Effect of short term storage on wheat quality parameters

Eleven samples of registered wheat varieties of bread with diverse technological qualities were used in this study. The samples were devided into two groups. The first group including all the 11 variety were stored for 3 months, while the second group of the samples were stored for 9 months at an ambient temperature. The results of quality evaluation showed that 5 soft wheat varieties (GK Csongrád, GK Garaboly, GK Hattyú, GK Holló, GK Nap) and 6 hard wheat varieties (GK Ati, GK Békés, GK Élet, GK Kalász, GK Petúr, GK Verecke) were involved in the study. Further, the flour yield, the gluten index and the water absorbance capacity has significantly decreased after 9 months storage time when compared to 3 months storage interval.

STRUCTURAL, FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND IN VITRO DIGESTIBILIGY OF MAIZE STARCH UNDER HEAT-MOISTURE AND ATMOSPHERIC-COLD PLASMA TREATMENTS

Maize starch is one of an important material which widely using in food applications and other industries. However, natural properties of raw starch can not be suitable for processed foods. So, the modification of starch is very important. In this study, heat-moisture and atmospheric cold argon-plasma treatments were applied in maize starch; then, structural, fuctional properties and digestibility of modified starch was investigated. Raw starch was heated at 20, 25 and 30% of moisture content. Subsequently, sample was treated under argon-plasma environment at fixed paramentes (137,5 V; 1.0 A for 10 min). Sample was investigated degree of cross-linking, degree of relative crystallinity (DRC), degree of hydrolysis using alpha-amylase, in vitro digestibility, changes in the hydration properties such as water absorbance index, swelling factor and water solubility index. Results show that degree of cross-linking, DRC, resistant starch of samples significantly increase under heat-moisture and plasma treatments; especially, sample of 20% heat-moisture contains 3-folded to 10-folded increase comparing to raw starch base on with or without pre-boiling process. Furthermore, water absorbance index and swelling factor decrease but water solubility index increase under plasma treatment.

Investigating The Water Absorbance of Different Insulation Materials

In this work, the moisture absorbance of 6 different building insulation materials are inspected in a laboratory environment. After being dried to a constant weight, the materials were exposed to five different, equally distributed, relative humidity environments, ranging from 0% to 100%. At each chosen relative humidity range the weight of absorbed water content was measured. Then the results were analysed. The insulation materials were then ranked using results from this and the author’s previous work.

Analysis of impact of city forest utilization to improvement of envirovment qualty in Serang City

Serang city is the capital city of Banten province surrounded by cities and counties nearby. At this time serang city has become center of activities and migration of the counties nearits that cause the past population growth. This of course will affect to the building both physical and non physical ones. At the same time environment problem increases too, such as the height of temperature , the increase of air pollution, trafkic jam, the decrease of water quality. One of the ways of handling the problems is bye keeping and developing green open space, that will become city forest. This research is to find out the potency of the impact of city forest management to envirounment in Serang city, like air quality. CO2 decrease, noise, moisture, and potency of carbon as well as potency of water absorbance. Research methodoly used is using primary data of environmental quality test in fivelocation in Serang city which is placed near the city forest area to colculate the potency of carbon absorbance using formula of biomassa tree calcution which is calculated based on the ability of plantation water absorbance. The research show that the value of physical environment in city forest area is better than the condition of physical environment which is forer from the city forest.

Hybrid superabsorbent polymer networks (SAPs) encapsulated with SiO2 for structural applications

In this work, materials that as additives in cement promote self-sealing/healing properties by the gradual release of water they absorb were synthesized, characterized and evaluated. Specifically, hybrid SAPs that absorb high ammounts of water encapsulated with SiO2 that facilitates their incorporation in the matrix since it improves their chemical affinity were investigated. The structure and morphology of the fabricated SAPs were characterized analytically and confirmed the synthesis of P(MAA-co-EGDMA)@SiO2 nanocomposite. Its particle size is expected to reduce the size of the pores formed due to the absorbing/desorbing water process during the mixing and curing of cement. Moreover, the water absorbance of the above mentioned material as well as its ability to maintain its original structure during subsequent cycles of absorbing/desorbing water from different mediums and specifically from distilled water (DW) and cement slurry filtrate (CS) were evaluated. CS was chosen to mimic the cementitious environment considering the presence of various ions and its pH value (~ 12). The results revealed that the absorption ratio of P(MAA-co-EGDMA)@SiO2 in DW and CS was higher than 1500 wt.% its original dry weight, while SEM pictures proved that the hybrid SAPs maintained their structure after the water absorption tests.

