The Tropics and the World Demand for Animal Protein

A dificuldade em suprir a demanda de proteína de origem animal de excelente valor biológico para a população humana é uma das maiores preocupações do nosso século. De acordo com a FAO, a atividade pesqueira (pesca extrativa e aquicultura), será uma das principais atividades responsáveis pela segurança alimentar do planeta, com previsões de produção de proteína de origem animal para a próxima década maior do que o setor de animais de abate (carnes bovinas, suínas e aves). A utilização de recursos pesqueiros subutilizados com potencial para explotação poderá assegurar a manutenção da oferta primária de matéria prima no mercado interno local e/ou regional, e inibir oscilação de preços, como a prática da mariscagem. Neste contexto, o presente artigo de revisão tem por objetivo evidenciar o potencial da Anomalocardia brasiliana para explotação e processamento contribuindo para o fortalecimento desta cadeia produtiva no segmento artesanal e diversificação de produtos no mercado brasileiro.The production of clams and its potential for development of new products based on fish Abstract: The difficulty in supplying the animal protein demand of great biological value for the human population is a major concern of our century. According to the FAO, the fishery (extractive fishing and aquaculture), will be one of the main activities responsible for food safety in the world, with animal protein production forecasts for the next decade longer than the slaughter of animals sector (beef, pork and poultry). The use of fishing resources with underutilized potential for exploitation can ensure the maintenance of primary supply of raw materials on-site domestic and / or regional, and inhibit movement of prices, as the practice of shellfish. In this context, the present review aims to highlight the potential of Anomalocardia brasiliana to exploitation and processing contributing to the strengthening of this production chain in the craft segment and product diversification in the Brazilian market.

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SIL Implementation on Safety Functions in Mass Transit System

International Journal of Mathematical Engineering and Management Sciences ◽

10.33889/ijmems.2018.3.3-018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 258-270

Author(s):

James Li

Keyword(s):

Mass Transit ◽

Control Technology ◽

Transit System ◽

Safety Integrity Level ◽

Iec 61508 ◽

Safety Function ◽

Defense Technology ◽

The World ◽

World Demand ◽

En 50129

The concept of Safety Integrity Level (SIL) has been developed within different systems of standards (IEC 61508, EN50129 and DEF-STAN 00-56). These standards are applied in different areas: control technology (IEC 61508), railway technology (EN50128 and EN 50129), and defense technology (DEF-STAN-00-56). Nowadays, a lot of the mass transit turnkey projects around the world demand the contractors to follow CENELEC standards and SIL concept for the safety function implementation. Although the concept of SIL is mentioned in these standards, the interpretation of the concept of SIL in these standards is not consistent and unequivocal. This paper is written to elaborate the anomalies of SIL interpretation among these various standards in order for safety engineers to obtain a more detailed view on the concept of SIL over these standards.

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Molecular assessment of native fish diversity in UNESCO heritage site, Tasik Raban, using DNA barcoding

ARPHA Conference Abstracts ◽

10.3897/aca.4.e65039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Ramizah Abdull Rahman ◽

Nurul Fizatul Nabilah Osman ◽

Adibah Abu Bakar ◽

Syazwan Saidin ◽

Intan Faraha Abdul Ghani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Dna Barcode ◽

Diversity Management ◽

Freshwater Fishes ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Freshwater Species ◽

Heritage Site ◽

Online Databases ◽

The World

Freshwater species are the most threatened group to be assessed to date by the IUCN. Freshwater fish has enormous importance as animal protein supplies for human, and it is estimated that 6% of the world annual animal protein supplies come from freshwater fishes. Barcoding projects have been initiated all over the world and the field is constantly growing. In Malaysia however, the field has not been deeply investigated and not many barcoding projects have been undertaken especially for freshwater fishes. The aim of our study is to support the progress of DNA barcode project, especially for inland reservoirs like Tasik Raban, Perak. A Standard methodology using Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) marker was developed to ensure native fishes are barcoded taxonomically and molecularly and ready to be accessed through online databases. Such public references can help increase awareness on local fish diversity management. Information on taxonomy and molecular characterization can be used to plan further conservation programmed especially for depleted, unrecognized, and cryptic native species.

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A note on kidney weight in Large White pigs reared in the humid tropics of southern Nigeria

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600041344 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 98 (1) ◽

pp. 229-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. Alaku ◽

J. Steinbachf

Keyword(s):

Humid Tropics ◽

High Grade ◽

Direct Effects ◽

Kidney Weight ◽

Large White ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Laboratory Rats ◽

The World ◽

The Tropics ◽

Production Industry

Various species of animals, ranging from ordinary laboratory rats to some high-grade beef and dairy cattle, have been imported from the temperate regions of the world to Nigeria in recent years. Most favoured are Large White pigs and this breed of livestock is proving to have very great potential in the livestock production industry in this part of the tropics. Temperate breeds of livestock when introduced to the tropics are said to decline in their general performance, owing partly to direct effects of high ambient temperatures(Yousef & Johnson, 1965). Some generalized statements have also been made on the adverse effects of tropical climate on growth though very little objective field experimental evidence exists (Williamson & Payne, 1978).

