scholarly journals The Multidimensionality of Consumption: Energy Lifestyles

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-112
Author(s):  
Markus Hadler ◽  
Beate Klösch ◽  
Stephan Schwarzinger ◽  
Markus Schweighart ◽  
Rebecca Wardana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Energy Behavior ◽  
Consumption Energy

AbstractThis chapter enhances the previous understanding of Energy Lifestyles by identifying groups with distinct patterns of energy behavior across six areas of life. In contrast to most previous studies, the identification of groups is exclusively conducted on the basis of behavior-related data, whereas the characterization of the groups follows in a second step using psychological and socio-demographic variables. This chapter explicitly considers the multidimensionality of behavior and provides a comprehensive overview of different Energy Lifestyles and their potential roles in energy transition. The finding that there are almost no “average users” points out that policy designs must go beyond average figures based on the national emission figures and need to focus on different Energy Lifestyles.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology in Roman Opaque Red Glass from the 2nd Century AD. Archaeometric Investigation in Red Sectilia from the Decoration of the Lucius Verus Villa in Rome

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2597-2611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Bandiera ◽  
Patrice Lehuédé ◽  
Marco Verità ◽  
Luis Alves ◽  
Isabelle Biron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Colorimetric Analysis ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Colorimetric Measurements ◽  
Shed Light

This work aims to characterise the chemical composition of Roman opaque red glass sectilia dated to the 2nd century A.D and to shed light on Roman glassmaking production of different shades of red, from red to reddish-brown. Due to the lack of technical historical sources for this period many questions about technological aspects still remain. In this project a multi-disciplinary approach is in progress to investigate the red glass sectilia with several red hues from the Imperial Villa of Lucius Verus (161–169 A.D.) in Rome. First, colorimetric measurements were taken to identify the various red hues. The second step was chemical characterization of the samples and the identification of crystalline colouring phases. Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) analysis was used to investigate the chemical composition of these glass samples, while the crystalline phases were identified by Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electrons Microscope with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDS). Using SEM-EDS nanoparticles were detected as a colouring agent, the chemical composition and the morphology of which has been studied in depth. This information has been compared with the colorimetric analysis to establish any correlation with the different colour hues.

scholarly journals Sobre una caracterización 'corbuseriana' del mobiliario moderno

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Villanueva Fernández ◽  
Héctor García-Diego
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Modern Equipment ◽  
The Real ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

Resumen: A partir de 1920 Le Corbusier comenzó a elaborar un cuerpo teórico sobre el diseño de objetos que iría difundiendo a través de sus escritos y conferencias. Libros como Vers une architecture, L´art décoratif d´aujourd´hui o Précisions sur un état présent de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme han constituído un rico legado de ideas e imágenes interrelacionadas que permiten analizar la propuesta del arquitecto desde el plano de la teoría. Sin embargo, el poder de sus postulados fue continuamente experimentado y corroborado por su obra en materia de mobiliario, hasta el punto de establecerse relaciones directas entre teoría y obra. Esta evolución conjunta proporciona una completa visión del concepto de mobiliario moderno desarrollado por Le Corbusier. Por tanto, esta investigación persigue, por un lado, sacar a la luz un verdadero cuerpo teórico de cuño 'corbuseriano' y específico del equipamiento moderno, haciendo especial mención a los postulados y dibujos originales del arquitecto y, por otro, comprobar la correspondencia real entre sus teorías y sus obras mediante el análisis de una escogida selección de obras del arquitecto pertenecientes al periodo de entreguerras, para, finalmente, ofrecer una caracterización 'corbuseriana' del mobiliario moderno. Abstract: From 1920 Le Corbusier began to develop a theoretical body on the objects design that went spreading through his writings and lectures. Books like Vers une architecture, L'art décoratif d'aujourd'hui or Précisions sur un état présent de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme have constituted a rich legacy of interlinked ideas and images to analyze the proposal of the architect from the level of theory. However, the power of its principles was continuously experienced and corroborated by his work in furniture, to the point of establishing direct relations between theory and work. This joint development provides a comprehensive overview of modern furniture concept developed by Le Corbusier. Therefore, this research aims on the one hand, to expose a 'Corbusian' and specific theoretical body of modern equipment, with special reference to the principles and original drawings by the architect; and, secondly, to check the real correspondence between his theories and works by analyzing a choice selection of works by the architect belonging to the interwar period, to finally offer a 'Corbusian' characterization of modern furniture.Palabras clave: Teoría; mobiliario; moderno; escritos. Keywords: Theory; furniture; modern; writings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.569 

