scholarly journals Why a Virtual Assistant for Moral Enhancement When We Could have a Socrates?

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lara
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Moral Enhancement ◽  
Moral Decisions ◽  
Educational Methodology ◽  
Better Than

AbstractCan Artificial Intelligence (AI) be more effective than human instruction for the moral enhancement of people? The author argues that it only would be if the use of this technology were aimed at increasing the individual's capacity to reflectively decide for themselves, rather than at directly influencing behaviour. To support this, it is shown how a disregard for personal autonomy, in particular, invalidates the main proposals for applying new technologies, both biomedical and AI-based, to moral enhancement. As an alternative to these proposals, this article proposes a virtual assistant that, through dialogue, neutrality and virtual reality technologies, can teach users to make better moral decisions on their own. The author concludes that, as long as certain precautions are taken in its design, such an assistant could do this better than a human instructor adopting the same educational methodology.

scholarly journals Getting to Yes: Stakeholder Buy-In for Implementing Emerging Technologies in Your Library

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Ida Arlene Joiner
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Resource Center

Have you ever wanted to implement new technologies in your library or resource center such as (drones, robotics, artificial intelligence, augmented/virtual reality/mixed reality, 3D printing, wearable technology, and others) and presented your suggestions to your stakeholders (board members, directors, managers, and other decision makers) only to be rejected based on “there isn’t enough money in the budget,” or “no one is going to use the technology,” or “we like things the way that they are,” then this column is for you.

scholarly journals Cue-Elicited Anxiety and Alcohol Craving as Indicators of the Validity of ALCO-VR Software: A Virtual Reality Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Ghiţă ◽  
Olga Hernández-Serrano ◽  
Yolanda Fernández-Ruiz ◽  
Miquel Monras ◽  
Lluisa Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Group Method ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Alcohol Craving ◽  
Better Than

Background: This study is part of a larger project aiming to develop a virtual reality (VR) software to be implemented as a clinical tool for patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The study is based on previous research in which we identified factors that elicit craving for alcohol in a sample of AUD patients, and which led to the development of a virtual reality software to be used in cue exposure treatments of alcohol use disorder (ALCO-VR). The main objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of ALCO-VR to elicit cue-induced craving and anxiety responses among social drinkers (SD) and AUD patients. Our secondary objective was to explore which responses (cue-induced craving or anxiety) can best differentiate between AUD patients and the SD group. Method: Twenty-seven individuals (13 AUD patients and 14 SD) participated in this study after giving written informed consent. Their anxiety and alcohol craving levels were measured by different instruments at different stages of the procedure. The VR equipment consisted of Oculus Rift technology, and the software consisted of the ALCO-VR platform. Results: Our data indicate that the ALCO-VR software can elicit responses of anxiety and alcohol craving, especially in the group of AUD patients. The cue-induced anxiety response differentiated AUD patients and the SD group better than the cue-induced craving response. Conclusions: The general interest in applying new technologies to the assessment and treatment of mental health disorders has led to the development of immersive real-life simulations based on the advantages of VR technology. Our study concluded that the ALCO-VR software can elicit anxiety and craving responses and that cue-induced anxiety responses can distinguish between AUD and SD groups better than cue-induced craving. The data on craving and anxiety were assessed consistently by different instruments. In addition, we consider that ALCO-VR is able to ecologically assess cue-induced anxiety and alcohol craving levels during exposure to VR alcohol-related environments.

scholarly journals ROBOTS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITY: ETHICAL, LEGAL AND HYGIENIC ISSUES

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Denisov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Physical Systems

The digital revolution poses new challenges for hygienists. From hygienic positions, the essence of digitalization of economy and society, and also ethical problems and projects of legal regulation of robotics, systems of artificial intelligence (AI), augmented and virtual reality (AR-VR) are considered. The aim of the work is the analysis of digitalization from the standpoint of information hygiene, as well as the legal regulation of these new technologies for their hygienic regulation. The range of views of the luminaries of Natural Sciences and Medicine on ethical and philosophical issues of the society, labor, and hygiene is given. Of the 23 Asilomar principles of safe, productive, and moral development of AI systems there are selected 7 hygienically significant ones, that can serve as the scientific basis for the hygienic assessment of cyber-physical systems. The issues of the legal regulation of robotics and AI on the example of the UNESCO draft and the European Parliament resolution, as well as draft laws of the United Kingdom and the United States, are considered. The proposal of Russian specialists on the category of high-risk robots and the presumption of the danger of conscious interaction with AI is noted. The terminology on robots and co-robots in the fields of welfare, medicine, and healthcare is presented. The proposal is described to form a friendly behavior of the robot to implement the ethical norms of robotics for the benefit of man. The systems of AR-VR used in education, industry, architecture, health care, medical Sciences, and entertainment are mentioned, as well as risk factors and symptoms of motion sickness as a form of their manifestation are considered. The basic theory is that of sensory conflict and then activation of the optic-vestibular-spinal system; one talks about the "disease of virtual reality". Possible disorders of the human body functions when using AR-VR devices and medical contraindications, as well as health and safety requirements are systematized. The bases of information hygiene can serve as a tool to preserve the health of workers and the population in the digital age. Robots and AI systems are concluded to require hygienic assessment. Special attention should be paid to the AR-VR systems, which create specific health risks, especially for vulnerable groups. The methods and criteria for evaluating cyber-physical systems on the base of information hygiene and specialized hygiene regulations are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Blockchain and AI Meet in the Metaverse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-joo Jeon ◽  
Ho-chang Youn ◽  
Sang-mi Ko ◽  
Tae-heon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The World

