Photosynthetic activity of flag leaves in diallel crosses of spring barley under varied nutrition and soil moisture

The inﬂuence of four basic tillage systems and four fertilizer systems on changes in productive soil moisture and water consumption by agrophytocenoses was studied within years 2017–2020 in the fve-feld crop rotation on typical black soil (chernozems) of the Bila Tserkva NAU experimental feld. It is established that the productive moisture reserves in a meter layer of soil in the phase of soybean germination are almost the same for moldboard, differentiated, disk and shallow types of tillage, but quite lower for chisel one; in the phases of the budding beginning and maturity of grain this indicator is the lowest for moldboard tillage, and the highest for moldboardless tillage. In the phase of winter wheat germination, as well as earing and full ripeness of grain, this rate is almost at the same level for moldboard, differentiated and shallow tillage, and for chisel one – 9–12 % higher compared to the reference level; in the phase of spring vegetation restoration no noticeable difference between tillage options was recorded. In the phase of sunﬂower seedlings there was the largest amount of the productive moisture in a meter layer of soil in the conditions of moldboardless plowing; the rest of tillage have shown almost the same amount of productive moisture; in the phase of the ﬂowering beginning and full maturity of seeds, they are 3–5 % higher for moldboardless plowing, and 2–3 and 4–6 % lower for differentiated and disk tillage respectively than the reference one. In the phases of tube yielding, earing and full ripeness of spring barley grain, it is 11, 5 and 4 % higher compared to the reference rate for moldboardless plowing, differentiated and disk tillage respectively. For moldboard, chisel, differentiated tillage and shallow tillage, the water consumption coefcient of soybeans was 109, 120, 113 and 131 mm/t respectively. With moldboardless, differentiated and disc tillage, it is 11,5 and 4 % higher in winter wheat, respectively, than the reference level. Crop rotation productivity for moldboard and differentiated tillage at the same level, and for moldboardless and disk – signifcantly lower. Key words: crop rotation, crop, tillage, fertilizers, productive moisture, water consumption coefcient, total water consumption, productivity.

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The efficiency of the system tillage during of the cultivation crops

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202127305011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 273 ◽

pp. 05011

Author(s):

Yulia Semenikhina ◽

Sergey Kambulov ◽

Dmitriy Podlesniy ◽

Tamara Vladimirova ◽

Sergey Belousov

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Structure ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Conservative System ◽

Multiphase System ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Special Importance ◽

Soil Cultivation ◽

Cultivation Systems ◽

Legume Crop

When cultivating crops in arid conditions, special importance is attached to soil cultivation systems aimed at eliminating the deficiency of soil moisture. The main purpose of soil cultivation is to create an optimal soil structure, which is a multiphase system of solid, liquid and gaseous components that form soil fertility with a subsequent effect on the yield of agricultural crops. Various soil cultivation systems are used to form a favorable soil structure. The conservative cultivation system consists in the minimum impact on the soil (usually direct sowing) and with the preservation of plant residues on its surface. The relevance of the study is to identify the most effective system of soil cultivation. The study was carried out under the conditions of many years of stationary experience in legume crop rotation for 5 years. It was revealed that the conservative system of soil cultivation is effective and surpasses the traditional one in the following indicators: soil moisture is more by 14.2%; the soil temperature is 2.6% lower; soil density is 3.48% higher. A stable increase in yield was also revealed: for winter wheat by 6.62%, for spring barley by 8.09%, for peas by 13.95% and for soybeans by 23.00%.

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Acceptance of Increasing the Productivity of Spring Barley

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v0i0.9002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Natalya Ryabtseva ◽

