A method of sexing the human os coxae based on logistic regressions and Bruzek's nonmetric traits

Abstract. Background: Early identification and appropriate referral services are priorities to prevent suicide. Aims: The aim of this study was to describe patterns of identification and referrals among three behavioral health centers and determine whether youth demographic factors and type of training received by providers were associated with identification and referral patterns. Method: The Early Identification Referral Forms were used to gather the data of interest among 820 youth aged 10–24 years who were screened for suicide risk (females = 53.8%). Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regressions were conducted to examine significant associations. Results: Significant associations between gender, race, and age and screening positive for suicide were found. Age and race were significantly associated with different patterns of referrals and/or services received by youths. For providers, being trained in Counseling on Access to Lethal Means was positively associated with number of referrals to inpatient services. Limitations: The correlational nature of the study and lack of information about suicide risk and comorbidity of psychiatric symptoms limit the implications of the findings. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of considering demographic factors when identifying and referring youth at risk to ensure standard yet culturally appropriate procedures to prevent suicide.

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Workaholism in Korea: Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Differences

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569744 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Sudol Kang

Keyword(s):

Demographic Variables ◽

Future Research ◽

Demographic Differences ◽

Research Directions ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Work Addiction ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Nationally Representative

This study has two objectives – to provide a Korean form of the workaholism analysis questionnaire, and to analyze workaholic tendencies in South Korea by using a nationally representative data. Using 4,242 samples (2,497 men and 1,745 women), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to develop a Korean form (K-WAQ). The four-factor structure of K-WAQ in this study seemed to adequately represent the underlying dimensions of work addiction in Korea. The study also analyzed the prevalence of workaholism among Koreans and its differences according to socio-demographic variables. Both mean difference analyses and logistic regressions were conducted. The overall result indicated that the prevalence of workaholism in Korea can be estimated to be 39.7% of the employees. The workaholic tendencies in Korea differ significantly according to gender, age, work hours, and voluntariness of choosing employment type. Practical as well as theoretical implications and future research directions are discussed.

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A Time-Based Objective Measure of Exposure to the Food Environment

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16071180 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 1180 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jason Scully ◽

Anne Moudon ◽

Philip Hurvitz ◽

Anju Aggarwal ◽

Adam Drewnowski

Keyword(s):

Food Environment ◽

Fast Food ◽

Objective Measure ◽

Mobility Patterns ◽

Time Duration ◽

Positioning Systems ◽

Global Positioning ◽

Fast Food Restaurants ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

The Relationship

Exposure to food environments has mainly been limited to counting food outlets near participants’ homes. This study considers food environment exposures in time and space using global positioning systems (GPS) records and fast food restaurants (FFRs) as the environment of interest. Data came from 412 participants (median participant age of 45) in the Seattle Obesity Study II who completed a survey, wore GPS receivers, and filled out travel logs for seven days. FFR locations were obtained from Public Health Seattle King County and geocoded. Exposure was conceptualized as contact between stressors (FFRs) and receptors (participants’ mobility records from GPS data) using four proximities: 21 m, 100 m, 500 m, and ½ mile. Measures included count of proximal FFRs, time duration in proximity to ≥1 FFR, and time duration in proximity to FFRs weighted by FFR counts. Self-reported exposures (FFR visits) were excluded from these measures. Logistic regressions tested associations between one or more reported FFR visits and the three exposure measures at the four proximities. Time spent in proximity to an FFR was associated with significantly higher odds of FFR visits at all proximities. Weighted duration also showed positive associations with FFR visits at 21-m and 100-m proximities. FFR counts were not associated with FFR visits. Duration of exposure helps measure the relationship between the food environment, mobility patterns, and health behaviors. The stronger associations between exposure and outcome found at closer proximities (<100 m) need further research.

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Disparities in access to mobile devices and e-health literacy among breast cancer survivors

Supportive Care in Cancer ◽

10.1007/s00520-021-06407-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zoe Moon ◽

Mira Zuchowski ◽

Rona Moss-Morris ◽

Myra S. Hunter ◽

Sam Norton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Mobile Devices ◽

Breast Cancer Survivors ◽

Social Deprivation ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Widespread Access ◽

The Relationship ◽

Questionnaire Pack

Abstract Background The number of e-health interventions developed for breast cancer survivors continues to increase. However, issues with engagement and retention are common. This study aimed to explore e-health literacy rates and access to smartphones and tablets in a large sample of breast cancer survivors. Methods In study 1, women were recruited from outpatient breast clinics across England and Wales. Eligible women were asked to complete a questionnaire pack to assess their access to devices and their e-health literacy. Multiple regression analyses were run to assess the relationship between technology access and e-health literacy with sociodemographic variables such as age, social deprivation, and education. Study 2 presents a smaller sample recruited through social media who answered a questionnaire relating to use of mobile devices and e-health, and apps. Results Two thousand nine women participated in the study. Seventy-one percent had access to a smartphone, 54% had access to a tablet, and 20% did not have access to either device. Multiple logistic regressions showed that women who were younger, had higher levels of education, and who were from less deprived areas were more likely to have access to either device. Poorer e-health literacy was associated with being older, having less education, and not having access to a mobile device. Conclusions Whilst the results show relatively widespread access to mobile devices, there is evidence of a digital divide across some groups. Online interventions should be developed with consideration of individuals who are less e-health-literate and less technologically adept in order to increase the likelihood of engagement.

