Improving machining stability of AISI-4140 with magnetic field

Several methods have been developed in order to improve the traditional machining processes and machining outputs. In this study, the effect of the magnetic field on the turning process was investigated. AISI-4140 was machined with different cutting speeds and magnetic flux density magnitudes. The magnetic field was generated with neodymium magnets. Machining stability, surface roughness, and maximum cutting temperature were measured. Additionally, chip shapes were examined. The machining stability was determined by measuring the vibration amplitude and other vibrational parameters (natural frequency, stiffness, and damping coefficients). Conventional turning and magnetic assisted turning were performed under the same cutting parameters consecutively, and the results were compared. According to the results, it was observed that neodymium magnets attached to the cutting tool improve machining stability and damping properties. Surface roughness was decreased between 6%–10% in magnetic assisted turning. Furthermore, it has been observed that the maximum cutting temperatures have been increased between 10%–45% in the magnetic assisted machining. Besides, it can be said that magnets contribute to improving chip control by collecting the chips on them while machining AISI-4140 steel.

A prototype of 3D-printed permanent magnet generator for low power applications

Recently, there has been a growing interest in the field of using 3D-printing technology for electrical machine manufacturing. However, almost research works have been done majorly on the 3D-printing technology of individual working parts for various electrical machines. This research presents a study of design, fabrication and testing of the protopype of permanent magnet generator using 3D-printing technology. The major parts of proposed generator are fabricated though 3D-printed materials. The stator winding of designed generator consists of 12 slots. The stator coil is designed to have 250 turns per slot and 12 pieces of neodymium magnets are used in to generate magnetic field in the rotor core. The prototype generator is tested under different condition; no-load and loaded-test. The experimental have been shown that in the no-load condition, this generator is able to generate output voltage of 3.3-64.5 V, when rotated at speed of 100-2,500 rpm. In the loaded-test, the output voltage and output current are also generated. Furthermore, it can be seen that a proposed generator can generate the output power of 4,245.28 mW, when rotated at speed of 2,500 rpm.

Analysis of the Impact of Magnetic Materials on Cogging Torque in Brushless DC Motor

The cogging torque is the most significant issue in permanent magnet applications, since it has a negative impact on machine performance. In this article, the impact of magnetic materials on cogging torque is analyzed on brushless DC motors (BLDC). The effect of neodymium magnets (NdFeB), compression molded magnet, and samarium cobalt (SmCo) magnet on the cogging torque is analyzed to the BLDC motor designed for hybrid electric vehicle traction that has the peak power rating of 50 kW motor with 48 stator slots and 8 rotor poles. With the presence of these three magnetic materials, the cogging torque is estimated independently using multiposition simulation. The multiposition is simulated using a transient application that runs at constant speed. The results of cogging torque, rotational speed, angular position of BLDC motor, and magnetic flux density distribution have been presented. Also, the maximal, mean, minimal, rectified mean, and rms values of cogging torque were provided.

Design and Construction of a Chamber Enabling the Observation of Living Cells in the Field of a Constant Magnetic Force

The aim of the work was to design and construct a microscopic stage that enables the observation of biological cells in a magnetic field with a constant magnetic force. Regarding the requirements for biological observations in the magnetic field, construction was based on the standard automatic stage of an optical microscope ZEISS Axio Observer, and the main challenge was to design a set of magnets which were the source of a field in which the magnetic force was constant in the observation zone. Another challenge was to design a magnet arrangement producing a weak magnetic field to manipulate the cells without harming them. The Halbach array of magnets was constructed using permanent cubic neodymium magnets mounted on a 3D printed polymer ring. Four sets of magnets were used, differing in their dimensions, namely, 20, 15, 12, and 10 mm. The polymer rings were designed to resist magnetic forces and to keep their shape undisturbed when working under biological conditions. To check the usability of the constructs, experiments with magnetic microparticles were executed. Magnetic microparticles were placed under the microscope and their movement was observed to find the acting magnetic force.

Effect of the parameters in electromagnetic field assisted electric discharge machining

The electric discharge machining is a non-conventional machining process, in which the spark is electric spark is generate in gap between the work piece and electrode. Due to heat generated by spark in between the workpiece and electrode, the material get vaporized from small area form workpiece and get cool down with the help of dielectric fluid. In present study low carbon mold steel use as a work piece and copper electrode is used. The electromagnetic field included in the process to analyze the effect of the input parameters on the machine response parameters like MRR and the surface roughness value (Ra). The study is done on EDM process with and without EMF by varying the input parameters Ton (μs) and keeping the other parameters constant (Toff (μs), Current (A) & Voltage (V)). The set of the neodymium magnets are used in the set up having 4500 gauss units. The circular plate is designed to hold the neodymium magnets nearer to the work piece using CATIA V5 version. 3D printer is used to fabricate the circular plate that holds the electromagnets precisely near to the area under spark to have a maximum effect of EMF in the EDM process. The experimentations shows that response parameter shows good output at pulse on time of 200 ms and 300 ms with and without EMF respectively.