Energy transition characterization of 1.18 and 1.3 μm bands of bismuth fiber by spectroscopy of the transient oscillations

2011 ◽  
Vol 98 (19) ◽  
pp. 191108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Gumenyuk ◽  
Konstantin Golant ◽  
Oleg G. Okhotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Transient Oscillations

scholarly journals Investment Determinants in Self-Consumption Facilities: Characterization and Qualitative Analysis in Spain

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ángel Gimeno ◽  
Eva Llera ◽  
Sabina Scarpellini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Investment Determinants ◽  
Private Investments ◽  
Faster Development

Self-consumption energy facilities are presented as viable and sustainable solutions in the energy transition scenario in which many countries are immersed. However, they rely on dispersed and private investments in the territory. Given the uneven growth in the number of self-consumption facilities in Europe, the main objective of this study is to identify and measure the investment determinants in self-consumption facilities. To this end, the main influential incentives and barriers are identified through the aggregate analysis of the regulatory framework for self-consumption in several European countries, and the empirical characterization of Spanish facilities as a multiple case study, to define the common features of the investments made. The technical, economic, and financial characterization of real self-consumption facilities in climatic zones of southern Europe is a significant contribution of the present work. There are few samples of this type in the studies published to date, which have mainly been prepared from case studies or statistical data without identifying particular facilities. Cost-related variables have been identified as the most important variables in private investment decisions, and potential influential factors on these variables that could be regulated have been pointed out as relevant. It is also worth highlighting the elaboration of an analytical framework based on this conceptual approach, which has been proven to be useful to depict regulatory scenarios and to compare the positioning for the development of self-consumption systems in different countries. A model that transfers the influence of the determining factors to the deployment of self-consumption under specific regulatory scenarios has been developed and applied to the case of Spain. As a general reflection, to increase the adoption of this kind of technology and encourage consumers to make private investments, policies for renewable energy must consider self-consumption and microgeneration as the main axis, by increasing the availability of energy when necessary. For instance, the promotion of energy storage from these kinds of facilities could receive priority treatment, as well as rewarding the electricity surplus in the interests of security of supply in a period of energy transition towards a new, more sustainable model. Incentive schemes, aids to compensate for the additional costs resulting from the battery storage or easing restrictions in terms of contracted power would foreseeably increase the rates of adoption of the technology, favoring its faster development in terms of research and development and product innovation.

scholarly journals Genome-wide microsatellite characteristics of five human Plasmodium species, focusing on Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale curtisi

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Vivek Bhakta Mathema ◽  
Supatchara Nakeesathit ◽  
Nicholas J. White ◽  
Arjen M. Dondorp ◽  
Mallika Imwong
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Plasmodium Malariae ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Malaria Species ◽  
Repeated Motifs ◽  
Reference Genomes ◽  
Human Plasmodium

Microsatellites can be utilized to explore genotypes, population structure, and other genomic features of eukaryotes. Systematic characterization of microsatellites has not been a focus for several species of Plasmodium, including P. malariae and P. ovale, as the majority of malaria elimination programs are focused on P. falciparum and to a lesser extent P. vivax. Here, five human malaria species (P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale curtisi, and P. knowlesi) were investigated with the aim of conducting in-depth categorization of microsatellites for P. malariae and P. ovale curtisi. Investigation of reference genomes for microsatellites with unit motifs of 1–10 base pairs indicates high diversity among the five Plasmodium species. Plasmodium malariae, with the largest genome size, displays the second highest microsatellite density (1421 No./Mbp; 5% coverage) next to P. falciparum (3634 No./Mbp; 12% coverage). The lowest microsatellite density was observed in P. vivax (773 No./Mbp; 2% coverage). A, AT, and AAT are the most commonly repeated motifs in the Plasmodium species. For P. malariae and P. ovale curtisi, microsatellite-related sequences are observed in approximately 18–29% of coding sequences (CDS). Lysine, asparagine, and glutamic acids are most frequently coded by microsatellite-related CDS. The majority of these CDS could be related to the gene ontology terms “cell parts,” “binding,” “developmental processes,” and “metabolic processes.” The present study provides a comprehensive overview of microsatellite distribution and can assist in the planning and development of potentially useful genetic tools for further investigation of P. malariae and P. ovale curtisi epidemiology.