With new technologies related to the development of computers, graphics, and hardware, the virtual world has become a reality. As COVID-19 spreads around the world, the demand for virtual reality increases, and the industry represented by the Metaverse is developing. In the Metaverse, a virtual world that transcends reality, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology are being combined. This chapter explains how artificial intelligence and blockchain can affect the Metaverse.

scholarly journals CREATING PERSONALIZED GUEST EXPERIENCE JOURNEY IN LEISURE HOTEL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Marković ◽  
◽  
Matina Gjurašić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Use Of Data

With advancements in technology, the use of Virtual Reality (VR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the hospitality industry has become common. New technologies have changed the guests expectations and their journey. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive conceptualization of the personalized guest experience journey in leisure hotel i.e. the way front-line employees creates personalized and pro-active guest experience that the intelligent use of data and technology support. The paper provides systematic literature review of VR and AI as support tool for front-line employees while creating personalized guest experience during each of the five stages of the guest cycle: pre-arrival, arrival, stay, departure, post-stay. This paper is theoretical, so empirical studies are necessary to validate or reject the proposed concept.

Artificial Intelligence as a Technological Innovation to Accelerate Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
S. V. Shchurina ◽  
A. S. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the introduction of artificial intelligence as a technological innovation into the Russian economic development. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the Russian market of artificial intelligence is still in the infancy and the necessity to bridge the current technological gap between Russia and the leading economies of the world is coming to the forefront. The financial sector, the manufacturing industry and the retail trade are the drivers of the artificial intelligence development. However, company managers in Russia are not prepared for the practical application of expensive artificial intelligence technologies. Under these circumstances, the challenge is to develop measures to support high-tech projects of small and medium-sized businesses, given that the technological innovation considered can accelerate the development of the Russian economy in the energy sector fully or partially controlled by the government as well as in the military-industrial complex and the judicial system.The purposes of the research were to examine the current state of technological innovations in the field of artificial intelligence in the leading countries and Russia and develop proposals for improving the AI application in the Russian practices.The paper concludes that the artificial intelligence is a breakthrough technology with a great application potential. Active promotion of the artificial intelligence in companies significantly increases their efficiency, competitiveness, develops industry markets, stimulates introduction of new technologies, improves product quality and scales up manufacturing. In general, the artificial intelligence gives a new impetus to the development of Russia and facilitates its entry into the five largest world’s economies.

The Future of Human Workers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh K. Joshi ◽  
J.R. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Global Workforce ◽  
Repetitive Tasks ◽  
The Internet Of Things

New technologies like artificial intelligence, robotics, machine intelligence, and the Internet of Things are seeing repetitive tasks move away from humans to machines. Humans cannot become machines, but machines can become more human-like. The traditional model of educating workers for the workforce is fast becoming irrelevant. There is a massive need for the retooling of human workers. Humans need to be trained to remain focused in a society which is constantly getting bombarded with information. The two basic elements of physical and mental capacity are slowly being taken over by machines and artificial intelligence. This changes the fundamental role of the global workforce.

Computing Possible Futures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Interactive Visualizations ◽  
Use Of Models ◽  
Better Than

This book discusses the use of models and interactive visualizations to explore designs of systems and policies in determining whether such designs would be effective. Executives and senior managers are very interested in what “data analytics” can do for them and, quite recently, what the prospects are for artificial intelligence and machine learning. They want to understand and then invest wisely. They are reasonably skeptical, having experienced overselling and under-delivery. They ask about reasonable and realistic expectations. Their concern is with the futurity of decisions they are currently entertaining. They cannot fully address this concern empirically. Thus, they need some way to make predictions. The problem is that one rarely can predict exactly what will happen, only what might happen. To overcome this limitation, executives can be provided predictions of possible futures and the conditions under which each scenario is likely to emerge. Models can help them to understand these possible futures. Most executives find such candor refreshing, perhaps even liberating. Their job becomes one of imagining and designing a portfolio of possible futures, assisted by interactive computational models. Understanding and managing uncertainty is central to their job. Indeed, doing this better than competitors is a hallmark of success. This book is intended to help them understand what fundamentally needs to be done, why it needs to be done, and how to do it. The hope is that readers will discuss this book and develop a “shared mental model” of computational modeling in the process, which will greatly enhance their chances of success.

AI Narratives

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Narrative History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imaginative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This book is the first to examine the history of imaginative thinking about intelligent machines. As real artificial intelligence (AI) begins to touch on all aspects of our lives, this long narrative history shapes how the technology is developed, deployed, and regulated. It is therefore a crucial social and ethical issue. Part I of this book provides a historical overview from ancient Greece to the start of modernity. These chapters explore the revealing prehistory of key concerns of contemporary AI discourse, from the nature of mind and creativity to issues of power and rights, from the tension between fascination and ambivalence to investigations into artificial voices and technophobia. Part II focuses on the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in which a greater density of narratives emerged alongside rapid developments in AI technology. These chapters reveal not only how AI narratives have consistently been entangled with the emergence of real robotics and AI, but also how they offer a rich source of insight into how we might live with these revolutionary machines. Through their close textual engagements, these chapters explore the relationship between imaginative narratives and contemporary debates about AI’s social, ethical, and philosophical consequences, including questions of dehumanization, automation, anthropomorphization, cybernetics, cyberpunk, immortality, slavery, and governance. The contributions, from leading humanities and social science scholars, show that narratives about AI offer a crucial epistemic site for exploring contemporary debates about these powerful new technologies.

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