Filter Medias from Recycled Concrete, Properties Investigated for Sorption Processes

Every year construction demolition waste amount increases. 75 percent of this waste consists of concrete, masonry products and tile products. Concrete and reinforced concrete waste can be recycled and reused for new concrete product pro-duction, road installation, as well as formed water treatment. Crushed concrete particles are characterized by large surface area and many voids. These particle characteristics depend on used crushing-granulating method. Particles obtained by the milling method have larger number of voids, higher water absorbance and higher number of open pores. Crushed concrete particles, of which high amounts are formed in building or waste recycling sites, can be used as filler for water treatment filters.

PEMANFAATAN KULIT PISANG KEPOK SEBAGAI ADSORBEN ZAT ORGANIK PADA AIR GAMBUT DENGAN VARIASI WAKTU PENGADUKAN

ABSTRACTThe functional groups that act as adsorbent in kepok banana peel (Musa acuminate L.) can be identified are -OH, -COO, and -NH. Products in the form of a biological charcoal adsorbent from kepok banana peel can increase the economic value of a banana peel. This research aimed to study of using the kepok banana peel sour as adsorbent for reducing the content of organic matter in peat water. Parameter observed was the shaking time. Kepok banana peel that has been obtained from industrial waste bananas fried in Pontianak burned to charcoal. Activated charcoal that has been obtained with a solution of 0.1 M NaOH,washed with 0.1% HCl and distilled water and then dried to constant weight. Furthermore, biological charcoal from kepok banana peels used as adsorbent to reduce the content of organic matter in peat water which measured to decrease the color intensity of peat water (absorbance measurement) by using UV-VIS spectrophotometer in the wavelength of 254 nm. The results showed that decreasing in organic matter content in 70 mL of water peat obtained in 1 gram of adsorbent was 60 minutes. This results showed that the adsorbent of kepok banana peel can reduce water content of organic matter in peat water.Keywords: adsorbents, peat water, kepok banana peel (Musa acuminate L.)

Analysis of Physical and Chemical of Starch Lindur (Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza), Pedada (Sonneratia Casiolaris) and Api-Api (Avicennia Marina)

Mangrove is one of the coastal ecosystem which highly beneficial for human, several type of mangrove that were commonly used as food source for human were Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia casiolaris and Avicennia marina. With high carbohydrate content, these three mangrove has the potential to be processed into starch or flour. Characterization review of physical and chemical traits of starch from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia casiolaris and Avicennia marina was done in Health Laboratory of Health Agency in Maluku Province and Community Health Study Laboratory in Health Faculty of Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku. Physical and chemical analysis done consist of coarse fiber, protein, fat, water content, ash content, sucrose content, white degrees, water absorbance, starch and amylose analysis. Result of this study showed that sucrose content of Bruguiera gymnorrhyza was 19,5%, of Sonneratia casiolaris was 42,1% and of Avicennia marina was 21,4%. For sucrose content of starch were 10,85%, 15,25% and 11,15%. White degree of flour were 39,45%, 45,17% and 40,45% respectively. White degree for starch were 57,72%, 66,39% and 60,8%. Coarse fiber content for flour of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza was 1,24 ml/gr, of Sonneratia casiolaris 0,97 ml/gr, and of Avicennia marina 1,05 ml/gr. Water absorbance for starch of Bruguiera gymnorrhize was the highest with 3,57 ml/gr, followed by Sonneratia casiolaris with 1,46 ml/gr and Avicennia marina with 2,33 ml/gr. Water content of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza starch was between 9,02%-10,77%. Water content of Sonneratia casiolaris starch was between 10,72%-11,90%. Water content of Avicennia marina starch was between 7,69%-9,61%. Ash content of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza starch was about 4,65%-5,65%. Ash content of Sonneratia casiolaris starch was about 4,10%-4,17% and ash content of Avicennia marina starch was about 3,87%-4,16%. Highest protein content for each type was Bruguiera gymnorrhiza with 3,31%, Sonneratia casiolaris with 1,69% and Avicennia marina with 2,20%. Fat content for each type was 0,89%, 0,58% and 0,94% respectively. Coarse fiber content for each type was 1,40%, 0,51% and 0,99%. Starch of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza was 73,19%, of Sonneratia casiolaris was 61,95% and of Avicennia marina was 70,71%. Amylose content for those three were 31,45%, 20,28% and 27,69%. This study contribution was to obtain starch sources as food material.