Binding and Activation of Plasminogen on the Surface of Staphylococcus Aureus and Group A, C, and G Streptococci

1992 ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Pentti Kuusela ◽  
Måns Ullberg ◽  
Göran Kronvall ◽  
Olli Saksela
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Group A

Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus associated with lysogenic conversion to loss of beta-hemolysin production

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1113-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Mason ◽  
Wendall E. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Serological Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Phage Sensitivity ◽  
Lysogenic Conversion

Staphylococcus aureus strains 7-8 and 57 that produce β-hemolysin but not staphylokinase (β+K−) were lysogenically converted by certain serological group F bacteriophages to the loss of β-hemolysin production and the gain in staphylokinase production (β+K−). Serological group A phage 42E was found to convert S. aureus strains 7-8 (β+K−) and 57 (β+K−) to β − K−. Conversion of β-hemolysin by lysogenization of a serological group A phage has not previously been reported. Phage 42E conversions differed from the group F conversions since staphylokinase was not affected. This indicates that conversion to β − K+ involves separate loci on the phage chromosome. Several characteristics associated with virulence of staphylococci of human or animal origin other than staphylokinase production (coagulase, DNase, lipase, gelatinase, mannitol fermentation, and phage-sensitivity patterns) were not correlated with lysogenic conversions to loss of β-hemolysin.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary fatty acid on blood lipid profile and induced bacterial infection in rat

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Most Sumona Akter ◽  
Md Abu Yousuf ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
Most Mahfuja Khatun ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Ground nut is one of the commonly used decorative nutritious relish seed around the world. Ground nut have hypocholesterolamic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-atherosclerotic, immune-modulatory and bacterial counting effects. In Bangladesh, limited research has so far been performed on the action of ground nut in biological system and its comparative efficacy with commercialized drugs that reduce blood cholesterol. The aim of this study was carried on the effects of PUFA on blood total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) and against artificial inoculation (I/N) Staphylococcus aureus infection of experimental rat by feeding of ground nut. A total of fifteen long Evans rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used for this study. The rats were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=5) and numbered as A, B and C. Group A (control), Group B (50gm ground nut/ day/group), group C (100 gm ground nut/day/group). All groups were supplied with standard broiler pellet and fresh drinking water throughout the experimental period (January to June /2012). The blood samples were collected directly from the heart at the 1st and 60th day for biochemical test (TC, LDL, HDL and TG) and test was performed as per Memorial Diagnostic Centre, Charpara, Mymensingh. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in nutrient broth and 100 µl of their culture was inoculated into the rats through intranasal route. Among all the treated groups, the rats of group C exhibited the lowest TC value, TG and LDL and reduced blood cholesterol significantly than (control group A) followed by group B. In bacteriological examinations, it was found that the number of bacterial colony lowest in group C in comparison with the group of A and B. From the present experiment, it can be assumed that PUFA has significant effect on blood lipid profile and against bacterial infection.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 235-243

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing of Invasion-Resistant Cells Identifies Laminin α2 as a Host Factor for Bacterial Invasion

mBio ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xander M. van Wijk ◽  
Simon Döhrmann ◽  
Björn M. Hallström ◽  
Shangzhong Li ◽  
Bjørn G. Voldborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
Cellular Invasion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Laminin Α2

