Cross-sectional Associations between Lifestyle Factors and Obesity among Students in a University at Gyeonggi Province

Objectives: This study examined the associations between lifestyle factors and obesity among university students.Methods: In this cross-sectional correlational study, 671 students completed measures of lifestyle factors (dietary habit, exercise, smoking, and alcohol drinking), health concern, academic stress, and anthropometric indices. Obesity was classified by body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference (AC). The data were analyzed with χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression.Results: The frequencies of obesity and abdominal obesity were higher in male students than in female students (17.6% vs. 3.4% by BMI, 18.9% vs. 5.9% by AC). Abdominal obesity in students with diabetic parent was higher (16.8%) than in students without diabetic family history (9.2%). Obesity of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 associated with breakfast absence of 5-7 times/week (odds ratio, OR: 1.98, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.05-3.71). Abdominal obesity associated with instant foods intake of 5-7 times/week (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.14-6.17), fast foods intake of 3-4 times/week (OR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.48-5.56), snacks of 3-4 times/wk (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.15-4.00), and consumed alcohol of ≥ 1 glass a day (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.19-3.73).Conclusions: Breakfast absence is associated with obesity. Instant foods, fast foods, snacks, and alcohol consumption are the associated factors with abdominal obesity among university students.

A Study on Consumer’s Opinion towards Packaged Instant Food Products in Madurai City

In developing countries like India both men and women are working for survival; in this tight schedule, packaged instant foods make their cooking process easy and saves time. Packaged instant food products simplify the cooking process and speed ups the cooking. Nowadays, every supermarket shelf is filled with instant food products. As customers are willing to buy more, so it is important to analyze their opinion regarding packed instant food. In a study, an attempt ah been made to analyze the customer’s level of opinion towards packaged instant food. The objective of the study is to analyze the opinion of the customers towards packaged instant food products. A sample survey was conducted in Madurai city; the sample size is 45. The questionnaire has been used to collect primary data from the respondents. SPSS software is used to analyze the data statistics.

Desain Pangan Instan Gizi Khusus Lansia Berbasis Binte Biluhuta Diperkaya Nanomineral Tulang Ikan

Various instant foods for the elderly began to be developed. Binte biluhuta is an indigenous nusantara soup from Gorontalo with the main ingredient are corn and skipjack. The unique characteristic of soup is potential became special food that can be served for elderly, how ever the calcium content that is very low and the presence of oxalic acid still being abstacle. Fish bone was a natural source of calcium. The research objectives were to design special nutrient instant food for elderly based on binte biluhuta indigenous food from Gorontalo enriched with fish bone nanomineral. The research included calcination of fish bones at a temperature of 600 ?C for 6 hours and reduced the size with nanomilling became nanomineral. Binte biluhuta cream soup was designed according to the Recommended daily intake (RDI) of the elderly. Characteristics quality was determined in order to develop microwave cooking. Particle size of nanomineral catfish bone was 70-100 nm, white color and contained 852000 ± 15.08 mg/Kg calcium, phosphorus 146300 ± 43.89 mg/Kg and magnesium 4410 ± 0.44 mg/Kg. Binte biluhuta instant cream soup with rasio of corn and fish 15: 1 served using microwave cooking and fortified 0.84 g nanomineral fish bone from 30 g binte biluhuta instant cream soup, contained 57470.39 ± 57.87 mg/Kg amino acids and 1.08 ± 0.06 mg/Kg oxalic acid. Binte biluhuta instant cream soup as much 30 g can fulfilled the needs of elderly calcium 51.47% and energy 88.65 Kcal.

Changes in the Gut Microbiome after Galacto-Oligosaccharide Administration in Loperamide-Induced Constipation

Unbalanced dietary habits and the consumption of high protein and instant foods cause an increase in constipation. Here, we evaluated the effects of galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) on a rat model of loperamide-induced constipation by measuring various biological markers and cecal microbiota. The fecal water content and intestinal transit ratio significantly increased in the GOS-administered (GL and GH) groups than in the control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). The length of intestinal mucosa (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) and area of crypt cells were (p < 0.01, both) significantly increased in the GOS-administered groups compared to the control group. The distribution of interstitial cells of Cajal, which is related to the intestinal movement, showed a significant increase in GOS-administered groups than in the control group (p < 0.01, both). The relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, significantly increased in the GL group than in the control group. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the gut microbiota in the GL groups. These results demonstrated that GOS administration effectively alleviates constipation by increasing LAB proliferation in the intestinal microbiota and SCFA production.

UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN PADA REMAJA DI SMK PGRI 2 SURAKARTA