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Determinants of waterpipe smoking among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2020-0084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Ridhwan Fauzi ◽

Chitlada Areesantichai

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Waterpipe Smoking ◽

School Students ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Past ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Peer Use ◽

Waterpipe Use

AbstractObjectivesThe study aimed to examine factors associated with past 30 days waterpipe use among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia.MethodsWe surveyed a multistage cluster random sample of 1,318 students of grade 10th and 11th from 14 schools in Jakarta. Multiple logistic regressions were employed to examine the association between past 30 days waterpipe use with sociodemographic characteristics, cigarettes smoking status, parental and peer use, availability and affordability.ResultsOf 1,318 participants, 3.3% of female and 8.4% of male currently smoked waterpipe. Multivariate analysis revealed that current waterpipe use was significantly associated with family use (AOR: 4.844, 95% CI: 1.225–19.151), friend use (AOR: 2.554, 95% CI: 1.424–4.582), and availability (AOR: 2.143, 95% CI: 1.127–4.076). Being current smokers were six times more likely (AOR: 6.055, 95% CI: 3.123–11.739) to use waterpipe in the past 30 days.ConclusionsThe finding suggests that smoking by a family member, friends, use of conventional cigarettes, and availability are significantly associated with increased probability of current waterpipe used among adolescents.

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Factors Associated with “Survivor Identity” in Men with Breast Cancer

Current Oncology ◽

10.3390/curroncol28030158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 1696-1705

Author(s):

Kathryn L. Dalton ◽

Sheila N. Garland ◽

Peggy Miller ◽

Bret Miller ◽

Cheri Ambrose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Disease Type ◽

Cancer Stage ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Term Survivor ◽

Diagnosis Age ◽

Time Since Diagnosis

Cancer patients vary in their comfort with the label “survivor”. Here, we explore how comfortable males with breast cancer (BC) are about accepting the label cancer “survivor”. Separate univariate logistic regressions were performed to assess whether time since diagnosis, age, treatment status, and cancer stage were associated with comfort with the “survivor” label. Of the 70 males treated for BC who participated in the study, 58% moderately-to-strongly liked the term “survivor”, 26% were neutral, and 16% moderately-to-strongly disliked the term. Of the factors we explored, only a longer time since diagnosis was significantly associated with the men endorsing a survivor identity (OR = 1.02, p = 0.05). We discuss how our findings compare with literature reports on the comfort with the label “survivor” for women with BC and men with prostate cancer. Unlike males with prostate cancer, males with BC identify as “survivors” in line with women with BC. This suggests that survivor identity is more influenced by disease type and treatments received than with sex/gender identities.

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Could the Evaluation of Muscle Strength Imbalances Be Used as a Predictor of Total Hip Arthroplasty?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105082 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5082

Author(s):

Tomáš Vodička ◽

Michal Bozděch ◽

Marta Gimunová ◽

Lenka Svobodová ◽

Jiří Zháněl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Clinical Predictor ◽

Total Hip ◽

Logistic Regressions

Loss of muscle strength characterizes the period before total hip arthroplasty (THA). Little is known about whether muscle strength imbalances caused by muscle strength decline could be considered another clinical predictor for THA. This study aimed to determine whether muscle imbalances may be used as a clinical predictor for THA surgery. Thirty-six participants were enrolled in the study. Eighteen patients had THA (THA group), while 18 were healthy elders (CON group). Ipsilateral (H/Q) and bilateral (% Def) muscle imbalances of the knee were assessed. THA patients showed impairment of the extensors on the affected extremity compared to those unaffected. A comparison between the groups proved there were weakened flexors in the THA group on both extremities. A comparison of the imbalances revealed a significant bilateral imbalance of the extensors and ipsilateral imbalance of both extremities in the THA group. We computed two logistic regressions using bilateral and ipsilateral imbalance as the predictors of THA surgery. We found that bilateral extensor imbalance may be used as a predictor for THA (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.22). A decrease of the bilateral extensors imbalance by 8% decreases the probability of THA by 8%. The most interesting finding is that the evaluation of the bilateral extensor imbalance may be used as another clinical predictor for THA.