Aleksey Avdeenko ◽

Svetlana Avdeenko ◽

Igor Fetyukhin

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Barley Plant ◽

Significance Level ◽

Straight Line ◽

Biological Yield ◽

The Relationship

The aim of this research was to develop a model of productive agrocenoses of spring barley through the application of the growth regulators Biroduks, Vitazim, Emistim and Ribav-Extra. Spraying the plants with the growth regulators led to better growth and the development of leaf blades: the leaf area on one plant increased 1.2-1.74 times. The activation of photosynthetic activity using biological products was established. The most developed assimilation apparatus of the plant was developed under the drug Emistim: the leaf area was 69.224 m2 / ha. The weight of 1000 grains was at its maximum under the influence of Emistim (45.9 g). Less heavy grain was formed by crops under the influence of the Biroduks preparation (45.7 g). In version three, the weight of 1000 grains exceeded the control by 1.9 g. In version five, the increase was 1.4 g. The relationship between the mass of 1000 grains, productive bushiness and yield was a weak straight line (r = 0.19 and r = 0.16, respectively). The increase in yield depended to a greater extent on the number of preserved plants for harvesting (r = 0.98) than on the mass of the grain, the bushiness or the number of grains in the ear. The minimum biological yield was obtained in the control variant and the maximum was with the drug Emistim. Reliability at a 95% significance level was noted on all options. The positive impact on overcoming stressful effects during the growing season of spring barley was most effective when using the drug Emistim. Keywords: spring barley, plant growth regulator, efficiency

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Influence of different liming material on soil pH and spring barley yield under different soil moisture conditions

Žemės ūkio mokslai ◽

10.6001/zemesukiomokslai.v27i3.4339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Donata Drapanauskaitė ◽

Kristina Bunevičienė ◽

Romas Mažeika

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Magnesium Content ◽

Liming Material ◽

Agrochemical Properties ◽

Moisture Conditions

Liming of acid soils is one of the most effective and multipurpose ways to improve soil properties. Liming changes the agrochemical properties, nutrient content and uptake. The aim of the research was to evaluate the influence of different liming materials on soil pH and spring barley yield under different soil moisture conditions. A vegetation experiment was performed until full yield formation under two different soil moisture conditions: optimum 17–20% and excess 28–31%. Liming materials of different physical forms and chemical composition were used in the experiment: ground, crushed and granulated liming materials, which differed in their chemical composition. Ground liming material had the highest neutralizing value (52.2 ± 0.40%) and reactivity (99.5 ± 0.18%), and crushed liming material had the lowest reactivity (10.0 ± 0.23%) and the highest (10.33 ± 0.148) magnesium content. Liming with ground liming material was the most effective and fastest way to neutralize soil acidity. It increased the soil pH from 4.44 ± 0.191 to 6.17 ± 0.042 under optimum moisture conditions and from 4.46 ± 0.156 to 6.76 ± 0.537 under excess moisture conditions after 4 weeks of liming. When spring barley was grown to full yield, a significant increase in yield in both years was found by liming with granulated liming material ø 2–5 mm in both soil moisture conditions, and the highest mass of 1,000th grain was obtained in the treatments limed with granulated liming material with potassium additive.

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Photosynthetic productivity of spring barley under conditions of climate changes

Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal ◽

10.31481/uhmj.18.2016.08 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 72-81

Author(s):

A. N. Polevoy ◽

L. Yu. Bozhko ◽

O. A. Barsukova

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Primary Source ◽

Recent Decade ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Crop Capacity

Harvest of agricultural crops depends on availability of biological properties of plants, aggregate of technological measures for plants growth, peculiarities of soil covering and weather and climate conditions, social importance of products and their economic value. Crop capacity of spring barley depends on many factors, among which there are the most important ones such as light, heat, moisture, mineral nutrition etc. Climate changes that became particularly noticeable during the recent decade cause change of agro-climatic conditions of spring barley growing, which, in their turn, cause change of rates of crops growth, change of parameters of formation of its productivity which significantly determines the level of crop capacity. Photosynthetic activity of plants depends mainly on supply of solar radiation as the primary source for all biological and physical processes taking place in plants. According to data of studies the role of solar radiation in plants’ life appears to be multilateral one and is determined not only by patterns of change of elements of plants’ photosynthetic activity depending on each other, but also by the influence of changes of agro-climatic and farming practices, plants’ density, standards and periods of irrigation and nutrition.