Abstrak Perkembangan zaman pada era globalisasi dapat memberikan pengaruh pada remaja. Salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi adalah pemilihan makanan karena remaja tidak lagi didasarkan pada kandungan gizi, tetapi lebih banyak sekedar sosialisasi dengan teman sebayanya, untuk kesenangan dan agar tidak kehilangan status. Konsumsi makanan instan yang berlebihan dan jangka waktu yang lama dapat menimbulkan penimbunan zat aditif yang terkandung dalam makanan instan pada tubuh mereka, hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan status gizi pada remaja cukup beragam. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut diperlukan adanya pendidikan kesehatan dan pemahaman tentang pola makan sehat dan dampak negatif yang bisa disebabkan jika konsumsi makanan instan secara berlebihan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di SMK PGRI 2 Surakarta dimana di sekolah tersebut tidak menyediakan kantin sehat dan lokasi SMK yang strategis menyebabkan banyak penjual makanan instan maupun makanan yang kurang sehat di lingkungan sekolah, selain itu belum pernah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan terkait bahaya konsumsi makanan instan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dampak negatif konsumsi makanan instan dan membuat siswa mampu mengurangi konsumsi makanan instan berlebihan. Pre-test dan post-test dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman siswa mengenai dampak negatif dari konsumsi makanan instan berlebihan. Metode yang dilakukan adalah memberikan pendidikan kesehatan kepada siswa dengan metode ceramah dan pemberian leaflet untuk memudahkan siswa dalam memahami dampak negatif konsumsi makanan instan berlebihan. Hasil perhitungan rata-rata nilai pre-test adalah 62,5 dan setelah dilakukan pemaparan materi, rata-rata tingkat pemahaman meningkat menjadi 74,0 dengan selisih nilai pre-test dan post-test sebesar 11,50. Dapat disimpulkan pelaksanaan pendidikan kesehatan tentang dampak negatif konsumsi makanan instan berlebihan dapat menambah pengetahuan dan pemahaman siswa mengenai zat yang terkandung dalam makanan instan, dampak negatif konsumsi makanan instan berlebihan terhadap kesehatan, dan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran untuk mengurangi makanan instan. Abstract The era of globalization can influence adolescent, one problem that occurs is the selection of food because do not understand based on nutritional information but just socializing with their peers. Excessive instant foods consumption and long periods can cause the accumulation of additives contained in their bodies, which can cause nutritional status in adolescents is quite diverse. Based on these problems there is a need for health education and understanding of healthy food and the negative effect that can be caused if excessive consumption of instant foods. Education activities at SMK PGRI 2 Surakarta, because the school did not have a healthy canteen and strategic location caused many instant food sellers and unhealthy, there was never educated about the negative effect of instant food consumption. Therefore efforts should be made to increase knowledge of the negative effects of instant food consumption and make students able to reduce the consumption of excessive instant food. Pre-test and post-test were conducted to determine the level of student understanding of the negative effects of excessive instant food consumption. The method is health education explains, discussion, leaflets to facilitate students in understanding the negative effects of excessive instant food consumption. The results of the calculation of the average pre-test value were 62.5 and after health education increased to 74.0 with the difference between the pre-test and post-test values ​​of 11.50. It can be concluded that the implementation of health education about the negative effects of consumption of instant food can increase the knowledge about substances contained in instant food, the negative impact of excessive consumption of instant food on health, and can increase awareness to reduce instant food.

Changing trend in nutrition and food consumption predisposes school children to overweight and obesity in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

Background: The consumption of instant foods like pasta and sweetened soft drinks have virtually replaced the traditional diets among children. This changing trend in food consumption could negatively affect the health status of school-aged children. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of consumption of instant foods (pasta) on anthropometric parameters and nutrient intake among children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: Participants (126 healthy children, 66 boys and 60 girls, aged 4–12 years) were recruited from nursery and primary schools in Ife Central Local Government, Ile-Ife. The anthropometric measurements were taken and participants were classified based on body mass index (BMI) percentiles. A food frequency questionnaire was administered to evaluate participants’ pasta consumption patterns, while food intakes were obtained through 24-h dietary recall. The samples of food consumed by the children were analyzed for their nutrient contents. Nutrient intake was calculated using the data obtained from 24-h dietary recall and the results were compared with the recommended dietary allowances. Results: The average estimated energy intakes were 6167 kJ and 6095 kJ for male and female participants, respectively. The energy intake per kg body weight increased with increasing frequency of the consumption of pasta. There was a positive correlation ( r = 0.873 and 0.998 at P ≤ 0.05 for male and female participants, respectively) between energy intake and weight. The BMI classification showed that 12% of males and 17% of females were overweight or obese. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the consumption of pasta could predispose children to overweight/obesity.

Nutrition label experience and consumption of transitional foods among a nationwide cohort of 42,750 Thai adults

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the usefulness of nutrition labels in Thailand during nutrition transition from traditional to modern diets that increase salt, sugar, and calorie intake and to note socio-demographic interactions and associations with consumption of transitional processed foods. Design/methodology/approach The authors studied 42,750 distance learning Open University adults aged 23-96 years in 2013 residing nationwide and participating in an ongoing community-based prospective cohort study. The authors used multivariable logistic regression to relate nutrition label experiences (“read”, “good understand”, “frequent use”), socio-demographic factors, and consumption of four transitional foods. These foods included “unhealthy” instant foods, carbonated soft drinks, and sweet drinks, or “healthy” milk. Findings Overall, two-thirds reported good understanding and frequent use of nutrition labels. Unhealthy transition-indicator processed foods were frequently consumed: instant foods (7 per cent), (carbonated) soft drinks (15 per cent), and sweet drinks (41 per cent). Frequent users of nutrition labels (e.g. females, older persons, professionals) were less likely to consume unhealthy indicator foods. Those with the most positive overall nutrition label experience (“read” + “good understanding” + “frequent use”) had the best indicator food profiles: instant foods (odds ratio (OR) 0.63; 95%CI, 0.56-0.70); soft drinks (OR 0.56; 95%CI, 0.52-0.61); sweet drinks (OR 0.79; 95%CI, 0.74-0.85); milk (OR 1.87; 95%CI, 1.74-2.00). Originality/value Knowledge protected – those with most nutrition label experience were least likely to consume unhealthy foods. Results support government regulated nutrition labels, expanding to include sweet drinks. The study is remarkable for its large size and nationwide footprint. Study subjects were educated, represent Thais of the future, and show high awareness of transition-indicator foods.