Chemical composition and vasodilator activity of different Alpinia zerumbet leaf extracts, a potential source of bioactive flavonoids

Abstract A polyphenol-rich extract with an expressive vasodilator effect was obtained from fresh leaves of Alpinia zerumbet (AZ), a medicinal plant. The vasodilator effects of AZ obtained from different extraction conditions were studied in perfused mesenteric vascular bed, and total polyphenol content (TPC) was determined for all samples. Chemical composition of AZ was analyzed by UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS, and a list of putative compounds was obtained by a molecular network. Briefly, results obtained indicate a 50% hydroethanolic extract from fresh leaves (AZE4) as the best extraction condition, presenting the greatest vasodilator effect (ED 50 = 7.1 µg ± 1.73) and TPC (16.30 mg GAE/g ± 0.44). Flavonoids were detected as main constituents and alpinetin, kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide, (-)- epicatechin and pinocembrin were identified as major compounds. The last effective extraction condition was 50% hydroethanolic extract from dried leaves without heating, which showed the smallest vasodilator response (ED 50 = 29.1 µg ± 4.3) and TPC (6.35 mg GAE/g ± 0.08), reinforcing the use of fresh leaves and heating step to improve extracts performance. The vasodilator effect and the main flavonoid composition of AZE4 provide experimental support for the indication of this extract as a potential source of bioactive flavonoids for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Bark and Leaf Extracts of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus phoenicea Grown in Al- Jabel Al-Akhdar Region, Libya

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315508666180223151210 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 268-279

Author(s):

Mohamed E.I. Badawy ◽

Ibrahim E.A. Kherallah ◽

Ahmed S.O. Mohareb ◽

Mohamed. Z.M. Salem ◽

Hameda A. Yousef

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Sea Level ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Complex Mixture ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Cupressus Sempervirens ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Juniperus Phoenicea ◽

The Impact

Background:Plant extracts are important products in the world and have been widely used for isolation of important biologically active products. Because of their significant environmental impact, extensive research has been explored to determine the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts.Methods:Acetone extracts of the bark and leaf of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus phoenicea, collected from three different altitudes (125, 391, and 851 m high of sea level) at Al- Jabel Al-Akhdar area, Libya were obtained and analyzed by GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was further evaluated against plant bacteria Rhizobium radiobacter, Erwinia carotovora, Rhodococcus fascians and Ralstonia solanacearum and fungus Botrytis cinerea.Results:The impact of the altitude from the sea level on the quantity and chemical constituents of the extracts was investigated. The yield was largely dependent on tree species and the highest yield (6.50%) was obtained with C. sempervirens L bark of altitude III (851 m of the sea level), while the lowest (1.17%) was obtained with the leaf extract of C. sempervirens L from altitude I (125 m). The chemical composition analyzed by GC/MS confirmed that the leaf extracts of C. sempervirens and J. phoenicea contained a complex mixture of monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, diterpenoids, terpenophenolic, steroids and phthalates. However, the bark extracts of both trees contained a mixture of sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, diterpenoids, terpenophenolics, phthalates, retinol and steroids. These constituents revealed some variability among the extracts displaying the highest interesting chemotype of totarol (terpenophenolic) in all extracts (14.63-78.19% of the total extract). The extracts displayed a noteworthy antifungal potency with varying degrees of inhibition of growth with EC50 values ranged from 78.50 to 206.90 mg/L. The extracts obtained from the leaves of C. sempervirens showed that the highest inhibitory activity was obtained with the extract of altitude II (391 m) with MIC 565, 510, 380 and 710 mg/L against E. carotovora, R. fascians, and R. radiobacter and R. solanacearum, respectively.Conclusion:Based on antimicrobial activity, raw plant extracts can be a cost-effective way to protect crops from microbial pathogens. Because plant extracts contain several antimicrobial compounds, the development of resistant pathogens can be delayed.

