Cytochrome C and COI Sequence of O.laetus Review

The COI sequence of O.laetus was submitted to the Genbank database holding an accession number HQ908084 (Figure1). The amino acid sequence of the corresponding COI gene was also updated under the accession number ADZ05746, which turned out to contain 222 amino acids. Base statistics of the O.laetus COI are presented in Figure 2. It can be seen from the table that the fragment is rich in AT content as expected with thymine occurring most frequently followed by the others in the order A, C & G. The AT% stood at 67.2 in comparison to GC% at 32.8. The protein entry was subjected to family confirmation by searching the InterProScan database and the results indicate a very high and significant match confirming our sequence to be a part of Cytochrome C.

Petrophysical seismic inversion based on lithofacies classification to enhance reservoir properties estimation: a machine learning approach

For estimation of petrophysical properties in industry, we are looking for a methodology which results in more accurate outcome and also can be validated by means of some quality control steps. To achieve that, an application of petrophysical seismic inversion for reservoir properties estimation is proposed. The main objective of this approach is to reduce uncertainty in reservoir characterization by incorporating well log and seismic data in an optimal manner. We use nonlinear optimization algorithms in the inversion workflow to estimate reservoir properties away from the wells. The method is applied at well location by fitting nonlinear experimental relations on the petroelastic cross-plot, e.g., porosity versus acoustic impedance for each lithofacies class separately. Once a significant match between the measured and the predicted reservoir property is attained in the inversion workflow, the petrophysical seismic inversion based on lithofacies classification is applied to the inverted elastic property, i.e., acoustic impedance or Vp/Vs ratio derived from seismic elastic inversion to predict the reservoir properties between the wells. Comparison with the neural network method demonstrated this application of petrophysical seismic inversion to be competitive and reliable.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF CUPRIC SULFATE AND SATURATION OF BLOOD DROPLETS DURING DONORS’HEMOGLOBIN SCREENING

There are several methods of hemoglobin screening. A technique that is practical, easy, and fast,as well as does not require high costs is needed for blood donor activities. Cupric sulfate method is still used in blood donor activities nowadays. There are several types of the specific gravity of cupric sulfate which will determine saturation speed. On the other hand, one of the requirements for a blood donor, according to the WHO, is that its hemoglobin level must be ≥ 12.5 g/dL. This research aims was to reveal how many blood droplets could be dripped into cupric sulfate solutions at certain specific gravities. This research was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design. One mL of venous blood sample was consecutively collected from thirty donors who came to the blood service of the Dr. R. Soedjono Selong Hospital in August 2017. Next, screening for hemoglobin levels was carried out on those blood samples using the cupric sulfate method with a specific gravity of 1.054. Autoanalyzer was also used as a reference method in this research. Results of cupric sulfate examination were categorized into sinking and non-sinking. The results of cupric sulfate examination with sinking category showed significant suitability with hemoglobin levels of >12.5 g/dL from autoanalyzer (p=0.002) with 100% sensitivity and 70.83% specificity. The results of cupric sulfate examination with non-sinking category (with daily replacement) showed a significant match with hemoglobin levels of >12.5 g/dL from autoanalyzer (p=0.003) with 68% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The use of ten samples in this research could reach 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Meanwhile, according to the WHO, 30 mL of cupric sulfate solution with a specific gravity of 1.053 can accommodate 25 donor blood droplets.Thus, it can be concluded that unlike the reference from the WHO of 25 droplets, based on hemoglobin screening test cupric sulfate solution with a specific gravity of 1,054 can be saturated with ten droplets.

Cladistic analysis of the Paleozoic bryozoan families Monticuliporidae and Mesotrypidae

A set of 127 binary and multistate characters, weighted by the number of derived character states, degree of covariation, and level of homoplasy, was used in a cladistic analysis of type species representing 12 genera previously assigned to families Monticuliporidae and Mesotrypidae. The most parsimonious tree consisted of a 10-genus monophyletic crown group with the remaining two genera forming a basal paraphyletic stem group. The composition of the monticuliporid crown group is broadly similar to two earlier classifications while stem group membership matches the family Mesotrypidae. Phenetic groupings, based on overall morphological similarity, have memberships that are similar to those of clades but provide no means of determining the polarity of evolutionary relationships either within or between them. Finally, only the observed stratigraphic ranges of the type species of genera provide a statistically significant match with cladistic branching sequence, perhaps because current composite generic ranges reflect the mixing of species belonging to different genera. Based on cladogram topology, we propose the placement of all 12 genera into a single family Monticuliporidae.

