Genetic sources of economically valuable characteristics for breeding yellow lupine

Screening of world gene bank is carried out to develop initial material for yellow lupin breeding. During 2018-2020 the following genetic sources have been selected: the Polish variety Parus (k-3371) as a semi-early ripened source for plant tallness, high growth tempo and high green mass productivity; the variety Puissant (k-2170) as a source for plant tallness, high seed productivity and seed protein content; the variety SV 01060 (k-2193) as a source for plant tallness, moderate period of ripening, high green mass productivity, seed protein content and their size; the lines Tromusillo-2 (k-3276), W 72 (k-2936), W 105 (k-2933), No. 1004 (k-3913) and the breeding line 07-20-240-2384-3 as sources for tolerance to virus diseases; the breeding line 11-11-02-2-4-3 as a source for high seed and green mass productivity; the hybrid Borluta x Zhitomirskii (k-3592) as a source for plant tallness and moderate period of ripening; k-3915 as a source for moderate period of ripening and high seed productivity.

W poszukiwaniu niepodległości w sztuce: Pawilon polski na wystawie paryskiej 1925

After reappearance of Poland on the map of Europe in 1918, the first major manifestation of the new country’s creative potential was at the 1925 International Exhibition of Applied Arts and Modern Industry in Paris. The Polish Pavilion, which had divided the opinion of critics at home, won the Grand Prix. The award of over 170 prizes to the Polish section in different areas and categories – from posters to art schools – gave ample reason to consider the exhibition an unquestionable success. The forms used in the architecture and interior design of the Polish Pavilion inspired various solutions applied in Polish public architecture of the 1920s. On the wave of the “Paris success” designers tried to translate the Polish variety of art deco into a type of national style which some scholars even came to refer to as the “style of regained independence” which manifested itself in architecture, particularly in interior design, bas reliefs, painted decorations textiles and furniture. Its emergence coincided with the introduction of new education methods in art and craft schools. The text discuss the Polish art deco style in context of two basic currents of interwar years: modernity and tradition. The problem of “Polishness” in art relates also to the concepts of interwar culture and visons of its progress or decadence.

Infestation of Polish Agricultural Soils by Plasmodiophora Brassicae Along The Polish-Ukrainian Border

There has been a rapid, worldwide increase in oilseed rape production that has resulted in enormous intensification of oilseed rape cultivation, leading to tight rotations. This in turn, has caused an accumulation of pests as well as foliar and soil-borne diseases. Recently, clubroot has become one of the biggest concerns of oilseed rape growers. Clubroot is caused by the soil-borne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin. The pathogen may be present in groundwater, lakes, and irrigation water used in sprinkling systems. It can be easily transmitted from one field to another not only by water, but also by soil particles and dust transmitted by wind and on machinery. The aim of our overall study was to check for P. brassicae infestation of Polish agricultural soils. This paper presents the 2012 results of a study performed along the Polish-Ukrainian border in two provinces: Lublin (Lubelskie Voivodeship) and the Carpathian Foothills (Podkarpackie Voivodeship), in south-east Poland. Monitoring was done in 11 counties, including nine rural and two municipal ones. In total, 40 samples were collected, out of which 36 were collected from fields located in rural areas and four from municipal areas, with two per municipal region. Each sample was collected at 8-10 sites per field, using a soil auger. The biotest to detect the presence of P. brassicae was done under greenhouse conditions using seedlings of the susceptible Brassicas: B. rapa ssp. pekinensis and the Polish variety of oilseed rape B. napus cv. Monolit. Susceptible plants grown in heavily infested soils produced galls on their roots. A county was regarded as free from the pathogen, if none of the bait plants became infected. The pathogen was found in three out of 40 fields monitored (7.5%) in the Carpathian Foothill region. The fields were located in two rural counties. The pathogen was not found in Lublin province, and was also not detected in any of the municipal counties. The detection with a biotest was fully confirmed by PCR-based molecular detection of P. brassicae DNA in soil samples.

