Influence of Heat Treatment on Structure and Charge Capacity of Sol–Gel Produced TiO2 Films

2014 ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Orhan Özdemir ◽  
Fatma Pınar Gökdemir ◽  
Bahadır Keskin ◽  
Kubilay Kutlu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
Charge Capacity

Study on the Cracking of SiO2-TiO2 Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 1227-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Kai Ming Liang ◽  
Hua Shao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
Cracking Behavior ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Expansion Coefficients

In this paper, the cracking behavior of sol-gel-derived SiO2-TiO2 films on glass-ceramics substrates is characterized by means of DTA, XRD and SEM. The SiO2-TiO2 films are deposited by sol-gel dip coating with tetrabutyl orthotitanate (Ti(OBu)4) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as raw precursors. The result shows that the cracking of the films is mainly related to the surface cleanliness of the substrate, the thermal expansion coefficients of the film and the substrate, the viscosity of the mixed sol, and the unbalanced stress produced during drying and heating process. The films without cracks were obtained by modifying the composition of sol and controlling the relative humidity and the heating rate of heat treatment.

Effect of MCl (M = Na, K) addition on microstructure and electrical conductivity of forsterite

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 10901
Author(s):  
Saloua El Asri ◽  
Hamid Ahamdane ◽  
Lahoucine Hajji ◽  
Mohamed El Hadri ◽  
Moulay Ahmed El Idrissi Raghni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Transmission Spectra ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Cation Type ◽  
Edx Analyses ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Forsterite single phase powder Mg2SiO4 was synthesized by sol–gel method alongside with heat treatment, using two different cation alkaline salts MCl as mineralizers (M = Na, K) with various mass percentages (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%). In this work, we report on the effect of the cation type and the added amount of used mineralizer on microstructure and electrical conductivity of Mg2SiO4. The formation of forsterite started at 680–740  °C and at 630–700  °C with KCl and NaCl respectively, as shown by TG-DTA and confirmed by XRD. Furthermore, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) transmission spectra indicated bands corresponding to vibrations of forsterite structure. The morphology and elemental composition of sintered ceramics were examined by SEM-EDX analyses, while their densities, which were measured by Archimedes method, increased with addition of both alkaline salts. The electrical measurements were performed by Complex Impedance Spectroscopy. The results showed that electrical conductivity increased with the addition of both mineralizers, which was higher for samples prepared with NaCl than those prepared with KCl.

Fabrication of F–Nb co-doped transparent conducting TiO2 films using the sol-gel method

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 105675
Author(s):  
Yang Ren ◽  
Haiyan He ◽  
Yunwei Wang ◽  
Ying Gong ◽  
Gaoyang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transparent Conducting ◽  
Co Doped

LiNiO2 Thin Films Fabricated by Diffusion of Li on Ni Tapes

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 505-508
Author(s):  
Cheol Jin Kim ◽  
In Sup Ahn ◽  
Kwon Koo Cho ◽  
Sung Gap Lee ◽  
Jun Ki Chung
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Cold Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Tube Furnace ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Cold Rolling And Annealing

LiNiO2 thin films for the application of cathode of the rechargeable battery were fabricated by Li ion diffusion on the surface oxidized NiO layer. Bi-axially textured Ni-tapes with 50 ~ 80 μm thickness were fabricated using cold rolling and annealing of Ni-rod prepared by cold isostatic pressing of Ni powder. Surface oxidation of Ni-tapes were conducted using tube furnace or line-focused infrared heater at 700 °C for 150 sec in flowing oxygen atmosphere, resulted in NiO layer with thickness of 400 and 800 μm, respectively. After Li was deposited on the NiO layer by thermal evaporation, LiNiO2 was formed by Li diffusion through the NiO layer during subsequent heat treatment using IR heater with various heat treatment conditions. IR-heating resulted in the smoother surface and finer grain size of NiO and LiNiO2 layer compared to the tube-furnace heating. The average grain size of LiNiO2 layer was 0.5~1 μm, which is much smaller than that of sol-gel processed LiNiO2. The reacted LiNiO2 region showed homogeneous composition throughout the thickness and did not show any noticeable defects frequently found in the solid state reacted LiNiO2, but crack and delamination between the reacted LiNiO2 and Ni occurred as the reaction time increased above 4hrs.

The Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of SWNTs Doped ZnO/TiO2 Compound Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1611-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Xin Li Li ◽  
Wei Nie ◽  
Yong Mei Xia ◽  
Jian Feng Dai
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The ZnO/TiO2 composite films were deposited over glass using spin coating technique by sol-gel process. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were used to modify the ZnO/TiO2 films successfully in this paper. The structure and composition of the ZnO/TiO2 composite and SWNTs doped ZnO/TiO2 composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic activity was investigated by photocatalytic degradation of aqueous methyl orange under ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The UV-vis absorption spectra of the ZnO/TiO2 films and SWNTs doped ZnO/TiO2 films in the wavelength region 200~800 nm were obtained. The results indicate that the SWNTs addition can decrease the grain size of ZnO/TiO2, which can enhance the photocatalytic activity. UV-vis absorption spectra of SWNTs-ZnO/TiO2 showed obvious blue shifts compared with ZnO/TiO2. The optimal amount of doping SWNTs is 1% according to this research. The enhanced mechanism of the SWNTs for the photocatalytic activity in ZnO/TiO2 films was analyzed in this article.

Alternate coating and porosity as dependent factors for the photocatalytic activity of sol–gel derived TiO2 films

2011 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhas R. Patil ◽  
B.H. Hameed ◽  
Andrijana Sever Škapin ◽  
Urška Lavrenčič Štangar
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tio2 Films

Preferred Orientations for Sol-Gel Derived Plzt Thin Layers

1993 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Tani ◽  
Zhengkui Xu ◽  
David A. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Energy Conditions ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Interfacial Chemistry ◽  
Si Substrates

AbstractPLZT thin layers were deposited onto various substrates by sol-gel methods, and crystallized under different conditions and substrate treatments. Relationships are given for the chemical characteristics of the substrate's surface and the preferred orientations which develop on heat treatment. A preferred (111) orientation always developed for perovskite crystallized on Pt layers which contained Ti on the surface. This was attributed to the formation of Pt3Ti and the role of heteroepitaxial nucleation and growth sites. In addition, a preferred (100) orientation was also obtained on unannealed Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates which were free of Ti on the surface. This was attributed to self-textured growth with flat faces striving for minimum surface energy conditions. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of interfacial chemistry on the control of texture for crystallization of PLZT thin layers on coated substrates.

Sol-Gel Derived Titania/Hydroxyapatite Layer on Titanium Substrate

2011 ◽  
Vol 117-119 ◽  
pp. 332-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Yan Wang ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Jing Pei Xie ◽  
Gao Lu ◽  
Xiao Ming Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Titanium Substrate ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Coating Method

In this study, calcium nitrate(Ca(NO3)2•4H2O) and phosphorus pentoxide(P2O5) were used as precursor to prepare hydroxyapatite(HA) layer by sol-gel method, followed by a dipping-coating method to coat HA layer onto Ti. Phase formation and microstructure were investigated by XRD and SEM to study the influence of atmosphere on the property of HA layer. The results revealed that there exists no large cracks in the layer which was heated in the nitrogen, leading to a good surface quality compared with the layer which was heated in the air. And there is no obvious difference in crystallinity and volume fraction of HA in the layer when adopting heat treatment in different atmospheres.

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