Automation of a copper wire manufacturing process using up-casting method – subsystem for induction heating

The aim of the research presented here is to design and implement a system for automatic production of copper wire, by the method of up-casting. The subsystem for induction heating includes automatic control of the temperature of the melted as well as annealed copper, automatic regulation of the induction heating power. The induction coil was designed and made to provide proper heating of the copper wire that is produced, so that the necessary temperature can be reached and its annealing or melting obtained. The coil is made of copper tube and its temperature is regulated using forced oil flow through the tube. The system can be easily adapted to be used in automation of the process of steel wire or iron wire annealing, having in mind the electrical and magnetic properties of the steel and iron. The system was produced, tested and put to work.

Possibility of using sour cherry pits as biofuel for obtaining thermal energy

In the Republic of Serbia, sour cherries are grown on approximately 14,000 hectares and represent the fourth fruit species in terms of area. The pits that remain after the processing of sour cherries are a by-product that burdens the business of the processors of this fruit. The quantities of pits that are produced annually are estimated at around 7,000 tons. This represents a good energy potential, bearing in mind that the calorific value of sour cherry pits is around 22 MJ / kg of dry matter. An additional convenience of sour cherry pits is in their dimensions that make them suitable for direct use in pellet boilers, without any pre-treatment. One of the boilers in which it is possible to burn dried sour cherry pits in order to obtain thermal energy, is Šukoplam VENT, a manufacturer of boilers Šukom from Knjaževac. This boiler has good characteristics such as: high efficiency (up to 94%), quality of materials and workmanship, the possibility of using several types of biofuels and their quality combustion, based on which it met the requirements for Class 5 (Ecodesing) related to pollutant emissions by the latest European standards.

Investigation of the influence of relative humidity and temperature on the IOT solution with low cost air quality monitoring

Due to the rising air pollution in densely populated areas, the need for reliable and cost-effective air monitoring systems is on the rise. Low-cost off-the-shelf air quality sensors available on the market provide a good starting point as they are readily available and inexpensive but fall short when it comes to accuracy and reliability. In this paper, the influence of relative humidity and temperature on the accuracy of these sensors is analyzed. Different types of statistical models are used in order to model the measuring error of the sensors caused by relative humidity and temperature. Obtained results show that the accuracy of the off-the-shelf system can be improved by adequate compensation and a more reliable, yet inexpensive air monitoring systems could be implemented.

Possibilities of IIOT application platforms in the electrical power systems

Nowadays in the market there are different Internet of Things (IoT) devices, that are used in electrical power systems. Such IoT devices can be physically, or virtually networked, with interoperable communication protocols and intelligent interfaces. IoT technologies provide their connection to the internet, as well as connection to special services and applications. Electrical power systems have traditional Enterprise resource planning (ERP), Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), Distributed control systems (DCSs), as well as traditional industrial automation stack to achieve functional integration between the company management level and the production level. Industrial IoT (IIoT) platforms should overcome the gap between Information technology (IT) and Operational technology (OT) environments. These platforms providing a more suitable data architecture for the modern industrial automation stack. The paper presents the overview of one modern solution with the Claroty IIoT platform. Claroty delivers comprehensive and reduces the complexity of OT security.

Application of lasers in automotive industry

Laser role and couplings with vehicles and solar power are numerous and in this paper we will analyze the principles, contemporary development of special scientific areas and engineering, from the metrological point of view. This area is, in broader sense, connected to history of our planet, or since the midst of the previous century and golden age of quantum electronics. Some of the general problems have rather slow dynamics of solving, but on the other hand, considering contemporary state-of-the-art of unconventionally powered vehicles and realized components, some characteristics change conservative opinions on the realizable capacities. The main goal of this consideration is to point to the unity of problems, which might speed up the gradients of the developments in solar technology of automotive technology, by multi-disciplinary approach. Overall, we have considered both theoretical approaches and current developed systems in the fields of technology, metrology and power production and transformation.