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Receivers

Isles of Noise ◽

10.5149/northcarolina/9781469628691.003.0003 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Alejandra Bronfman

Keyword(s):

Emerging Technology ◽

New Markets ◽

New Yorker ◽

Amateur Radio ◽

The World ◽

Radio Technology ◽

The Caribbean ◽

The Creation ◽

Material Conditions ◽

The Tropics

Picking up in the early 1920s, this chapter tracks the shift of radio technology from military to commercial uses. It follows linkages among the changing material conditions for Caribbean workers, the radio industry’s search for materials like mica and bakelite, and the generation of new markets. Having placed broadcasting in its ecological and political contexts, the chapter uses the trajectories of two amateur radio operators, John Grinan, a New Yorker/Jamaican son of a plantation owner and a member of the team which produced the first transatlantic wireless signals, and Frank Jones, an American plantation manager in Cuba, famous for his self-promoting shortwave transmissions to recover the world of the tinkerers’ romance with an ether jammed with distant sounds. It traces the creation of audiences and publics for the emerging technology, arguing that radio appealed to listeners not because it shrank distances, but because it underscored them, demarcating the Caribbean as exotic and remote. Ironically, it was the deeper technological connections that would propel the mapping of these imagined boundaries between the “tropics” and “the world.”

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The genus Waltheria in southern Africa

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v13i3/4.1316 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 13 (3/4) ◽

pp. 275-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. C. Verdoorn

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

South West ◽

The World ◽

Northern Cape ◽

South West Africa ◽

The Tropics

Waltheria indica L., the only species of Waltheria represented in southern Africa, is revised. This species, which occurs throughout the tropics and substropics of the world, is found abundantly in the northern Cape, Swaziland, northern Natal, Transvaal and northwards through South West Africa/Namibia and Botswana. Thoughout its wide distribution the species is uniform. A scrutiny o f herbarium specimens revealed that what appeared as a distinct species or subspecies was without doubt an abnormality, probably caused by insect injury.

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Managing the Network of Supply and Demand at AGL Energy

Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals Cases ◽

10.1108/case.cscmp.2018.000017 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Tim Coltman ◽

Peter Reynolds ◽

Frank Schlosser ◽

Alan Thorogood

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Supply Chain Management ◽

Real Time ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Price Variability ◽

Chain Management ◽

Customer Churn ◽

The World ◽

World Demand

AGL Energy operates in one of the most fiercely competitive markets in the world. Demand is volatile with high customer churn rates and supply procurement is real time with huge price variability. These characteristics make supply chain management difficult and the case study describes how information is used to match supply with demand.

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Ni-Based Complexes in Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Processes

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10050498 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 498

Author(s):

Giyjaz E. Bekmukhamedov ◽

Aleksandr V. Sukhov ◽

Aidar M. Kuchkaev ◽

Dmitry G. Yakhvarov

Keyword(s):

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Petrochemical Industry ◽

Nickel Catalysts ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Ethylene Oligomerization ◽

Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Main Method ◽

The World ◽

World Demand ◽

Alpha Olefins

Linear alpha-olefins are widely used in the petrochemical industry and the world demand for these compounds increases annually. At present, the main method for producing linear alpha-olefins is the homogeneous catalytic ethylene oligomerization. This review presents modern nickel catalysts for this process, mainly systems for obtaining of one of the most demanded oligomer—1-butene—which is used for the production of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE). The dependence of the catalytic performance on the composition and the structure of the used activated complexes, the electronic and coordination states of the nickel center was considered.

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Validation of six years of TES tropospheric ozone retrievals with ozonesonde measurements: implications for spatial patterns and temporal stability in the bias

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ◽

10.5194/amt-6-1413-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 1413-1423 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

W. W. Verstraeten ◽

K. F. Boersma ◽

J. Zörner ◽

M. A. F. Allaart ◽

K. W. Bowman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

A Priori ◽

Temporal Stability ◽

Lower Troposphere ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Upper Troposphere ◽

The World ◽

The Difference ◽

The Tropics

Abstract. In this analysis, Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) V004 nadir ozone (O3) profiles are validated with more than 4400 coinciding ozonesonde measurements taken across the world from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) during the period 2005–2010. The TES observation operator was applied to the sonde data to ensure a consistent comparison between TES and ozonesonde data, i.e. without the influence of the a priori O3 profile needed to regulate the retrieval. Generally, TES V004 O3 retrievals are biased high by 2–7 ppbv (7–15%) in the troposphere, consistent with validation results from earlier studies. Because of two degrees of freedom for signal in the troposphere, we can distinguish between upper and lower troposphere mean biases, respectively ranging from −0.4 to +13.3 ppbv for the upper troposphere and +3.9 to +6.0 ppbv for the lower troposphere. Focusing on the 464 hPa retrieval level, broadly representative of the free tropospheric O3, we find differences in the TES biases for the tropics (+3 ppbv, +7%), sub-tropics (+5 ppbv, +11%), and northern (+7 ppbv, +13%) and southern mid-latitudes (+4 ppbv, +10%). The relatively long-term record (6 yr) of TES–ozonesonde comparisons allowed us to quantify temporal variations in TES biases at 464 hPa. We find that there are no discernable biases in each of these latitudinal bands; temporal variations in the bias are typically within the uncertainty of the difference between TES and ozonesondes. Establishing these bias patterns is important in order to make meaningful use of TES O3 data in applications such as model evaluation, trend analysis, or data assimilation.

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