ABSTRACT To understand the role of glycosaminoglycans in bacterial cellular invasion, xylosyltransferase-deficient mutants of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were created using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated gene 9 (CRISPR-cas9) gene targeting. When these mutants were compared to the pgsA745 cell line, a CHO xylosyltransferase mutant generated previously using chemical mutagenesis, an unexpected result was obtained. Bacterial invasion of pgsA745 cells by group B Streptococcus (GBS), group A Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus was markedly reduced compared to the invasion of wild-type cells, but newly generated CRISPR-cas9 mutants were only resistant to GBS. Invasion of pgsA745 cells was not restored by transfection with xylosyltransferase, suggesting that an additional mutation conferring panresistance to multiple bacteria was present in pgsA745 cells. Whole-genome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) uncovered a deletion in the gene encoding the laminin subunit α2 (Lama2) that eliminated much of domain L4a. Silencing of the long Lama2 isoform in wild-type cells strongly reduced bacterial invasion, whereas transfection with human LAMA2 cDNA significantly enhanced invasion in pgsA745 cells. The addition of exogenous laminin-α2β1γ1/laminin-α2β2γ1 strongly increased bacterial invasion in CHO cells, as well as in human alveolar basal epithelial and human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Thus, the L4a domain in laminin α2 is important for cellular invasion by a number of bacterial pathogens. IMPORTANCE Pathogenic bacteria penetrate host cellular barriers by attachment to extracellular matrix molecules, such as proteoglycans, laminins, and collagens, leading to invasion of epithelial and endothelial cells. Here, we show that cellular invasion by the human pathogens group B Streptococcus, group A Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus depends on a specific domain of the laminin α2 subunit. This finding may provide new leads for the molecular pathogenesis of these bacteria and the development of novel antimicrobial drugs. IMPORTANCE Pathogenic bacteria penetrate host cellular barriers by attachment to extracellular matrix molecules, such as proteoglycans, laminins, and collagens, leading to invasion of epithelial and endothelial cells. Here, we show that cellular invasion by the human pathogens group B Streptococcus, group A Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus depends on a specific domain of the laminin α2 subunit. This finding may provide new leads for the molecular pathogenesis of these bacteria and the development of novel antimicrobial drugs.

scholarly journals The Streptococcal Protease SpeB Antagonizes the Biofilms of the Human Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus USA300 through Cleavage of the Staphylococcal SdrC Protein

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn E. Carothers ◽  
Zhong Liang ◽  
Jeffrey Mayfield ◽  
Deborah L. Donahue ◽  
Mijoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Group A ◽  
Biofilm Disruption

ABSTRACT Streptococcus pyogenes, or group A Streptococcus (GAS), is both a pathogen and an asymptomatic colonizer of human hosts and produces a large number of surface-expressed and secreted factors that contribute to a variety of infection outcomes. The GAS-secreted cysteine protease SpeB has been well studied for its effects on the human host; however, despite its broad proteolytic activity, studies on how this factor is utilized in polymicrobial environments are lacking. Here, we utilized various forms of SpeB protease to evaluate its antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against the clinically important human colonizer Staphylococcus aureus, which occupies niches similar to those of GAS. For our investigation, we used a skin-tropic GAS strain, AP53CovS+, and its isogenic ΔspeB mutant to compare the production and activity of native SpeB protease. We also generated active and inactive forms of recombinant purified SpeB for functional studies. We demonstrate that SpeB exhibits potent biofilm disruption activity at multiple stages of S. aureus biofilm formation. We hypothesized that the surface-expressed adhesin SdrC in S. aureus was cleaved by SpeB, which contributed to the observed biofilm disruption. Indeed, we found that SpeB cleaved recombinant SdrC in vitro and in the context of the full S. aureus biofilm. Our results suggest an understudied role for the broadly proteolytic SpeB as an important factor for GAS colonization and competition with other microorganisms in its niche. IMPORTANCE Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) causes a range of diseases in humans, ranging from mild to severe, and produces many virulence factors in order to be a successful pathogen. One factor produced by many GAS strains is the protease SpeB, which has been studied for its ability to cleave and degrade human proteins, an important factor in GAS pathogenesis. An understudied aspect of SpeB is the manner in which its broad proteolytic activity affects other microorganisms that co-occupy niches similar to that of GAS. The significance of the research reported herein is the demonstration that SpeB can degrade the biofilms of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, which has important implications for how SpeB may be utilized by GAS to successfully compete in a polymicrobial environment.

Selected Biological Properties of Enterotoxigenic Staphylococci Isolated from Milk

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 871-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. ABBAR ◽  
M. TAHIR MOHAMMED ◽  
S. H. ARSLAIN
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biochemical Activity ◽  
Activity Group ◽  
Group A

A total of 79 strains of staphylococci isolated from milk of mastitic cows in different Ninevah localities was divided into three groups based on biochemical activity. Group A was classified as Staphylococcus aureus. The resistance of these strains to antibiotics was: penicillin, 47.17%, streptomycin, 20.75%; erthromycin, 9.43%; and chloramphenicol, 5.66%. Most of the strains were resistant to the international phage set but were sensitive to phages 78 and 102 of the bovine phage set. Five strains produced enterotoxin C and two strains produced enterotoxin D.

