Application of Controllable Splitting Grouting Technology in Loess Foundation Reinforcement

Taking the foundation settlement accident of a large heating boiler foundation in a city in collapsible loess area as an example, controllable splitting grouting can be achieved by controlling the grouting pressure, grouting pipe opening form, grouting volume and grouting method etc., so as to stabilize foundation settlement and improve foundation bearing capacity, for the boiler with large uneven settlement, for boilers with large uneven settlement, quicklime piles are used to jack up the foundation after splitting grouting to stabilize the foundation, the foundation is lifted with quicklime piles after splitting grouting to stabilize the foundation. The results show that the grouting amount of soil is within the design range, the grout splits in the soil several times to form a slurry vein, the settlement is stable after boiler reinforcement, the quicklime method can jack up the foundation and reduce the uneven settlement of the foundation, and the use of controllable splitting grouting can basically eliminate the slight collapsibility grade loess, which provides a new idea for solving the similar problem of uneven settlement of collapsible loess foundation buildings.

Hybrid CHP/Geothermal Borehole System for Multi-Family Building in Heating Dominated Climates

A conventional ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) can be used to supplement heat rejection or extraction, creating a hybrid system that is cost-effective for certainly unbalanced climes. This research explores the possibility for a hybrid GCHP to use excess heat from a combined heat power (CHP) unit of natural gas in a heating-dominated environment for smart cities. A design for a multi-family residential building is considered, with a CHP sized to meet the average electrical load of the building. The constant electric output of the CHP is used directly, stored for later use in a battery, or sold back to the grid. Part of the thermal output provides the building with hot water, and the rest is channeled into the GCHP borehole array to support the building’s large heating needs. Consumption and weather data are used to predict hourly loads over a year for a specific multi-family residence. Simulations of the energies exchanged between system components are performed, and a cost model is minimized over CHP size, battery storage capacity, number of boreholes, and depth of the borehole. Results indicate a greater cost advantage for the design in a severely heated (Canada) climate than in a moderately imbalanced (Ohio) climate.

Experimental Study of the Sustainability of a Renewable-Energy-Driven Residential System With Heating Loads

The sustainability of an energy-independent system with a relatively large heating load and that is driven by multiple renewable energy sources such as a photovoltaic battery and a biofuel generator has been investigated. The utilization of renewable energy has become one of the most important areas of interest for residential houses, as seen in zero energy house trends. In particular, technologies for energy-independent residential houses that can be categorized as off-grid systems have gained importance. In this paper, the design concept and the detail of the constructed pilot scale test system comprising a photovoltaic power (PV) generator and a biofuel power generator (BFG) are explained. Experimental results prove that continuous system operation is possible based on an effective control of these multiple renewable energy sources, even for relatively large heating loads. The results also imply that usage of multiple-source renewable energy is effective for the sustainable operation of an energy-independent residential house. Moreover, optimizing the energy consumption of the energy-independent system with heating is discussed. Here, mixed integer linear programming has been applied to the system driven by multiple renewable energy sources to optimize the sustainable operation of the system. The simulation results show that it is possible to reduce the cost incurred on biofuel by about 40% as compared with that of the system driven only by biofuel energy. Consequently, multiple sources of renewable energy are effective for the sustainable operation of an energy-independent residential house even with relatively large heating loads.

Environmental impact of emissions from incineration plants in comparison to typical heating systems

In recent years, five modern municipal waste incineration plants have been built in Poland. Next ones are being constructed and at the same time building of several others is being considered. Despite positive experience with the operation of the existing installations, each project of building a new incinerator raises a lot of emotions and social protests. The main argument against construction of an incineration plant is the emission of pollutants. The work compares emissions from municipal waste incineration plants with those from typical heating plants: in the first part, for comparison large heating plants equipped with pulverized coal-fired boilers (OP-140), stoker-fired boilers (three OR-32 boilers) or gas blocks with heat output of about 100 MW have been selected, while the second part compares WR-10 and WR-25 stoker-fired boilers most popular in our heating industry with thermal treatment systems for municipal waste or refuse-derived-fuel (RDF) with similar heat output. Both absolute emission and impact - immission of pollutants in vicinity of the plant were analyzed.

The Response of an Idealized Atmosphere to Localized Tropical Heating: Superrotation and the Breakdown of Linear Theory

An equatorial heat source mimicking the strong diabatic heating above the west Pacific is added to an idealized, dry general circulation model. For small (<0.5 K day−1) heating rates the responses closely match the expectations from linear Matsuno–Gill theory, though the amplitudes of the responses increase sublinearly. This “linear” regime breaks down for larger heating rates and it is found that this is because the stability of the tropical atmosphere increases. At the same time, the equatorial winds increasingly superrotate. This superrotation is driven by stationary eddy momentum fluxes by the waves excited by the heating and is damped by the vertical advection of low-momentum air by the mean flow and, at large heating rates, by the divergence of momentum by transient eddies. These dynamics are explored in additional experiments in which the equator-to-pole temperature gradient is varied. Very strong superrotation is produced when a large heating rate is applied to a setup with a relatively weak equator-to-pole temperature gradient, though there is no evidence that this is a case of “runaway” superrotation.

Versorgung des Holzheizkraftwerkes Aubrugg durch die Zürich Holz AG – ein Erfahrungsbericht

Wood supply for the Aubrugg wood-fired combined heating-and-power-plant by Zürich Holz AG – experience so far The article addresses wood supply for a large heating plant in Switzerland, delivered by Zürich Holz AG. It describes the role of the supplier, in this case a wood marketing company, owned by the forest owners, in preparing and delivering the contracted volumes. Important factors in the success (so far) of the supply system are the reliable supply of the contracted volumes by the suppliers as well as careful organisation and monitoring of deliveries. The commercial success is based on systematic reference to the energy content of the wood. The article also addresses the measures put in place to guard against possible future reductions in wood availability.

Effect of Toluene Addition on Hydrogen Sulfide Combustion Under Claus Condition

Experimental results on the effect of different amounts of toluene addition to H2S gas stream are presented. Three toluene concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 5% in H2S are presented and compared with the baseline case of 100% H2S/air combustion. Temperature data showed that addition of toluene to H2S gas stream increases the flame temperature because of large heating value associated with toluene. Addition of toluene resulted in the production of H2, which increased with increase in the amounts of toluene addition. Furthermore, increased addition of toluene concentration increased the asymptotic value of hydrogen sulfide due to oxidation competition between the formed H2 and H2S. The results also showed that the presence of CO triggers the formation of COS with toluene addition due to reaction of CO with SO2. The results revealed that SO2 mole fraction increased to a maximum value then decayed with distance along the reactor. Addition of toluene increased the rate of SO2 decay. These results have direct impact on sulfur capture in Claus reactor performance for sulfur capture.