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Pharmacological Potential and Chemical Composition of Crocus sativus Leaf Extracts

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules27010010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Olha Mykhailenko ◽

Vilma Petrikaite ◽

Michal Korinek ◽

Fang-Rong Chang ◽

Mohamed El-Shazly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Health Related ◽

Pharmacological Potential

Crocus sativus L. (saffron) has been traditionally used as a food coloring or flavoring agent, but recent research has shown its potent pharmacological activity to tackle several health-related conditions. Crocus sp. leaves, and petals are the by-products of saffron production and are not usually used in the medicine or food industries. The present study was designed to determine the chemical composition of the water and ethanolic extracts of C. sativus leaves and test their cytotoxic activity against melanoma (IGR39) and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines by MTT assay. We also determined their anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral activities. HPLC fingerprint analysis showed the presence of 16 compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acids, xanthones, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids, which could contribute to the extracts’ biological activities. For the first time, compounds such as tectoridin, iristectorigenin B, nigricin, and irigenin were identified in Crocus leaf extracts. The results showed that mangiferin (up to 2 mg/g dry weight) and isoorientin (8.5 mg/g dry weight) were the major active ingredients in the leaf extracts. The ethanolic extract reduced the viability of IGR39 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells with EC50 = 410 ± 100 and 330 ± 40 µg/mL, respectively. It was more active than the aqueous extract. Kaempferol and quercetin were identified as the most active compounds. Our results showed that Crocus leaves contain secondary metabolites with potent cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.

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Chemical Composition, Production of Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity in Coffee Cultivars Susceptible and Partially Resistant to Bacterial Halo Blight

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10091915 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1915

Author(s):

Joyce Alves Goulart da Silva ◽

Mário Lúcio Vilela de Resende ◽

Ingridy Simone Ribeiro ◽

Adriene Ribeiro Lima ◽

Luiz Roberto Marques Albuquerque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Defense Strategies ◽

Halo Blight ◽

Phenolic Profiles ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Coffee production is one of the main agricultural activities in Brazil, and several coffee cultivars with disease resistance have already been developed. The secondary metabolites produced by plants are closely associated with defense strategies, and the resistance of coffee cultivars to bacterial halo blight (BHB) can be related to these compounds. Therefore, this study aims to compare a partially resistant coffee cultivar (Iapar-59) and a susceptible cultivar (Mundo Novo 376/4) to BHB (Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae) in relation to the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the leaf extracts. In addition, this study determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenolic profiles of the Iapar-59 leaf extracts of plants inoculated with P. syringae pv. garcae. The Iapar-59 extract showed a higher content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids than the Mundo Novo 376/4 extract. Both cultivars contained gallic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids; however, the highest contents were quantified in the Iapar-59 cultivar. The leaf extracts from the Iapar-59 cultivar exhibited higher antioxidant activity. Higher concentrations of gallic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids and the presence of vanillin were detected in the extract of cultivar Iapar-59 inoculated with P. syringae pv. garcae.

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Antimicrobial of nyirih (Xylocarpus granatum) against pathogens of tiger shrimp post-larvae

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.16653.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gina Saptiani ◽

A. Syafei Sidik ◽

Fikri Ardhani

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Vibrio Harveyi ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Coastal Communities ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Potential Source ◽

Xylocarpus Granatum ◽

Tiger Shrimp ◽

Negative Controls

Background: Xylocarpus granatum has been used as a medicinal plant by coastal communities, which may indicate that this plant is a potential source of pharmaceuticals. Methods: Xylocarpus granatum leaf extract was tested as an antimicrobial agent for pathogens infecting tiger shrimp post-larvae. Of the treatments applied to the post-larvae, 25 were crudely extracted with ethanol, distilled water, and seawater solvent given by immersion. Vibrio harveyi and Saprolegnia sp. were microbial species used for the test. Results: X. granatum extract had the potential to inhibit V. harveyi and Saprolegnia sp., reducing infection and improving the survival of shrimp. Shrimp soaked with X. granatum extract had a total Vibrio count ranging from 14.67x103 to 22.67x103 CFU/ml. The survival rate of shrimp was recorded as 53.33% to 78.67% and 54.67% to 76.00% due to V. harveyi, and Saprolegnia sp infection, respectively. The relative percentage of the survival of shrimp protected from V. harveyi and Saprolegnia sp infection in treatments compared to negative controls ranged from 40.61% to 72.89% and 35.84% to 66.12%, respectively. Conclusions: Leaf extracts of X. granatum, which might have better antimicrobial activities to prevent tiger shrimp from pathogenetic infection, were consecutively extracted ethanol at 800-1,000 ppm, distilled water at 800-1,000 ppm, and seawater at 1,000 ppm.

