15-min city” concept as a structural and functional element for redesigning contemporary cities. Methodologically, a study of three case cities that have adopted this new model of city vision, is carried out. The analysis focus on understanding how the idea of 15-min cities fits the legacies of different cities as described by traditional planning principles in the context of three evaluation pillars: inclusion, safety and health. The paper argues that the 15-min city approach is not a radical new idea since it utilizes long established planning principles. Nevertheless, it uses these principles to achieve the bottom-up promotion of wellbeing while it proposes an alternative way to think about optimal resource allocation in a citywide scale. Hence, application of 15-min city implies a shift in the emphasis of planning from the accessibility of neighborhood to urban functions to the proximity of urban functions within neighborhoods, along with large systemic changes in resource allocation patterns and governance schemes citywide.

Functions of Collective Narratives in a Territorial Conflict. The Israeli-Palestinian Case

ABSTRACT The various narratives of a conflict play a central role in its development. Not only are they a reflection of the collective memory of the various parties in conflict, but also a functional element in its dynamics. In the case of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, data show that each side’s main narratives are fairly stable over time, and they possess significant magnitudes – over two thirds of their publics, in both cases. This article analyses the use of narratives in the dynamics of the conflict, which affects both the cognitive and emotional dimensions of the public’s worldview on both sides. We draw ten main functions of collective narratives in the conflict. We discuss that, although a transformation of narratives in the conflict is required for its resolution, both groups will face resistance associated with the functionality of the narratives during this process.

Managing the International Reserve Assets in the Context of Debt Sustainability

The article is aimed at researching the adequacy of international reserve assets, their management in terms of ensuring debt sustainability, as well as financial-economic assessment of liquidity and solvency of the borrowing State. Based on the carried out study, it is determined that liquidity of the State, as a functional element of solvency of the State, provides for the ability of the State to mobilize the necessary resources, taking into account the transactional mechanism of asset transfer from one unit to another in order to ensure an adequate level of solvency of the debtor State. In addition, within the terms of the carried out analysis of the system infrastructure, it is worth noting that there is a relation between the solvency of the State and its liquidity, since the latter category is part of the first, but these concepts are not identical. The provision of international assets, as the dominant element of debt sustainability, acts through the mechanism of financial and monetary security, thus, an assessment of the adequacy of international assets in the part of sufficiency of their volumes to cover the needs of foreign trade operations, servicing and repayment of the State’s sovereign obligations to creditors must be done. A monitoring of the main indicative values of the assessment of the status and structure of international liquid assets and their relationship with economic indicators is carried out. Ways to improve the system of management of international reserve assets in order to ensure debt sustainability are proposed. Priority directions of future researches are allocated, which should be aimed at substantiate the impact of currency risks on the debt sustainability of the State.

THE INFLUENCE OF FUNCTIONAL ELEMENT «AUTO SERVICE ENTERPRISE» PARAMETERS OF THE AUTO SERVICE SYSTEM ON THE Q

The methodology of determination optimal values of independent parameters for model of car-service system on macrolevels of center that simply answer morphological signs her functional element «Autoservice enterprise» is offered in the article. Methodology is based on the results of analysis statistical and forecast indexes of quality, that it is got after a nonlinear model as Sugeno. Realization of model is carried out with application of the module Fuzzy Logic Toolbox in the package of Matlab. Nonlinear dependences are investigational to the coefficient of quality of technological processes from possible combinations of entry parameters the system for the typical domestic enterprises of car-service center: point of technical service, car repair service workshop, technical service station, authorized technical service station, specialized autoservice enterprise and complex autoservice enterprise. Power of enterprise (amount of posts), level of personnel provision, form of production organization, is taken into account. Level of personnel provision certainly as a complex index, that characterizes the amount of personnel, that is needed for implementation of the pre-arranged technological processes, level of qualification of personnel and level of material well-being technological discipline of personnel. The flow-chart of algorithm sequence of implementation of the stages of methodology is offered is built. An algorithm consists of eight stages and contains a subroutine call of determination optimal form of production. On the basis of computer experiment the maximal values of level quality of technological processes are certain and it is calculated the expected increase at the optimal values of descriptions autoservice enterprise and permanent values of parameters of subsystems «Cars» and «Environment». The offered methodology it is expedient to apply for determination of ways optimization car-service enterprises on micro- and macrolevels. KEYWORDS: AUTOSERVICE ENTERPRISE, PRODUCTION PROCESS, QUALITY.

FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC FIELD OF COMPOUND CONJUNCTIVE CONSTRUCTIONS WITH THE MEANING OF SIMULTANEITY IN THE ASPECT-TEMPORAL COMPLEX OF FIELDS OF THE MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

The article presents the construction of a functional-semantic field of compound conjunctive constructions with the meaning of simultaneous actions. Criteria for determining the central and peripheral components of the field are developed. The understanding of the temporal means of communication of complex constructions as a functional element, which is a causator of temporal relations and a formal indicator of the relationship between predicative units, is proposed. On the basis, the concept of a functive as a functional analog of a conjunction is introduced. Within each component of the constructed field, the means of expressing the total and partial simultaneity of actions are analysed.

Psychological readiness for extreme situations in the system of professional adaptation of police officers

The purpose of this article is to determine the main components of the psychological readiness of law enforcement officer for effective professional actions in extreme situations. The authors proceed from the provision that preparedness for extreme situations is, along with various kinds of general and narrow professional competencies, a functional element of the professional adaptation of employees of internal affairs bodies.

Non-coding loci without epigenomic signals can be essential for maintaining global chromatin organization and cell viability

ABSTRACTThe majority of the non-coding regions in the human genome do not harbor any annotated element and are even not marked with any epigenomic signal or protein binding. An understudied aspect of these regions is their possible roles in stabilizing the 3D chromatin organization. To illuminate their “structural importance”, we chose to start with the non-coding regions forming many 3D contacts (referred to as hubs) and identified dozens of hubs essential for cell viability. Hi-C and single cell transcriptomic analyses showed that their deletion could significantly alter chromatin organization and impact gene expression located distal in the genome. This study revealed the 3D structural importance of non-coding loci that are not associated with any functional element, providing a new mechanistic understanding of the disease-associated genetic variations (GVs). Furthermore, our analyses also suggested a powerful approach to develop “one-drug-multiple-targets” therapeutics targeting the disease-specific non-coding regions.

The evolution of the concept of the intestinal microbial-tissue complex

The human gastrointestinal tract is one of the largest in area — points of contact between the internal environment of the host and environmental factors.The most important functional element of this interaction is the microbial — tissue complex of the gastrointestinal tract, and its permeability is defined as a key option in the implementation of the mechanisms of adaptation and homeostasis.The microbiota is represented in various interpretations by the main four domains (archaea, bacteria or eubacteria, eukaryotes and viruses). The combination of these domains into the Biota taxon suggests the need to use the term biota-tissue complex, which more fully reflects the sophisticated interactions of all microbial-tissue complexes of the body.

Kinematic Accuracy Method of Mechanisms Based on Tolerance Theories

Traditional tolerance analysis is mostly restricted to static analysis. However, tolerances of different components also affect the movement accuracy in a mechanism. In this paper, the idea of kinematic tolerance analysis is advanced. In the interest of achieving movement precision considering tolerance, a kinematic Jacobian model is established on the basis of a traditional dimensional chain and an original Jacobian model. The tolerances of functional element (FE) pairs are expressed as small-displacement screws. In addition, joint clearances resulting from tolerance design also influence the kinematic accuracy, and they are modeled by FE pairs. Two examples are presented to illustrate the rationality and the validity of the kinematic tolerance model. The results of the two examples are shown, and the discussion is presented. A physical model of the 2D example is also built up in 3DCS software. Based on the discussion, a comparison between the statistical and physical models is carried out, and the merits and demerits of both are listed.