The current and future projected distribution of Solanum hoplopetalum (Solanaceae): an indigenous weed of the south-western Australian grain belt

The factors determining the distribution of the Western Australian endemic Solanum hoplopetalum Bitter & Summerh. (Solanaceae) were assessed because it was identified as a potential weed risk to Australian cropping regions, including under climate change scenarios. Incubation at constant temperatures determined daily plant growth rates and plants required 1380 degree-days above a threshold of 12.4°C to complete growth to flowering. From this and published information on the plant’s biology, we developed a mechanistic niche model using CLIMEX. The model projection for current climates produced a highly significant match to known distribution records. Spatially, the lower south-west and areas eastwards to South Australia, western New South Wales and southern parts of the Northern Territory were climatically suitable for growth of S. hoplopetalum. However, by 2070 the area under risk decreases, with the projected distribution under climate change contracting southwards. We hypothesise that climatic extremes and edaphic factors, possibly high soil pH, may be major factors determining the current distribution of S. hoplopetalum. Containment on the southern edge of the current distribution, interstate quarantine and local eradication in new areas of invasion are recommended as management options to combat the potential for this native weed to spread.

Is attachment transmitted across generations? The plot thickens

Studies have demonstrated a strong relation between adult attachment security, using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), and infant security, using the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). This suggests that a mother’s representations of attachment may influence the development of her infant’s attachment to her. This study both confirms and modifies that finding in a cohort of 47 first-time mothers and their infants. The AAIs were administered during the third trimester of pregnancy and the SSPs were performed when the infant was 14 months of age. The AAIs were classified using Crittenden’s Dynamic-Maturational Model (DMM) and the SSPs using both the DMM and also Main and Solomon’s ABC+D methods. There was a significant match of patterns for secure mothers and babies, but a tendency for inversion of insecure patterns of attachment, that is Type A mothers often had infants with a Type C pattern and vice versa. No significant relation was seen between the DMM adult and ABC+D infant patterns of attachment. A significant, but modest, association was found between the DMM and ABC+D infant SSP classifications. These findings may help guide treatment of insecure mother—infant dyads by individualizing interventions to include a focus on maternal representations of the infant and maternal responses to infant behavior.

Identification of Differences in Genome Content among phlD-Positive Pseudomonas fluorescens Strains by Using PCR-Based Subtractive Hybridization

ABSTRACT Certain 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol-producing strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens colonize roots and suppress soilborne diseases more effectively than others from which they are otherwise phenotypically almost indistinguishable. We recovered DNA fragments present in the superior colonizer P. fluorescens Q8r1-96 but not in the less rhizosphere-competent strain Q2-87. Of the open reading frames in 32 independent Q8r1-96-specific clones, 1 was similar to colicin M from Escherichia coli, 3 resembled known regulatory proteins, and 28 had no significant match with sequences of known function. Seven clones hybridized preferentially to DNA from strains with superior rhizosphere competence, and sequences in two others were highly expressed in vitro and in the rhizosphere.

Analysis of the spatial organization of microtubule-associated proteins.

We have developed microdensitometer-computer correlation techniques to analyze the arrangement of microtubule arms and bridges (i.e., microtubule-associated proteins [MAPs]). A microdensitometer was used to scan immediately adjacent to the wall of longitudinally sectioned microtubules in positive transparency electron micrographs. Signal enhancement procedures were applied to the digitized densitometer output to produce a binary sequence representing the apparent axial spacing of MAP projections. These enhanced records were analyzed in two ways. (a) Autocorrelograms were formed for each record and correlogram peaks from a group of scans were pooled to construct a peak frequency histogram. (b) Cross-correlation was used to optimize the match between each enhanced record and templates predicted by different models of MAP organization. Seven symmetrical superlattices were considered as well as single axial repeats. The analyses were repeated with randomly generated records to establish confidence levels. Using the above methods, we analyzed the intrarow bridges of the Saccinobaculus axostyle and the MAP2 projections associated with brain microtubules synthesized in vitro. We confirmed a strict 16-nm axial repeat for axostyle bridges. For 26 MAP2 records, the only significant match was to a 12-dimer superlattice model (P less than 0.002). However, we also found some axial distances between MAP2 projections which were compatible with the additional spacings predicted by a 6-dimer superlattice. Therefore, we propose that MAP2 projections are arranged in a "saturated 12-dimer, unsaturated 6-dimer" superlattice, which may be characteristic of a wide variety of MAPs.