Possibilities of implementation of photovoltaic solar panels in multi-family housing areas

Due to the increasingly dynamic climate change and the increase in the number of people in cities, renewable energy sources (RES) are contributing to a more rational use of energy. Given the importance that the use of RES in housing directly brings in terms of financial savings and reduction of CO2 emissions, the paper examines the possibility of using RES in multi-family housing from the aspect of solar energy collection and conversion respectively implementation of photovoltaic panels and electricity generation. In multi-family housing, the problem of sustainability and implementation of RES is a complex task, primarily due to the existing ways of using space and ownership, which is multi-layered, but also the need for the active involvement of the entire housing community in deci-sion-making and initiatives. The research analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of installing solar panels on the rooftops and facades of buildings, and within the common open spaces in the block, by installing solar lamps, solar power for electric vehicles, solar chargers, etc. The examina-tion of the possibilities for using solar energy was conducted on the example of the residential Block 29 in New Belgrade, using urban analysis supported by appropriate data on solar radiation for the analyzed area and Skelion software for a numerical and graphical illustration of the amount of ener-gy that can be obtained by installing photovoltaic solar panels. The paper considers two different scenarios: when panels are installed on the roofs of buildings and when they are installed in open spaces, analyzing the potential of each and the prerequisites for their implementation in practice. The results aim to compare the quantities of electricity obtained by calculation for two different scenarios.

Integration of distributed photovoltaic systems in the smart environment through FOG Computing architecture

This paper presents the concept of the integration of distributed photovoltaic systems in the smart environment. The details of the proposed integration and its operation faults related to the reduced power output of the photovoltaic system, design and implementation of services as well as architecture-related details are presented.

Application of renewable energy resources in buildings

The structure of the facilities under construction must be designed to be energy efficient. The contribution of each residential or business, production and storage facility must be viewed in the context of energy savings and transformation through a centralized system. Renewable energy sources (RES) make a significant contribution to energy efficiency in buildings, which can be combined with each other and through huge transformations from thermal to electricity, achieve huge savings. in addition to savings and efficiency, RES also affect the construction of facilities that fit into the living space and compensate for the modalities of heating-cooling-transformation-storage-sale of excess energy The paper analyzes the current state of licensing, design and construction of facilities, as well as the issuance of use permits with reference to the installation of "green" materials and the creation of an appropriate atmosphere that supports renew-able energy sources and energy efficiency.

Utilizing renewable resources – converting geothermal energy to electricity

According to the official definition, approved by the European Geothermal Energy Council (EGEC), geothermal energy is energy accumulated as heat below the surface of solid soil. Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. It is generally defined as the part of geothermal heat that can be directly utilized as heat or converted into other types of energy. Geothermal resources vary by location and depth towards the Earth's core. Their use is possible for different purposes depending on their temperature. This paper presents the harnessing geothermal resources for electricity generation. There are three main types of geothermal power plants: dry steam plants, flash steam plants, and binary cycle plants. Dry steam plants pipe hot steam from underground into turbines, which powers the generator to provide electricity. Flash steam plants pump hot water from underground into a cooler flash tank. The formed steam powers the electricity generator. Binary cycle plants pump hot water from underground through a heat exchanger that heats a second liquid to transform it into steam, which powers the generator. In all mentioned systems the used fluids are recycled. It can be concluded that geothermal power plants work similarly to other power plants, but providing the steam for starting the turbine from the earth's interior. The fact that used fluids return to the ground makes geothermal energy resources renewable.

Advanced software system for monitoring of solar panels

In this paper an advanced solar system for power supply is presented, with special attention on software improvement of system monitoring, data display and analytics in order to achieve better energy efficiency. Computer monitoring is displayed using LabView software tool with extensions and improvements using other specific techniques and technologies for data analysis. Sys-tem was tested, then commissioned in laboratory for power converters, School of Electrical engineer-ing in Belgrade.