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Chemical composition of the fractions of leaf oil of Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm. and antimicrobial activity

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia ◽

10.1590/s0102-695x2009000500008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 697-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Cristiane P. Victório ◽

Daniela S. Alviano ◽

Celuta S. Alviano ◽

Celso L. S. Lage

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Alpinia Zerumbet

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In VitroandIn VivoAntimalarial Activity ofFicus thonningiiBlume (Moraceae) andLophira alataBanks (Ochnaceae), Identified from the Ethnomedicine of the Nigerian Middle Belt

Journal of Parasitology Research ◽

10.1155/2014/972853 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. O. Falade ◽

D. O. Akinboye ◽

G. O. Gbotosho ◽

E. O. Ajaiyeoba ◽

T. C. Happi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Human Cell Line ◽

New Drugs ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Potential Source ◽

Hexane Extracts ◽

Ficus Thonningii ◽

Multiresistant Strains

Drug resistance inPlasmodium falciparumrequires that new drugs must be developed. Plants are a potential source for drug discovery and development. Two plants that used to treat febrile illnesses in Nigeria were tested forin vitroandin vivoantimalarial activity and cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines. Methanol, hexane, and ethyl acetate leaf extracts ofFicus thonningiiandLophira alatawere active inin vitroassays againstP. falciparumNF54 (sensitive) and K1 (multiresistant) strains. Hexane extracts ofF. thonningiiandL. alatawere the most effective extracts inin vitroassays with IC50of2.7±1.6 μg/mL and2.5±0.3 μg/mL for NF54 and10.4±1.6 μg/mL and2.5±2.1 μg/mL for K1 strain. All extracts were nontoxic in cytotoxicity assays against KB human cell line with IC50of over 20 μg/mL, demonstrating selectivity againstP. falciparum.In vivoanalysis shows that hexane extracts of both plants reduced parasitaemia. At the maximum dose tested,L. alatahad a 74.4% reduction of parasitaemia whileF. thonningiihad a reduction of 84.5%, both extracts prolonged animal survival in mice infected withP. bergheiNK65 when compared with vehicle treated controls. The antiplasmodial activity observed justifies the use of both plants in treating febrile conditions.

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Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials of Icacina trichantha Oliv. Leaf Extracts

Research Journal of Phytochemistry ◽

10.3923/rjphyto.2015.161.174 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 161-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kabir O. Otun ◽

Damilola B. Onikosi ◽

Abdulfatai T. Ajiboye ◽

Akeem A. Jimoh

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Leaf Extracts

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IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF Eugenia aromatica AND ITS BIO-EFFICACY AGAINST Sitophilus oryzae (L.) AND Tribolium castaneum (HERBST)

The Future of Biology ◽

10.37229/fsa.fjb.2019.11.7 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 26-35

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Sitophilus Oryzae ◽

Management Program ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Plant Oil ◽

Potential Source ◽

F1 Progeny

In this investigation plant oil and powder of E. aromatica were evaluated under laboratory conditions to determine their toxicity, fumigant effect and impact on F1 progeny of S. oryzae and T. castaneum adults. Essential oil and powder of flower buds obtained from Eugenia aromatica were purified and analyzed by Gas-Chromatography–Mass Spectrometer (GC-MC). The results obtained showed that the two products of E. aromatica had good disorders on the all tested parameters. For toxicity and fumigant effect the oil was the premier compared to powder. In addition, that the two products completely prevented the F1 emergence of the two insects. In respect of the toxicity and fumigation the T. castaneum was more tolerant than S. oryzae adults. Phytochemical analysis showed that euegnol (89.62%) was the premier component of essential oil, while euegnol (78.66%), caryophyllene (6.30%), -a-Terpinyl acetate (1.35%) were the major components for its powder. These findings suggest application of E. aromatica products as suitable tools as a potential source of insecticides, alternative to synthetic insecticides or using these products in integrated pest management program against stored product insects, especially S. oryzae or T. castaneum adults.

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