EFFECT OF VARIETY AND GROWING CONDITIONS ON THE PROTEIN AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF RAPESEED

The protein content and the distribution of essential amino acids in the protein of six varieties or strains of rapeseed grown at three widely separated locations in Alberta, Beaverlodge, Edmonton and Lethbridge, were studied. Differences in protein content and amino acid distribution in the protein of the seed attributable to varietal or strain effects were noted. Turkish and Polish rapeseed were significantly lower in protein content than rapeseed of the Argentine variety. The Argentine variety and the two strains of Argentine-type studied were significantly lower in lysine than the Polish variety. Station differences in protein content approached significance at the 5 per cent level while location had a highly significant effect on the lysine content of the protein of the seed and significant effects on the histidine, arginine, phenylalanine and leucine content.

SOME ENZYMIC PROPERTIES OF A PARTIALLY PURIFIED AMINOACYLASE OBTAINED FROM A POLISH VARIETY OF RAPESEED (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L.)

Aminoacylase, which hydrolyzes N-acetyl amino acids, has been demonstrated in rapeseed. The enzyme was purified 150-fold by fractionation with ammonium sulphate and calcium phosphate gel. The purified preparation hydrolyzed N-acetyl amino acids and in addition certain dipeptides and chloracetyl-L-tyrosine. The enzyme was stable at −20 °C and had a wide pH optimum (7.2 to 8.8). Cobalt ion was found to be an activator, while sulphydryl-reacting agents such as p-chloromercuribenzoate and some metal-chelating agents inhibited the hydrolysis. The enzyme showed rigorous specificity for the L-isomer. A comparison of the ratio of activities obtained for different enzyme preparations indicates that more than one enzyme is concerned in the hydrolysis of the different substrates.

GLYCERIC ACID KINASE ISOLATED FROM A POLISH VARIETY OF RAPESEED (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L.)

Glyceric acid kinase from Polish variety rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.) was purified approximately 30-fold by ammonium sulphate fractionation and adsorption on alumina Cγ gel. The enzyme has a pH optimum at 7.9 and a pH stability range extending from 6.5 to 7.5. The maximum temperature for the reaction was 45 °C. The phosphorylation required ATP and a metal ion; Mg++ was slightly more effective than Mn++ and Co++, while Ni++ and Zn++ were ineffective. The Michaelis constants for the Mg–ATP complex and the substrate were 7.3 × 10−4 M and 1.6 × 10−3 M respectively. The reaction products, ADP and 3-phosphoglyceric acid, inhibited the phosphorylation. Sulphydryl reagents such as p-chloromercuribenzoate, o-iodosobenzoate, N-ethylmaleimide, and iodo-acetate completely inhibited the enzyme at low concentrations. 3-Phosphoglyceric acid was isolated and characterized from the enzyme reaction mixture.

GLYCERIC ACID KINASE ISOLATED FROM A POLISH VARIETY OF RAPESEED (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L.)

Glyceric acid kinase from Polish variety rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.) was purified approximately 30-fold by ammonium sulphate fractionation and adsorption on alumina Cγ gel. The enzyme has a pH optimum at 7.9 and a pH stability range extending from 6.5 to 7.5. The maximum temperature for the reaction was 45 °C. The phosphorylation required ATP and a metal ion; Mg++ was slightly more effective than Mn++ and Co++, while Ni++ and Zn++ were ineffective. The Michaelis constants for the Mg–ATP complex and the substrate were 7.3 × 10−4 M and 1.6 × 10−3 M respectively. The reaction products, ADP and 3-phosphoglyceric acid, inhibited the phosphorylation. Sulphydryl reagents such as p-chloromercuribenzoate, o-iodosobenzoate, N-ethylmaleimide, and iodo-acetate completely inhibited the enzyme at low concentrations. 3-Phosphoglyceric acid was isolated and characterized from the enzyme reaction mixture.