scholarly journals New Technologies and Deterrence: Artificial Intelligence and Adversarial Behaviour

2020 ◽  
pp. 401-417
Author(s):  
Alex Wilner ◽  
Casey Babb
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
National Security ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Human Cost ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Military Engagement ◽  
Defensive Measures ◽  
Severity Of Punishment ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractOffering a critical synthesis of extant insights into technological developments in AI and their potential ramifications for international relations and deterrence postures, this chapter argues that AI risks influencing military deterrence and coercion in unique ways: it may alter cost-benefit calculations by removing the fog of war, by superficially imposing rationality on political decisions, and by diminishing the human cost of military engagement. It may recalibrate the balance between offensive and defensive measures, tipping the scales in favour of pre-emption, and undermine existing assumptions imbedded in both conventional and nuclear deterrence. AI might altogether remove human emotions and eliminate other biological limitations from the practice of coercion. It may provide users the ability to collect, synthesize, and act upon real-time intelligence from several disparate sources, augmenting the certainty and severity of punishment strategies, both in theatre and online, compressing the distance between intelligence, political decisions, and coercive action. As a result, AI may quicken the overall pace of action across all domains of coercion, in conflict, crisis, and war, and within the related subfields of national security, counterterrorism, counter-crime, and counter-espionage.

scholarly journals La incidencia de las nuevas tecnologías en el debido proceso.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Miguel de Asis Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Due Process ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Access

The purpose of this paper is to study the incidence of new technologies in the judicial process from the perspective of due process. To achieve its objectives, it is important to analyze how the new tools in ICTs and Artificial Intelligence are influencing the rights that must be respected in the judicial and extrajudicial processes, such as the right of access to justice, the right to legal assistance or the right to an independent and impartial tribunal. To do this, the new technological developments are classified in six legal levels of intervention.

scholarly journals A National Security Research Agenda for Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Global Stability ◽  
National Security ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Security Research

Machine learning advances are transforming cyber strategy and operations. This necessitates studying national security issues at the intersection of AI and cybersecurity, including offensive and defensive cyber operations, the cybersecurity of AI systems, and the effect of new technologies on global stability.

scholarly journals SUITCEYES Scoping Report on Law and Policy on Deafblindness, Disability and New Technologies: United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Lesley Woodin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Broad Overview

This report discusses law and policy on new technologies: artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and the Internet of Things (IoT) in relation to disabled people and people with deafblindness in the UK. Written as part of the SUITCEYES project, it provides a broad overview of formal rights and the extent to which disabled people can access new technologies in practice. The field is fast moving and volatile, with judgements regularly made and overturned in the courts and frequent new initiatives. The UK government emphasises the importance of investing in new technologies as a means of strengthening the economy. The opportunities represented by technological developments have been largely welcomed by disabled people but questions remain about how the technology might be used and developed by disabled people and people with deafblindness themselves and the need for safeguards against exploitation.

Artificial Intelligence as a Technological Innovation to Accelerate Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
S. V. Shchurina ◽  
A. S. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the introduction of artificial intelligence as a technological innovation into the Russian economic development. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the Russian market of artificial intelligence is still in the infancy and the necessity to bridge the current technological gap between Russia and the leading economies of the world is coming to the forefront. The financial sector, the manufacturing industry and the retail trade are the drivers of the artificial intelligence development. However, company managers in Russia are not prepared for the practical application of expensive artificial intelligence technologies. Under these circumstances, the challenge is to develop measures to support high-tech projects of small and medium-sized businesses, given that the technological innovation considered can accelerate the development of the Russian economy in the energy sector fully or partially controlled by the government as well as in the military-industrial complex and the judicial system.The purposes of the research were to examine the current state of technological innovations in the field of artificial intelligence in the leading countries and Russia and develop proposals for improving the AI application in the Russian practices.The paper concludes that the artificial intelligence is a breakthrough technology with a great application potential. Active promotion of the artificial intelligence in companies significantly increases their efficiency, competitiveness, develops industry markets, stimulates introduction of new technologies, improves product quality and scales up manufacturing. In general, the artificial intelligence gives a new impetus to the development of Russia and facilitates its entry into the five largest world’s economies.