Research of the Solar Electromagnetic Motor

The article presents the Mendocino solar engine and the solar unipolar engine and their shortcomings. A new solar electromagnetic engine was introduced. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the electrical and mechanical characteristics of a solar electromagnetic motor. (Materials and methods) The LED digital switching DC power supply LW-K3010D; magnetic field detector; digital tachometers RPM, TL-900, DT-2234C; digital LED thermometer 1M-50⁓100; digital voltmeter 0.28 Inch Red; multimeters MAS830L, MAS838L, DT-181, HP-4070L; ammeters M4204; energy meter Dudget KIT MT-4014 were used during the study. The experimental method was used. (Results and discussion) Authors experimentally developed several engine designs. With a rotor diameter of 100 millimeters and a voltage of a high-voltage solar photovoltaic module of 110 volts, the power consumption is 0.44 watts, the rotor rotation speed is 750 rpm. The solar electromagnetic motor with a rotor diameter of 250 millimeters and a total rotor weight of one kilogram consumes 1.9 watts and has 100 rpm at free mode. (Conclusions) The article presents the designs of a solar electromagnetic motor in which there are no losses for eddy currents when the rotor rotates in a constant magnetic field of the stator, and the magnetic field of the rotor currents strengthens the magnetic field of the stator. The advantages of the proposed solar electromagnetic motor are high voltage and low currents in the electric windings, low energy consumption and no losses for eddy currents, for shading solar cells and for friction in sliding contacts. The results allow us to conclude the possibility of further development of solar electric machines using neodymium magnets, ionistors, high- voltage solar modules.

Unexpected magnetic attraction: Evidence for an organized energy field in the human body

Introduction & Background: In recent months unexpected reports have surfaced claiming the presence of magnetic attraction in the shoulder regions of subjects who had recently received the COVID-19 vaccination. Purpose: To determine if such claims are legitimate or spurious. Methods: A prospective observational study was performed utilizing standard neodymium magnets and non-magnetized paper clips in a rigorously standardized application protocol. Magnets and paper clips were applied over various regions of both deltoid muscles. The attraction score was calculated by adding one point for each pole of the magnet that attached to each arm over the deltoid muscle for a maximum score of 4. Likewise, three sizes of paper clips were tested with a maximum score of 6. The field score was calculated by adding the magnet score to the paper clip score for a maximum score of 10 points

Experimental investigation of the electrochemical micromachining process of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy under the influence of magnetic field

An attempt has been made to study the influence of magnetic field on the micro hole machining of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy using electrochemical micromachining (ECMM) process. The presence of magneto hydro dynamics (MHD) is accomplished with the aid of external magnetic field (neodymium magnets) in order to improve the machining accuracy and the performance characteristics of ECMM. Close to ideal solution for magnetic and nonmagnetic field ECMM process, the parameters used are as follows: concentration electrolyte of 15 g/l; peak current of 1.35 A; pulse on time of 400 s; and duty factor of 0.5. An improvement of 11.91–52.43% and 23.51–129.68% in material removal rate (MRR) and 6.03–21.47% and 18.32–33.09% in overcut (OC) is observed in ECMM of titanium alloy under the influence of attraction and repulsion magnetic field, respectively, in correlation with nonmagnetic field ECMM process. A 55.34% surface roughness factor reduction is ascertained in the hole profile in magnetic field-ECMM in correlation with electrochemical machined titanium alloy under nonmagnetic field environment. No machining related stress is induced in the titanium alloy, even though environment of electrochemical machining process has been enhanced with the presence of magnetic field. A slight surge in the compressive residual factor, aids in surge of passivation potential of titanium alloy, resulting in higher resistance to outside environment.

Indicator type device for aligning of pump shafts

An indicator centering device based on neodymium magnets is developed, which makes it possible to control the axial and radial clearances. The general methods of alignment used in production are considered. Keywords: shaft alignment, dial indicator, electric motor, pump, half-coupling [email protected]

Frictionless Energy Generation using Flywheel

The intention of this project is to build a straight forward human powered generator from a used bicycle and to use it to power light bulbs, cell phones, laptops, and other small appliances. This project will help to develop engineering skills while learning about a clean way of generating electricity and satisfying our basic requirement. We are going to use the hard drive magnet and inductive coil to generate electricity due to which our mobile phone will be charge and followed by ac to dc converter. This is totally clean way of generating energy. As fuel is not a renewable energy source and the prices are increasing day by day. It will not be affordable by a common man after some period. Here no fuel is required to generate electricity, so everybody can afford this method for power generation also it eliminates the emission of CO2 which will reduces the pollution. Conventional methods for generating electricity make use of dynamo and wind turbine, but they have disadvantage that they produce friction and reduces speed which require more efforts. For the project to work we need strong electromagnets so we have used Neodymium magnets and also used coil. The basic idea of this project comes from the functioning of motor, that is how it rotates in the magnetic field and cut’s the magnetic line and how flux is introduced into the coil. The motivation behind the project is to generate electricity without having any friction and without using natural resources.