scholarly journals Modelling Influential Factors of Consumption in Buildings Connected to District Heating Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica Maljkovic
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Heat Consumption ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

Assessing the influential factors on measured (or allocated) heat consumption in district heating systems is often limited by the available data. Within a project of modelling consumption in district heating systems in Croatia for the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Environment, an access to a complete billing database of the largest Croatian district heating company was granted. The company supplies approximately 126,400 final consumers (both households and businesses) over 375 km of distribution network. The billing database has 40 vectors in a few million single inputs. In addition to these data, a questionnaire is distributed to the final consumers in several buildings labelled as “model buildings”, gathering behavioural and demographic data of final consumers (such as occupancy, mode of space usage, heat comfort level, age of occupants, etc.). The two sets of data are then merged, and a correlation analysis is performed. Furthermore, a two-step regression analysis is performed based on variables from billing database in the first step, with added behavioural and demographic variables obtained from the questionnaires in the second step. The models from two steps are compared, tested and interpreted. Results of the most influential factors on heat consumption in district heating systems are given and the influence of the behavioural/demographic variables on the prediction accuracy of heating consumption is interpreted.

scholarly journals Cloning and Characterization of Four Genes of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii Involved in Exopolysaccharide Production and Nodulation

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert A. T. van Workum ◽  
Hayo C. J. Canter Cremers ◽  
André H. M. Wijfjes ◽  
Christa van der Kolk ◽  
Carel A. Wijffelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Overlapping Genes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Exopolysaccharide Production ◽  
Polysaccharide Synthesis ◽  
Gene Mutant

Four different genes of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. tri-folii strain RBL5599 involved in exopolysaccharide (EPS) production were identified by complementation of Tn5-induced EPS-deficient mutants (Exo mutants) with a cosmid bank. On one cosmid pssA was located, which was found to be almost identical to the pss4 gene from R. leguminosarum bv. viciae VF39 and highly homologous to a family of glycosyl transferases. Two pssA mutants, exo2 and exo4, were characterized and found to produce 19 and 1% of the wild-type amount of EPS, respectively. The three other genes were found to be closely linked on a different complementing cosmid. pssC revealed similarity to exoM and exoW of R. meliloti, both encoding glucosyl transferases involved in the synthesis of succinoglycan. A mutation in this gene (mutant exo50) did reduce EPS synthesis to 27% of the wild-type amount. We found an op-eron closely linked to pssC, consisting of two overlapping genes, pssD and pssE, that is essential for EPS production. Homology of pssD and pssE was found with cps14F and cps14G of Streptococcus pneumoniae, respectively: two genes responsible for the second step in capsule polysaccharide synthesis. Furthermore, pssD and pssE were homologous to the 5′ and 3′ parts, respectively, of spsK of Sphingomonas S88, which encodes a putative glycosyl transferase. Structural analysis of EPS produced by Exo mutants exo2, exo4, and exo50 showed it to be identical to that of the parental strain RBL5599, with the exception of acetyl groups esterified to one of the glucose residues being absent.

