Raz jeszcze o odpowiedzialności za przywłaszczenie przedmiotu wchodzącego do majątku wspólnego małżonków

The legal assessment of misappropriation of property belonging to community property by one of the spouses constitutes a heavily contested issue in criminal law. The article analyzes a well-established opinion, according to which such property can be the object of the crime of misappropriation, and which cites the rules of the civil law. The article focuses on the issue of the possibility of assuming in such cases an attack on property, i.e. a violation of the object of the offence, discussed from the perspective of family law, which allows spouses to dispose of such property without the permission of the other spouse, on the basis of the rule of independent property management. Moreover, the author verifies the prerequisite for the seizure of third-party property, given that the property in question belongs also to the defendant, in accordance with the rules of community property. In addition to that, the author discusses the issue of meeting the prerequisites for the subjective aspect and the rule for evaluating the damage inflicted by the offence. The latter issue has been identified as particularly controversial, given that determining the scope of the possible restitution claims according to the value of property which constitutes the object of the offence in a situation where the property belongs also to the defendant is contrary to the intuition of criminal law scholars.

Structure and Location of Protein Sites Binding Self-Associated Congo Red Molecules with Intercalated Drugs as Compact Ligands—Theoretical Studies

In the search for new carriers capable of transporting toxic drugs to a target, particular attention has been devoted to supramolecular systems with a ribbon-like micellar structure of which Congo red is an example. A special promise of the possible use of such systems for directing drugs to a target emerges from their particular affinity to immune complexes and as an independent property, binding many organic compounds including drugs by intercalation. Serum albumin also appeared able to bind micellar particles of such systems. It may protect them against dilution in transport. The mathematical tool, which relies on analysis of the distribution of polarity and hydrophobicity in protein molecules (fuzzy oil drop model), has been used to find the location of binding area in albumin as well as anchorage site for Congo red in heated IgG light chain used as a model presenting immunoglobulin-like structures. Results confirm the suggested formerly binding site of Congo red in V domain of IgG light chain and indicated the cleft between pseudo-symmetric domains of albumin as the area of attachment for the dye.

Path independence of the additive functionals for McKean–Vlasov stochastic differential equations with jumps

In this paper, the path independent property of additive functionals of McKean–Vlasov stochastic differential equations with jumps is characterized by nonlinear partial integro-differential equations involving [Formula: see text]-derivatives with respect to probability measures introduced by Lions. Our result extends the recent work16 by Ren and Wang where their concerned McKean–Vlasov stochastic differential equations are driven by Brownian motions.

Porphin-Based Carbon Dots for “Turn Off–On” Phosphate Sensing and Cell Imaging

Porphin-based carbon dots (denoted as PCDs) are prepared through a one-step hydrothermal method by using meso-tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphin (TCPP), citric acid, and ethanediamine as precursor. PCDs give rise to the optimal photoluminescence at λex/λem = 375/645 nm, exhibit an excitation-independent property, excellent water solubility, and good biocompatibility, which provide red emission and avoid the autofluorescence as an efficient fluorescent imaging probe. On the other hand, when Eu3+ is added into PCDs, the carboxylate groups located on the surface of PCDs exhibit high affinity to Eu3+, resulting in the fluorescence of PCDs turning off via static quenching. In the presence of phosphate, owing to the strong coordination with Eu3+, the fluorescence of PCDs turns on. Based on this performance, a novel “turn off–on” phosphate sensing system is developed. The detection limit of this sensing system can attain 3.59 × 10−3 μmol L−1. This system has been utilized for the detection of phosphate in real samples successfully, which further demonstrates potential applications in biological diagnostic and environmental analysis.

An Ultra-Wide Band Polarization-Independent Random Coding Metasurface for RCS Reduction

In this paper, a novel ultra-wide band (UWB) random 3-bit coding metasurface with polarization independence has been designed to realize radar cross-section (RCS) reduction. The proposed structure consists of polarization conversion metasurfaces (PCMs), which possess the capability of rotating linear polarization waves to their orthogonal ones in an UWB. The polarization-independent property can be attributed to the random rotation angle of each constituting unit. Due to the randomness of 3-bit coding and rotation angle of each element, the divergence of the reflected beam is greatly improved. In addition, the effect of RCS reduction with respect to the unit period length and the unit position are also discussed. Finally, a prototype is fabricated and measured to validate the simulation. The experimental results demonstrate that an ultra-wide band RCS reduction over 10 dB, ranging from 18.3–42.2 GHz, can be attained by the proposed coding metasurface and the maximum reduction is 28.7 dB.

Strategi Promosi Agen Properti Independen Pada Media Online

The development of online media is now a powerful weapon to help promote. It is the sophistication of various online media features that are utilized by independent property agents to be able to compete with other agents and carry out the best promotional strategies. This study aims to find out an overview of the promotional strategies used by independent property agents on online media. This study uses qualitative research methods with the type of analysis research. The results showed that the two subjects had online media accounts each with different advertising characteristics, but from several online media used according to the most effective subject in property promotion was using rumah123.com and then OLX.Keywords:Promotion Strategy, Independent Property Agent, and Online Media

Beauty

On the subject of beauty, theorists generally agree only on rudimentary points about the term: that it commends on aesthetic grounds, has absolute and comparative forms, applies to parts, aspects and wholes, and so forth. Beyond this, dispute prevails. Realists hold that judgements of beauty ascribe to their subjects either a response-independent property inherent in things or a capacity of things to affect respondents in a way that preserves objectivity. In both cases acute problems arise in defining the property and in explaining how it can be known. Classical Platonism holds that beauty exists as an ideal supersensible ‘form’, while eighteenth-century theorists view it as a quasi-sensory property. Kant’s transcendental philosophy anchors the experience of beauty to the basic requirements of cognition, conferring on it ‘subjective universality and necessity’. Sceptics complain that the alleged property is merely a reflection of aesthetic pleasure and hence lacks objective standing. Partly due to its preoccupation with weightier matters, the philosophic tradition has not yet developed a theory of beauty as fully and deeply as it has, say, theories in the domain of morality. For most of the twentieth-century the generally subjectivistic and relativistic bent of the social sciences and humanities, as well as the scorn heaped on beauty by avant-gardism in the arts, discouraged concentration on beauty. However, the turn of the century has brought a remarkable reawakening of interest in theorizing about beauty. The burgeoning fields of cognitive science and evolutionary developmental biology have played a part.

Batasan Rumah Susun Yang Dijadikan Agunan Pada Bank

This article discusses existence and the authority of certificate executorial of guarantee right to ownership right of apartment as loan collateral in credit agreement in bank. The law of Apartment has become object of collateral which can be burdened with the law of Guarantee Right and can only be subject of ownership right on apartment because it is an independent property. The legal consideration of execution for guarantee right on apartment is stipulated in article 20 of the law, in which object of guarantee right is sold through public auction and certificate holder of guarantee right is entitled to take all or part of the revenue to pay debts with the right before other creditors. The article suggests that when applying the principle of prudence, banks would not be able to channel loan or credit without collateral. Ownership right on apartment may be used as object of credit collateral and bound with guarantee right. Key words: Apartment, collateral, credit