scholarly journals Conjugates of Group A and W135 Capsular Polysaccharides of Neisseria meningitidis Bound to Recombinant Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin C1: Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Immunological Properties in Mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 7887-7893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Jin ◽  
Gregory A. Bohach ◽  
Joseph Shiloach ◽  
Scott E. Norris ◽  
Darón I. Freedberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Acetyl Content ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Neisseria meningitidis groups A (GAM) and W135 capsular polysaccharides (CPs) were bound to recombinant Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C1 (rSEC). The CPs were activated with 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluoroborate and then bound to adipic acid dihydrazide derivatives of rSEC. Syntheses were conducted with native GAM CP (GAMP), W135 CP (W135P), and ultrasonicated or hydrazine-treated W135P at various concentrations of reactants, pHs, and ionic strengths. The conjugates were characterized by compositional and serologic analyses, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle laser light scattering detection, and immunogenicity in 5- to 6-week-old mice. Conjugates injected subcutaneously in phosphate-buffered saline elicited immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses against their respective CPs and rSEC, whereas GAMP and W135P alone did not induce detectable CP antibodies. The O-acetyl content of W135P was low, and its removal had no adverse effect upon the conjugate's immunogenicity. Reduction of the molecular size of W135P by treatment with hydrazine improved the immunogenicity of W135P-rSEC. IgG anti-CP elicited by the conjugates showed complement-dependent bactericidal activity against their respective organisms, and IgG anti-rSEC neutralized the T-cell proliferative activity of native SEC. A bivalent formulation of GAMP-rSEC and W135P-rSEC elicited IgG anti-CP at comparable levels to those induced by the conjugates administered separately.

Morphologische Untersuchungen an Staphylokokken-Typisierungsphagen / Morphological Studies on Staphylococcal Typing Phages

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 729-732
Author(s):  
H. Frank ◽  
H. Lorbacher ◽  
H. Blobel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Middle Piece ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Staphylococcus aureus phages of serological groups A, B and C could be distinguished by the size of their plaques. Electron microscopy revealed that the phages of group A differed in the lengths of their heads and tails from those of groups B and C. The terminal knob of each of the phages appeared to be a hexagonal base plate with short spikes. In group B and C phages the base plate was presumably connected to the tail by a conical middle piece.

scholarly journals Time-Kill Activity of the Streptogramin NXL 103 against Gram-Positive and -Negative Bacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1787-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn A. Pankuch ◽  
Gengrong Lin ◽  
Catherine Clark ◽  
Peter C. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Group A ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACTAgainst 33 Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, NXL 103 MICs were 0.03 to 1 μg/ml. NXL 103 was bactericidal by 12 h at 2 × MIC against all 5 pneumococci and at 2 × MIC after 24 h against all 5 group A and B β-hemolytic streptococci. NXL 103 was bactericidal against all 8Haemophilus influenzaestrains at 2× MIC and all 5Moraxella catarrhalisstrains at 4× MIC after 24 h but was mainly bacteriostatic against 5 methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusstrains. After the exposure of one strain of each species to NXL 103 for 10 daily subcultures, the MICs remained within ±1 dilution.

Mycoses, bacterial infections and antibacterial activity in sandifies (Psychodidae) and their possible role in the transmission of leishmaniasis

Parasitology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Schlein ◽  
I. Polacheck ◽  
B. Yuval
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Group A

High incidence of mycoses were found in the guts and malpighian tubes of Phlebokomus papatasi from the Jordan Valley and P. tobbi from Zakinthos, Greece. Infections with several different bacteria were also found in the guts of female P. tobbi. Fungi cultured from guts of laboratory reared P. papatasi that had similar mycoses were identified as Aspergillus scierotiorum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fungi-infected laboratory reared P. papatasi were refractory to artificial infections with a Leishmania major strain specific to them. The crop contents of P. papatasi, where sugar meals are stored, demonstrated antibacterial activity against the following bacterial species in culture: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sonnei, Streptococcus group A and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is postulated that the bacteria-free gut normal to sandflies is effected by the bacterial inhibitor present in the crop.

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