Characterization of the Quorum Sensing Regulon in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

2013 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigde Mamani ◽  
Yan Denis ◽  
Danielle Moinier ◽  
Mohamad Sabbah ◽  
Laurent Soulère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mineral Surface ◽  
Homoserine Lactones ◽  
The Moment

Bioleaching is the solubilization of metals from ores by microorganisms. This process is more efficient than conventional methods in the metal recovery from low grade ores while decreasing the operating cost and the environmental impact. Among the bioleaching bacteria, the Gram-negative chemolithoautotrophic acidophilic Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans has the ability to adhere to mineral surface and to form biofilm. The genes involved in the production of this biofilm are controlled by a cellular communication system called Quorum Sensing (QS). The QS occurs mainly through the production of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). A functional QS system has been identified in At. ferrooxidans with an acyl synthase (AfeI) and a transcriptional regulator (AfeR). Here, our purpose is to characterize the quorum sensing regulon and particularly the genes involved in biofilm formation in At. ferrooxidans. This has been done by cell adhesion experiments comparing At. ferrooxidans grown with or without Tetrazol, an AHL analogue that activates the cell adhesion to mineral surface. The second step has been to compare the expression of some genes predicted to be involved in the QS regulon in At. ferrooxidans grown in the presence/absence of Tetrazol using real-time PCR. These two different strategies are expected to give insight on the moment at which the At. ferrooxidans QS regulon is switched on. The formation of biofilm could improve the bioleaching operation and therefore the understanding of the QS regulon is of primordial importance.

Nature and characterization of the singlet and triplet excited states of the dibenzylideneacetone and di-3-(N-ethylcarbazoylidene)acetone bridging ligands

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2777-2784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre D. Harvey ◽  
Benoit Daoust
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Bridging Ligands ◽  
Fluorescence Quantum Yields ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Triplet Excited States ◽  
First Time

The lowest energy singlet state in di-3-(N-ethylcarbazoylidene)acetone (dNECa), a luminescent model compound at room temperature for dibenzylideneacetone (dba), has been assigned to a charge transfer (CT) state using the medium polarity effect on λmax(F) and the fluorescence polarized spectra of dNECa at 77 K. The dNECa fluorescence quantum yields [Formula: see text] and lifetimes (τF) are solvent sensitive where both [Formula: see text] and τF tend to increase with polarity. The very weak and moderately structured phosphorences have been located for the first time for both dba and dNECa in the 550–800 nm range and are also assigned to a CT state. In this case the CT interactions are less pronounced than λ(0–0)P and τP are much less solvent sensitive. Finally, EHMO type calculations confirm that the CT transition is the lowest energy transition in dba and di-3-(N-methylindoylidene)acetone (a model compound for dNECa), but also suggest that the nπ* state must lie near the CT state in dba.

scholarly journals Characterization of Glucomannan Extracted from Fresh Porang Tubers Using Ethanol Technical Grade

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nurlela Nurlela ◽  
Nina Ariesta ◽  
Dwi Sutari Laksono ◽  
Edi Santosa ◽  
Tjahja Muhandri
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Concentration Method ◽  
Fixed Concentration ◽  
Low Levels

Glucomannan is a polysaccharide consisting of β-1.4-linked D-mannose and D-glucose monomers, which have many benefits especially in the food and pharmaceutical industry. It has been widely reported that one of the main sources of glucomannan is porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume). Generally, glucomannan extracted or purified from porang flour. However, the drying process causes other compounds than glucomannan stick strongly, resulting low levels of glucomannan. This study was to obtain glucomannan extract in an easy, effective, and inexpensive method, by direct extraction from fresh porang tubers using ethanol technical grade. We performed two extraction methods. The first is a fixed concentration method, the sample was repeatedly extracted using 50% ethanol (FC50) and 96% ethanol (FC96) 3 times, respectively. The second is a multilevel concentration method, the sample was repeatedly extracted using ethanol 60% (first step), 80% (second step), and 96% (third step), one replication each step. The highest glucomannan content (66.56%) was obtained by a multilevel concentration method. Moisture, lipid, protein, crude fiber, calcium oxalate level significantly reduce to 13.58%, 0.07%, 4.03%, 4.95%, 0.56% respectively. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of functional groups (O-H, C=O, C-O, C-H), that compose the glucomannan compound. SEM image showed that the granules form of glucomannan were round and oval, began to change its phase from amorphous to crystalline, related to XRD data. The results showed that the direct extraction from fresh porang tuber using ethanol technical grade with a multilevel concentration method was an effective method to extract the glucomannan

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