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Interpersonal Predictors of Suicide Ideation and Attempt Among Early Adolescents

Professional School Counseling ◽

10.1177/2156759x211018653 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 2156759X2110186

Author(s):

Emily Sallee ◽

Kok-Mun Ng ◽

Abraham Cazares-Cervantes

Keyword(s):

School Counselors ◽

Logistic Model ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Adolescent Suicide ◽

Early Adolescents ◽

Interpersonal Theory ◽

Interpersonal Theory Of Suicide ◽

School Settings ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Shed Light

Despite the growing epidemic of suicide ideation and attempt in adolescents, there is a lack of theory-based, empirical research to shed light on these issues in this population and inform school counselors’ preventive and responsive practices. We utilized Joiner’s Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS) to examine the extent to which the interpersonal constructs of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness predicted adolescent suicide ideation and attempt by conducting two binomial logistic regressions on archival data from the 2017 eighth-grade Oregon Healthy Teens Survey. Six of the seven selected proxy items were statistically significant in each logistic model, with slight variance between the two. Our findings suggest that the interpersonal constructs of the IPTS are applicable to early adolescents and may be used to inform suicide prevention and intervention efforts among this population in school settings.

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Quality of Life, Health and the Great Recession in Spain: Why Older People Matter?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18042028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 2028

Author(s):

Carla Blázquez-Fernández ◽

David Cantarero-Prieto ◽

Marta Pascual-Sáez

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Older People ◽

Great Recession ◽

Household Income ◽

Macroeconomic Variables ◽

Crisis Period ◽

The Great Recession ◽

Health Aging ◽

Logistic Regressions

The financial crisis of 2008 precipitated the “Great Recession”. In this scenario, we took Spain as a country of study, because although it experienced significant negative shocks associated with macroeconomic variables (GDP or unemployment), its welfare indicators have been marked by limited changes. This study used data from waves 2 and 4 (years 2006–2007 and 2010–2012, respectively) of the Survey on Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Specifically, through logistic regressions we have analysed the effects of socioeconomic, demographic, health and “Great Recession” factors on the quality of life (QoL) of elders in Spain. Although QoL did not change too much during the “Great Recession”, the results confirmed the importance of several factors (such as chronicity) that affect the satisfaction with the QoL among the older people. In this regard, statistically significant effects were obtained for individual exposure to recession. Therefore, a decrease in household income in the crisis period with respect to the pre-crisis period would increase by 44% the probability of reporting a low QoL (OR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.00–2.07). Furthermore, gender differences were observed. Health and socioeconomic variables are the most significant when determining individual QoL. Therefore, when creating policies, establishing multidisciplinary collaborations is essential.

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Perspectives on a psychiatric outpatient service for immigrants and refugees in São Paulo, Brazil over a 15-year period

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/00207640211027207 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002076402110272

Author(s):

Luciana de Andrade Carvalho ◽

Laura Helena Andrade ◽

Patrícia Lin Ang ◽

Carmen Lucia Albuquerque de Santana ◽

Francisco Lotufo Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

Psychiatric Service ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Service Planning ◽

São Paulo ◽

Immigrants And Refugees ◽

Common Diagnosis ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Refugee Men

Background: Immigrants and refugees have specific mental health needs. Studies of immigrant/refugee psychiatric patients in Latin America are scarce. Aims: Present the profile of patients from an outpatient psychiatric service in Sao Paulo (Brazil) to better inform mental health service planning for immigrants and refugees in the Global South. Methods: Exploratory study to characterize the sociodemographic and mental health profile of refugees and immigrants attending outpatient psychiatric service from 2003 to 2018. Chi-square tests and logistic regressions were used to examine the association of demographic variables, exposure to violence, and immigrant status with psychiatric diagnosis. Cluster analysis was used to identify subgroups within the sample. Results: A total of 162 immigrants and refugees referred to the service obtained treatment. Of these patients, 57.4% were men, 59.8% were refugees/asylum seekers, 51.9% were Black, 48.8% were single, 64.2% had 10 years of education, and 57.4% were unemployed; the mean age of the sample was 35.9. Half of the sample (52.5%) was exposed to violence. The most common diagnosis was depression (54.2%), followed by PTSD (16.6%). Approximately 34% of the participants sought psychiatric care within 6 months of arrival. Logistic regressions showed that men had lower odds of presenting with depression (OR = 0.34). Patients with PTSD were more likely to be refugees (OR = 3.9) and not have a university degree (OR = 3.1). In the cluster analysis, a cluster of patients with PTSD included almost all Black refugee men exposed to violence. Most patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders were also Black refugee men. Conclusion: Immigrants and refugees represent a vulnerable group. The majority of the sample was Black, refugee men, who were also more likely to present with PTSD. Future studies are needed to better understand issues in treatment adherence in relation to socioeconomic characteristics.

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