Introduction of New Technologies in Cultural-Educational Space of Museums

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Д. Кульдышева
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Modern Technologies

в статье говорится об использовании и образовательных возможностях различных современных технологий в музеях. Приводятся и анализируются различные технологические разработки в данной сфере. the article deals with the use of various modern technologies in museums and their educational opportunities. Various technological developments are presented and analyzed.

The Future of Human Workers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh K. Joshi ◽  
J.R. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Global Workforce ◽  
Repetitive Tasks ◽  
The Internet Of Things

New technologies like artificial intelligence, robotics, machine intelligence, and the Internet of Things are seeing repetitive tasks move away from humans to machines. Humans cannot become machines, but machines can become more human-like. The traditional model of educating workers for the workforce is fast becoming irrelevant. There is a massive need for the retooling of human workers. Humans need to be trained to remain focused in a society which is constantly getting bombarded with information. The two basic elements of physical and mental capacity are slowly being taken over by machines and artificial intelligence. This changes the fundamental role of the global workforce.

AI Narratives

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Narrative History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imaginative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This book is the first to examine the history of imaginative thinking about intelligent machines. As real artificial intelligence (AI) begins to touch on all aspects of our lives, this long narrative history shapes how the technology is developed, deployed, and regulated. It is therefore a crucial social and ethical issue. Part I of this book provides a historical overview from ancient Greece to the start of modernity. These chapters explore the revealing prehistory of key concerns of contemporary AI discourse, from the nature of mind and creativity to issues of power and rights, from the tension between fascination and ambivalence to investigations into artificial voices and technophobia. Part II focuses on the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in which a greater density of narratives emerged alongside rapid developments in AI technology. These chapters reveal not only how AI narratives have consistently been entangled with the emergence of real robotics and AI, but also how they offer a rich source of insight into how we might live with these revolutionary machines. Through their close textual engagements, these chapters explore the relationship between imaginative narratives and contemporary debates about AI’s social, ethical, and philosophical consequences, including questions of dehumanization, automation, anthropomorphization, cybernetics, cyberpunk, immortality, slavery, and governance. The contributions, from leading humanities and social science scholars, show that narratives about AI offer a crucial epistemic site for exploring contemporary debates about these powerful new technologies.

scholarly journals Why a Virtual Assistant for Moral Enhancement When We Could have a Socrates?

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lara
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Moral Enhancement ◽  
Moral Decisions ◽  
Educational Methodology ◽  
Better Than

AbstractCan Artificial Intelligence (AI) be more effective than human instruction for the moral enhancement of people? The author argues that it only would be if the use of this technology were aimed at increasing the individual's capacity to reflectively decide for themselves, rather than at directly influencing behaviour. To support this, it is shown how a disregard for personal autonomy, in particular, invalidates the main proposals for applying new technologies, both biomedical and AI-based, to moral enhancement. As an alternative to these proposals, this article proposes a virtual assistant that, through dialogue, neutrality and virtual reality technologies, can teach users to make better moral decisions on their own. The author concludes that, as long as certain precautions are taken in its design, such an assistant could do this better than a human instructor adopting the same educational methodology.

Digital Authoritarianism and the Future of Human Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Dragu ◽  
Yonatan Lupu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Strategic Context

Abstract How will advances in digital technology affect the future of human rights and authoritarian rule? Media figures, public intellectuals, and scholars have debated this relationship for decades, with some arguing that new technologies facilitate mobilization against the state and others countering that the same technologies allow authoritarians to strengthen their grip on power. We address this issue by analyzing the first game-theoretic model that accounts for the dual effects of technology within the strategic context of preventive repression. Our game-theoretical analysis suggests that technological developments may not be detrimental to authoritarian control and may, in fact, strengthen authoritarian control by facilitating a wide range of human rights abuses. We show that technological innovation leads to greater levels of abuses to prevent opposition groups from mobilizing and increases the likelihood that authoritarians will succeed in preventing such mobilization. These results have broad implications for the human rights regime, democratization efforts, and the interpretation of recent declines in violent human rights abuses.

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