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The effect of soil conservation tillage on soil moisture dynamics under single cropping and crop rotation

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/3564-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 51 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 124-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

K. Kováč ◽

M. Macák ◽

M. Švančárková

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Soil Moisture Dynamics ◽

No Till ◽

Moisture Dynamics

During 1993–1995 the effect of conventional tillage, reduced till, mulch till and no-till technology on soil moisture dynamics has been studied in field experiment on Haplic chernozems near Pie&scaron;ťany. The tillage treatments were evaluated under a single cropping of maize and spring barley – common peas – winter wheat crop rotation. Soil samples for gravimetric determination of moisture content were collected from six layers up to 0.8 m, three times per year (April–July). The soil moisture was highly significantly influenced in order of importance by date of sampling, year, growing crops, tillage treatments, soil layer and by interactions year × crops, year × date of sampling, crops × date of sampling, tillage × date of sampling, year × tillage, date of sampling × layer and significant influences by interactions, tillage × crops. The soil under conventional tillage had significantly higher moisture content than tested reduced till, mulch till and no-till treatments. The significant influence of maize stand on better soil humidity condition (16.35%) in comparison to crops grown in a crop rotation (in average 14.10%) has been ascertained.

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Spring barley yield and nitrogen recovery after application of peat manure and pig slurry

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.2137/145960606778644494 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 124 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. K. MATTILA

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Spring Barley ◽

N Uptake ◽

Early Summer ◽

N Recovery ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Growing Period ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Npk Fertilizer ◽

Moisture Conditions

The effectiveness of peat manure, manufactured of pig slurry and moderately humified Sphagnum peat (slurry:peat ca. 1:1.5 v/v), as nitrogen (N) source for spring barley was investigated in a four.year field experiment on a clay loam soil in south-western Finland. Pig slurry, NPK fertilizer and plain peat were used as references. Manures were incorporated before sowing or surface-applied after sowing in spring at an ammoniacal N rate of.54.106 kg.ha-1 with or without supplementary NPK fertilizer (40.kg N.ha-1). Soil moisture conditions were varied by different irrigation treatments. Peat manure produced 5.15% higher grain yields than pig slurry, with the largest difference after surface application. Incorporation was more important for slurry than for peat manure in increasing N uptake and yield. Soil moisture deficit in spring and early summer limited the availability of manure N. Part of the manure N that was not available in the early growing period was apparently taken up by the crop later. Consequently, N concentration tended to be higher with lower yields, and differences in the recovery of manure N were smaller than the differences in grain yield. Supplementation of manures with inorganic fertilizer N increased yield by 37%, on average, and improved the N recovery.;

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Influence of growth regulators on photosynthetic activity of spring barley crops

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy ◽

10.18286/1816-4501-2018-4-91-97 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 91-97

Author(s):

M.A. Evdokimova ◽

◽

O.G. Maryina-Chermnykh ◽

Keyword(s):

Growth Regulators ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Spring Barley

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THE EFFECT OF PRECIPITATIONS IN A VEGETATION PERIOD ON PRODUCTIVITY OF THE ZONED SPRING BARLEY VARIETIES IN THE ARID CENTRAL ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2019-65-5-14-17 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 14-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. А. Goldvarg ◽

М. V. Boktaev ◽

Е. G. Filippov ◽

А. А. Dontsova

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Central Zone ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Field Trials ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

The Republic ◽

Variety Testing

In the arid central zone of the Republic of Kalmykia, one of the limiting factors that affects spring barley productivity is the soil moisture content during a vegetation period. The paper discusses the results of a long-term research of zoned spring barley varieties of various breeding institutions in the experimental field of the KRIA named after M. B. Narmaeva, a branch of the FSBSI “PAFRC RAS” to study the effect of instability of soil moisture in a vegetation period on their productivity and especially in the period of grain filling. Field trials were carried out according to the Methods of State Variety Testing of agricultural crops and Methodology of a field trial. In the course of the studies it was found that in arid years the variety “Shchedry” formed a larger yield than that of other zoned varieties. Moreover, in the wet years of 2016 and 2017 the variety “Shchedry” productivity was inferior to the varieties “Prerii” and “Strannik” on average. It has been revealed that in conditions with uneven precipitation in different years, June precipitation has a decisive effect on spring barley productivity in the central zone of the Republic of Kalmykia.

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