A Survey on Knowledge of Medical Emergencies and Its Management among the Under-Graduate (UG) Clinical Students of a Dental College in Pondicherry, India

Introduction: Dentist can encounter a medical emergency during any phase of the dental treatment. It isessential for the clinician to accurately identify and manage a life threatening situation in patients undergoingdental treatment. The aim of the present study is to assess the knowledge on medical emergencies and itsmanagement among dental clinical students of a dental college in Pondicherry.Materials and Methods: A retrospective questionnaire study was conducted among 135 under-graduate(UG) students to assess their knowledge on various medical emergency conditions and its management fromtheir level of perception in clinical postings.Results: The overall knowledge regarding identification and management of medical emergencies amongthe study population was found to be inadequate.Conclusion: Every dentist must be prepared for an emergency and believing it can be a real possibilityis of paramount importance. It cannot be completely prevented but efficiently managed with appropriateknowledge of signs, symptoms and management techniques.

Role of C-reactive Protein, Total Leukocyte count and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Indicator in Maxillofacial Infections

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of C-reactive protein (CRP), Total Leukocyte Count(TLC) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) levels as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in patientsdiagnosed with maxillofacial odontogenic infections.Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done among 30 patients with maxillofacial odontogenicinfections. Blood samples were collected at 3 intervals to detect the level of the study parameters followedby incision and drainage for all the patients under Local anesthesia.Results: The mean CRP, TLC and ESR levels gradually reduced on 5th post-operative day as compared today 1 and 3 suggestive of resolution of the infectious state.Conclusion: We conclude that CRP is required only in selective cases of maxillofacial infection wheremonitoring under intensive care will be required, else TLC alone is sufficient to indicate the presence ofinfection along with adequate medical and surgical care.

Different Techniques for Sinus Floor Elevation: A Review Part I – Direct Techniques

Insufficient bone volume is a common problem encountered in the rehabilitation of the edentulous posteriormaxilla with implant?supported prostheses. Although adequate bone height can be achieved using variousmaxillary sinus augmentation techniques, these procedures have been practiced successfully. However,significant complications occur such as perforations or tearing. To maintain the integrity of Schneiderianmembrane subsequently increasing the success rate a retrospective analysis is carried out on varioustechniques with complications which occur during and after treatment. This review will help the readers tounderstand the intricacies of sinus augmentation by using direct techniques.

COVID 19 and Pediatric Dentistry- A Narrative Review

During the present health emergency linked to the pandemic caused by corona virus(COVID 19), the efficientand safe management of children’s oral health presents a challenge to paediatric dentists. These challengescan be overcome by emphasizing on the oral disease prevention methods, and by treating paediatric dentalemergencies efficiently. Along with rigorous and highly effective infection control protocols in dental clinicalsetups, working on remote communication and health education aimed at maintaining the oral health of thechildren assumes great importance. This article, after analysing the risk factors associated with pediatricdental treatment due to COVID-19, presents a series of oral health promotion strategies, managementstrategies for pediatric dental emergencies and of dental non emergencies. New approaches and models oftreatment based on remote interaction techniques will be discussed, which can be furthur modified and usedaccordingly even after the end of the pandemic.

Different Techniques For Sinus Floor Elevation: A Review Part II – Indirect Techniques

The bone available for implant placement may be limited by the presence of the maxillary sinus togetherwith loss of alveolar bone height and it may be increased by augmentation. Minimally invasive sinusaugmentation is an effective solution for this problem. This review explains indirect sinus augmentationprocedures which are less invasive and highly successful if done using prescribed technique.

Study of Salivary Matrix to Estimate Ovulation

Introduction - The phenomenon of ovulation is a crucial phenomenon in evolution. Many modalities todetect the same have been developed and time tested. Each of them have their advantages and linked withsome shortcomings. This article unravels one more physical property of saliva which is characteristic duringthe menstrual cycle.Aim - To study the salivary matrix in women during the course of menstrual cycle.Materials and method- Early morning salivary smear was obtained from the subjects. They were madeto spit and spread the drop of saliva on slide and fix it using the alcohol spray. Each slide was labeled andassessed under the microscope with 10X magnification. The slides labeled were assessed for ferning on firstday of the menstruation cycle till the beginning of next menstruation cycle.Result - The salivary smear showed varied patterns in salivary matrix during the entire course of menstrualcycle.Conclusion - Ferning assessment is basically a qualitative test of saliva which will be evident aroundovulation. This test can be used to plan pregnancy. It cannot be used to prevent pregnancy. An appropriatereagent or kit needs to be developed in order to identify this unique phenomenon.

An Contemporary Techniques for Recording Severely Resorbed Mandibular Ridge: A Case Report

Resorption of mandibular ridges is a multifactorial and biomechanical disease that is chronic, progressive,irreversible, and cumulative leading to loss of sulcular depth, vertical dimension loss, and decreased lowerfacial height. Some common neurological, hormonal, and metabolic disorders affect the adaptability ofdentures, and this can be diagnosed by a trained prosthodontist with proper history-taking and clinicalexamination. The denture becomes passive due to complex neuromuscular control and causes difficultiesin impression-making, mastication, and swallowing, which in turn leads to loss of retention and stability incomplete dentures. The loose and unstable lower complete denture is one of the most common problemsfaced by denture patients. One of the methods used to solve this problem is the neutral zone technique.Neutral zone technique is long being used for the management of severely resorbed mandibular ridges. Thepiezography technique, a special functional approach is described in order to overcome the difficulties of themandibular denture. Piezography, prosthetic space recorded by pronunciation, can be used as a reference forarrangement of artificial teeth and polishing surface of a denture.

Prosthodontics in COVID-19 era: The Right Prospective

Since its emergence in December 2019, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted severalcountries, affecting more than 90 thousand patients and making it a global public threat. The routes oftransmission are direct contact, and droplet and possible aerosol transmissions. Due to the unique natureof dentistry, most dental procedures generate significant amounts of droplets and aerosols, posing potentialrisks of infection transmission. Understanding the significance of aerosol transmission and its implicationsin dentistry can facilitate the identification and correction of negligence in daily dental practice.

Assessment of Capability of Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramics to Reproduce the A2 Shade and to Mask A4 Substrates

Aim: Capability of lithium disilicate glass ceramics to reproduce the A2 shade and to mask A4 substrates.Materials and Method: 32 lithium disilicate ceramic specimens were classified materials into 8 groupsof 4 each. Group I- III high translucency (HT) monolayer discs, group IV- VI had low translucency (LT)monolayer discs, group VII- VIII had medium translucency (MO) bilayer discs. A2 shade tab shade guide(VITA classical A1-D4) was used for CIE L*a*b* measurements of control. Color differences using thresholdswas as follows: for imperceptible (?E < 1.0), perceptible (1.0 < ?E < 3.3), and clinically unacceptable (?E> 3.3) differences.Results: ?E in group IV exhibited highest (9.92±0.21) and group III lowest (8.08± 0.25) value. When thecomplex was compared to the A4 substrate, significant difference among all groups (p < 0.05) was found.?E values when the complex was compared to the A2 shade tab, group III exhibited highest (4.82±0.16)and group V lowest (0.72±0.06) value. In groups I specimens had acceptable differences, group II hadperceptible differences, group III had perceptible differences, group IV had acceptable differences, group Vhad imperceptible differences, group VI and VII had acceptable differences and group VIII had imperceptibledifferences.Conclusion: Authors suggested to use LT ceramics with less thickness in the range of 0.5 mm- 0.7 mm tomask discoloration.